The richest people in Belarus. Lukashenka's oligarchs or what do the richest people of Belarus earn on? Education: higher technical

03.06.2020

200 successful and influential businessmen of Belarus is a project of the Ezhednevnik Internet portal, which has been preparing and publishing since 2007.

The project, first of all, has an educational goal. On the one hand, it promotes recognition of the person, increasing the loyalty of the population to private business in general, on the other hand, it serves as a source of information for potential partners and investors who are going to implement projects in Belarus.

Getting into and distribution in the top 200 successful and influential businessmen of Belarus is determined by two criteria:

1. Success is the actual share of a particular person in the value of the business that belongs to him.

Ownership and share are calculated based on the data of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Belarus ( Single register legal entities and individual entrepreneurs), registration authorities of other countries where the main business is located or the entrepreneur conducts business, as well as on the basis of other open sources and insider information. Business value, if any financial indicators is calculated by traditional methods for estimating the cost (cost, income, comparable sales). Depending on volume financial information and its sources, it is selected which approach is appropriate in assessing a particular business and, accordingly, the current capital of the person involved in the top 200 successful and influential businessmen in Belarus.

2. Influence - an additional criterion given by us through the specific conditions for doing business in Belarus and the inability to this moment publish monetary figures.

It is based on the concept of business sustainability in the economic conditions that have developed over 25 years in the Belarusian economy. First of all, this is an assessment of the level of communication of a particular business owner with the state regulator, as well as his role (influence) in the region and the economy as a whole. A group of experts (at least 10 people), which is directly related to one of the markets whose players are represented in the top 200 (IT, finance, woodworking, mechanical engineering, food industry etc.), according to the point system determines the degree of influence of a person in a given period of time.

The Top 200 successful and influential businessmen in Belarus are used as a source of information on private business in Belarus not only by Belarusian companies and government agencies, but also by the European Commission, the EAEU and departments of other countries of the world.

Several features of the 2016 rating are a sharp drop in the previous leader, Yuri Chizh. From first place he dived to 12th. And his arrested comrade Vladimir Yaprintsev was completely ignored by experts. Meanwhile, the rating was headed by the founder of the World of Tanks, Viktor Kisly.

1. Victor Sour

39 years old (1976)
Nicosia (Cyprus)

General Director of Wargaming Group Ltd., Deputy Development Director of JLLC "Game Stream"

2. Vitaly Arbuzov

51 years old (1964)
Minsk

Chairman of the Board of Directors of Fenox Global Group, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Fenox Venture Capital

Interests: auto components, auto manufacturing, venture investments, retail

3. Alexander Moshensky

45 years old (1970)
Brest

General Director of JV LLC "Santa Impex Brest", Member of the Supervisory Board of JSC "Development Bank of the Republic of Belarus"

Interests: food, retail, leisure and entertainment, real estate

4. Pavel Topuzidis

59 years old (1956)
Minsk

Chairman of the Board of Tabak-Invest LLC

5. Alexander Shakutin

56 years old (1959)
Minsk

Chairman of the Board of Directors of JSC "Amkodor - Holding Management Company", Chairman of the Supervisory Board of CJSC "Absolutbank"

Interests: mechanical engineering, fuel and energy complex, investments, finance

6. Evgeny Baskin

50 years old (1965)
Mogilev

General Director of SZAO "Servolux"

Interests: food, agriculture, retail

7. Sergey Litvin

49 years old (1966)
Monaco (Monaco)

8. Vladimir Vasilko

49 years old (1966)
Monaco (Monaco)

Member of the Supervisory Board of Eurotorg LLC

Interests: retail, trading, alcohol, real estate, food, finance

9. Alexey Oleksin

Director of CJSC Energooil, Member of the Supervisory Board of CJSC MTBank

Interests: fuel and energy complex, finance, real estate, food

10. Alexey Zhukov

48 years old (1967)
Minsk

General Director of the Alutech Group of Companies

Interests: building materials

11. Vladimir Peftiev

58 years old (1957)
Minsk

Ex-Chairman of the General Meeting of Shareholders of CJSC "Beltechexport", ex-co-owner of CJSC "Management Company of the Holding "Beltech Holding"

Interests: investments

12. Yuri Chizh

52 years old (1963)
Minsk

Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Triple Group of Companies, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of CJSC FC Dynamo-Minsk

Interests: construction and real estate, building materials, retail, food, agriculture, recreation and entertainment, pharmaceuticals

13. Viktor Petrovich

Director of Tabak-invest LLC

Interests: tobacco, retail, real estate, leisure and entertainment

14. Arkady Dobkin

55 years old (1960)
Newtown (Pennsylvania, USA)

Co-owner, President and Chairman of the Board of Directors of EPAM Systems Inc.

Interests: IT

15. Nikolai Katselapov

Nicosia (Cyprus)

Interests: IT, finance, real estate

16. Ivan Mikhnevich

Nicosia (Cyprus)

Co-owner of Wargaming Group Ltd.

Interests: IT, finance, real estate.

17. Nikolai Sparrow

Novopolotsk

Co-owner of Interservice LLC, member of the Supervisory Board of CJSC Absolutbank

Interests: fuel and energy complex, recreation and entertainment, woodworking, real estate, investments

18. Nikolai Martynov

59 years old (1956)
Vitebsk

General Director of LLC "Managing Company of the Holding" Belarusian Leather and Footwear Company "Marko", Member of the Supervisory Board of JSC "Belinvestbank"

Interests: shoes, retail, real estate

19. Valentin Baiko

45 years old (1970)
Grodno

Chairman of the general meeting of participants of JLLC "Conte Spa"

Interests: textiles, real estate, retail, leisure and entertainment

20. Dmitry Baiko

Grodno

Deputy General Director of JLLC "Conte Spa"

Interests: Textile, real estate, retail, leisure and entertainment

21. Valery Shumsky

55 years old (1960)
Moscow, Russia)

Chairman of the Board of Directors of Yukola Group of Companies

Interests: fuel and energy complex, recreation and entertainment

22. Sergey Savitsky

49 years old (1966)
Minsk

General Director of Atlant-M International Automobile Holding LLC

Interests: retail

23. Oleg Khusaenov

51 years old (1964)
Minsk

General Director of Zubr Capital LLC, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Atlant-M International Automobile Holding LLC

The development of the Belarusian economy is incomprehensible until today. The country, which most European and American leaders consider to be the "remnants of tyranny", due to the restrictions on democratic freedoms, has a fairly strong and stable bureaucracy. Among such representatives of an elite society, there is a certain proportion of people who have numerous monetary savings in their assets. Who are the most rich people in Belarus?

Versions regarding Belarusian billionaires

Some researchers on the Internet suggest that rich people of this country are the representatives of the authorities. Officials were able to secretly divide spheres of influence at the end of the last century, and now their numerous fortunes are equated to billions. On the other hand, Ezhedenevnik, a Belarusian publication published on the Internet, explored a different strategy for the development of the capitalist hierarchy.

List of the richest people in Belarus

Later, in 2013, a new list of rich people in Belarus . It is worth noting that experts carefully monitored commercial activity influential people in the country. Based on the research, the following conclusions were drawn:

- the first place belongs to Yuri Chizh - an important figure, the chief executive of the board of directors of "Tripe", which includes a large number of companies.

- the second place belongs to Alexander Shakutkin - the main person of the board of directors of OAO "Amkord-Holding Management Company".

- Honorable third place belongs to Vitaly Arbuzov, representing Fenox Global Group and Fenox Venture Capital.

– the fourth place was given to Pavel Topuzdis, who focuses on healthcare, real estate, recreation, etc. Find out:

Vladimir Matikevich

Over 7.5 billion rubles (about $3.8 million) were received by the treasury of the Republic of Belarus as a result of declaring the total annual income for the past year. This is almost a billion more than the previous one! Such data was presented by the Deputy Minister for Taxes and Dues, Mr. Alexander Doroshenko, at a press conference at the National Press Center. Almost 160 thousand citizens reported their income to the state, of which more than 70 thousand were individual entrepreneurs.

The declaration of dollar millionaires did not reveal. Only 3,698 who filed a declaration received income taxed under maximum rate- thirty%. The average percentage of withdrawal to taxable income, as reported at a press conference by the head of the department individuals MNS, Mrs. Galina Radyukevich, - 13.7%. At the same time, having complained; our earnings are not so great ... ..

However, according to unofficial data from the same ministry, today more than a hundred dollar millionaires live in the Republic of Belarus, whose total capital is more than 14 billion dollars, or 3.5 of the Belarusian budget.

Such amounts were earned on the transit of gas, oil, the “correct” customs clearance of goods and the sale of confiscated property, construction, the alcohol and tobacco business, the sale of weapons, the food market, the flower market, the sale of timber, fertilizers, land and the “protection” of the entire criminal business - “excusing ”, hitting competitors, tearing up contracts and 10% of the implementation of these contracts, obtaining licenses or depriving them, carrying out planned and unscheduled inspections and so on and so forth. Among underground millionaires the lion's share is made up of officials and those who, according to official duties should stop such squandering of the people's wealth. At the same time, the official salary of this category does not exceed $ 500 per month. Naturally, from the data earned by overwork Money, no taxes were levied.

And so, who are they, the richest people in Belarus?

1. Alexander Lukashenko - President of Belarus - $11.4 billion

2. Vladimir Peftiev - businessman - 900 million dollars.

3. Ivan Titenkov - former Presidential Administration - 420 million dollars.

4. Viktor Sheiman - Prosecutor General - $397 million

5. Mikhail Myasnikovich - President of the Academy of Sciences - 290 million dollars.

6. Victor Lagvinets - businessman - 175 million dollars.

7. Filaret - Patriarchal Exarch of Belarus - 47.3 million dollars

8. Yuri Chizh - businessman - 46.0 million dollars.

9. Mikhail Borovoy - Minister of Transport and Communications - $26.3 million

10. Alexey Vaganov - deputy - businessman - 23.6 million dollars.

11. Vladimir Alexandrovich General Director "Itera - Bel" - 21.9 million dollars.

12. Galina Zhuravkova - former Presidential Administration - 21.6 million dollars.

13. George Kashkan - former employee Managers - $19.4 million

14. Petr Prokopovich - head of the National Bank - 18.8 million dollars.

15. Sergei Sidorsky - Prime Minister - $16.7 million

16. Tamara Vinnikova - ex-head of the National Bank - 15.8 million dollars.

17. Vladimir Konoplev - Deputy Speaker of the Parliament - 14.3 million dollars.

18. Alexander Shpilevsky - head of the State Customs Committee - 12.4 million dollars.

19. Peter Rooster - hands. Beltransgaz 10.6 million USD

20. Alexander Lyakhov - hands. "Belarusneft" 10.2 million dollars

21. Leonid Kozik - Chairman of Trade Unions - 9.9 million dollars.

22. Sergey Kostyuchenko - Priorbank - 9.3 million dollars.

23. Yuri Matusevich - "Belaya Rus" - 8.3 million dollars.

24. Nikolai Domashkevich - Governor of the Minsk region. - 8.1 million dollars.

25. Vladimir Andreichenko - Governor of the Vitebsk region. - 7.9 million dollars.

26. Anatoly Tozik - hands. State Control - 7.5 million dollars.

27. Vladimir Savchenko - Governor of the Grodno region. - 7.3 million dollars.

28. Sergey Litvin - businessman - 7.3 million dollars.

29. Vasily Dolgolev - ex. Guber. Brest region - 7.2 million dollars.

30. Leonid Erin - Chairman of the KGB - 6.9 million dollars.

31. Yuri Sivakov - Minister of Sports - $6.7 million

32. Roman Vnuchko - former banker and vice-premier - 6.7 million dollars.

33. Leonid Getsenok - "Khimvolokno" - 6.3 million dollars.

34. Konstantin Gisyak - Khimvolokno - $ 6.3 million

35. Nikolai Korbut - Minister of Finance - 5.3 million dollars.

36. Valery Langov - Azot - $ 6.2 million

37. Victor Kamenkov - before. higher household ships - 6.2 million dollars.

38. Valentin Gurinovich - director of MAZ - 6.2 million dollars.

39. Leonid Glukhovsky - before. Corollary Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs - 6.1 million dollars.

40. Leonid Kalugin - President of CJSC "Atlant" - 6.1 million dollars.

41. Victor Moroz - gene. Director of "Belshina" - 6.1 million dollars.

42. Vladimir Semashko - Deputy Prime Minister - 6.1 million dollars.

43. Mikhail Pavlov - mayor of Minsk - 6.1 million dollars.

44. Viktor Rakhmanko - ex. hands Bel. wish. roads - 6.0 million dollars.

45. Leonid Kucheryavy - gene. Director of "Crystal" - 6.0 million dollars.

46. Vladimir Grigoriev - Ambassador of Belarus to Russia - 5.9 million dollars.

47. Vladimir Goncharenko - Minister of Communications - 5.6 million dollars.

48. Nikolai Skutov - deputy - businessman - 5.5 million dollars.

49. Pavel Yakubovich - ch. editor of "Soviet Belarus" - 4.7 million dollars.

50. Ivan Bambiza - Vice Prime Minister - $4.6 million

51. Vladimir Boyko - ex. prev. Supreme Household. Vessels - 4.6 million dollars

52. Andrey Klimov - businessman - 4.5 million dollars.

53. Nikolay Korotkevich - deputy. Secretary of the Security Council - 3.8 million dollars.

54. Stepan Sukharenko - trans. deputy Chairman of the KGB - 3.7 million dollars.

55. Egor Rybakov - ex. hands nat. state teleradiocomp. - 3.6 million dollars

56. Sergei Gaidukevich - Chairman of the LDPB - 3.4 million dollars. [...]

Lukashenka's oligarchs or what do the richest people of Belarus earn on?

Stepan Sukhovenko

Top 13 Belarusian oligarchy

And who in Belarus today makes up a small "class" of the richest people? All friends and associates of President Lukashenko. After all, as already mentioned, only the presidential will and the corresponding decree opens the way to real wealth. Among the national oligarchs, it is impossible to find representatives of the directors' corps (although the "anti-corruption" machine fights against them) and representatives of the political opposition (although the government media regularly tell "horror stories" about foreign multimillion-dollar grant funding for the opposition). Let us allow ourselves to make a rating of real Belarusian oligarchs.

Galina Anisimovna Zhuravkova, ex-head of the Office of the President. She has just left the KGB detention center, where she was placed on charges of large-scale abuse, fraud, and bribery. Zhuravkova came to "big power" in 2001 and in a matter of months managed to redistribute many profitable markets in her favor. So, her "guys" took control of the wholesale markets for grain, coal, timber, fish. Zhuravkova had a network of her own stores selling, among other things, confiscated goods. She quickly claimed an oil quota for herself. And later it turned out that Galina Anisimovna legally owns 0.9% of the shares of the Beltransgaz transit company. And that was just the beginning. She almost succeeded in persuading Lukashenka to "nomenklatura privatization" of oil refineries in order to subsequently resell these enterprises to Russians at a significantly higher price. But this active person did not at all take into account the needs of other "favorite oligarchs" from the president's entourage. On which she got burned, despite the trusting relationship with Lukashenka himself and his women.

Viktor Vladimirovich Sheiman, Prosecutor General of Belarus. Senior associate of the president. His confidante. legal education received in absentia, already being the chief prosecutor of the country. But intelligence and erudition have never been Sheiman's virtue. But the ability to take control of a specific business and turn it into a well-established "gray scheme" cannot be taken away from Viktor Vladimirovich. His interests are extremely multifaceted. Through Beltechexport, Sheiman controlled the entire Belarusian (legal and not so) arms trade. Has an interest in profits mobile operator"MCS". Actively works in the markets of energy offsets, supplies of scrap to a metallurgical plant, supplies food products to the capital. Actively, through his brother and personally, he develops a border network of confiscated goods.

Ivan Ivanovich Titenkov, ex-head of the Office of the President. Now he lives in the Russian capital and is extremely dissatisfied with the behavior of his former partner Lukashenka. And why would Titenkov be dissatisfied? Before the era of Lukashenka, Ivan Ivanovich himself was a failed businessman of the middle class. And only with the help of Alexander Grigorievich he reached unimaginable heights. Crushed under itself many consumer markets, tourism, trade in tobacco and alcohol products, the capital market of real estate and office space. Through his department, there was a distribution of space for shops in the capital, as well as quotas for the supply of certain categories of goods. Again, he went too far in the end and was forced to shamefully flee to Moscow.

Vladimir Nikolaevich Konoplev, Vice Speaker of the National Assembly. A modest and quiet rural district policeman, who was not even trusted with a gun, suddenly got access to serious resources. He quickly took one of the main places in the market of building materials and medicines. And also in the construction market of prestigious facilities in Minsk. Taking the opportunity to travel abroad as part of parliamentary delegations, he established contacts with adventurous European businessmen (especially from Belgium). Sometimes, however, he burrowed into the pharmaceutical market. But he quickly realized that the current Minister of Health, Lyudmila Postoyalko, is much closer to the president than Konoplev himself. That is why he ceded part of his “pharmaceutical” ambitions to the provincial minister.

Viktor Logvinets, owner of the trading and financial holding "Konto-Group". Confidant of Ivan Titenkov. The Logvinets holding was engaged in the development of dozens of profitable areas: the supply of building materials, automotive equipment, food products, etc. For a long time, he provided the president's considerable personal needs in clothing and food. Fled from Belarus with Ivan Titenkov when the latter fell into disgrace.

Vladimir Pavlovich Peftiev, the constant curator of "Beltechexport", the main operator of all trade and gun deals in Belarus, the closest partner of Sheiman. Peftiev made money selling weapons even when Lukashenko unsuccessfully managed the Gorodets state farm. Alexander Grigoryevich, immediately after winning the presidential election-94, wanted to change Peftiev for his man, but quickly realized that Sergei Petrovich's companions could shoot him for such a thing. After that, the "new friends" sat down at the negotiating table and worked out a scheme for sharing profits.

Yuri Chizh, the owner of the favorite diversified holding Triple. He regularly plays hockey with the president. At the request of the latter, he actively finances the Belarusian national football team and the Dynamo football club. Regularly fights for oil and gas quotas. Works in the food market. Invariably replenishes the “common fund of the president”, and at the same time his real estate and deposits.

Vladimir Alexandrovich, ex-deputy of the National Assembly, "owner" of the once high-profile Itera-Bel company. For a long time it was a kind of monopolist in the market of "gas speculations". Until a conflict broke out with the president of the Russian Itera, Igor Viktorovich Makarov. But Alexandrovich quickly regained his position, and now he is actively attacking not only the gas market, but also the oil and confiscated markets. He is one of the president's closest friends.

Mikhail Vladimirovich Myasnikovich, former head of presidential administration Lukashenko. Today he is the head of the National Academy of Sciences. He has always had a specific material interest in the banking, trade and transit and raw materials (oil) businesses. For a long time he was an intermediary for a number of Russian shadow industrial and financial groups, representing their interests in Belarus. Therefore, Lukashenka was never “eaten up”. Although he posed a considerable threat to Alexander Grigorievich, as he oversaw the nomenclature, had substantial money and had access to Russia. But Mikhail Vladimirovich is an extremely subtle opportunist, and therefore he still managed to negotiate with Lukashenka.

Irina Abelskaya, former personal physician to the president. Today, her status has grown significantly. She is no longer just a personal doctor, but also the closest, let's say, friend of Alexander Grigoryevich. Officially, he is the head of the special polyclinic for servicing higher officials states. In reality, he has a much greater influence on Belarusian politics. According to some information, it is through Abelskaya that the purchase of real estate abroad is carried out for the future quiet life of Lukashenka in retirement. Abelskaya is also actively playing in the markets of paid medical services(especially, she is interested in such a profitable industry as cosmetology) and pharmaceuticals.

Alexey Vaganov, current member of the National Assembly, owner of the group trading companies. He actively worked in the Iraqi direction "oil in exchange for ..." A typical example of a Belarusian secretive businessman who got the opportunity to work in the domestic market in exchange for a mandatory deduction of a "percentage of transactions." This percentage goes to a special fund the President. The president himself is indifferent to people like Vaganov, but he demands regular payments for the right to work.

Alexander Shpilevsky, Head of the State Customs Committee. Dramatically increased the "profitability" of the State Customs Committee, literally flooded the republic with confiscated goods, quarreled Belarus with all countries that transited through Belarusian territory. Participates personally or through intermediaries in all "gray" cross-border transactions. He turned the State Customs Committee into a "confiscatory machine", regularly replenishing the personal safe and the president's safe with income from stolen goods. Fulfills special orders of high-ranking officials to provide their wives and children with confiscated expensive (at a price of at least 75 thousand dollars) vehicles. In terms of the number of respectable foreign cars, Minsk will give odds to Moscow. But the owners are all entirely the father's entourage.

And, finally, the most important oligarch of Belarus - Alexander Grigoryevich Lukashenko. This man periodically makes statements that he lives only on a salary and is the most honest and pure (in moral terms) president in the world. At the same time, he manages to transfer most of his salary to orphanages. If you want to believe it, believe it. But in fact, he receives interest from all - legal and criminal - transactions. Resale of Russian gas within Belarus, re-export of refinery products, sales of food products, tobacco products without paying taxes, trade in confiscated goods, any cargo transit, arms deals around the world, sales of shareholdings state enterprises- only Lukashenka can give permission for all this. After all, he does not hide the fact that he has built a system in which decisions are made by one person. This means that in order to bring a carload of alcohol to Belarus and sell it without paying taxes, the president's signature is needed. And you have to pay to sign. Such is the law of nature. Why should we doubt this and why should we believe in the crystal honesty of a man named Lukashenka? As a rule, Lukashenka prefers to keep his money in cash in a home safe. Part of the money is in the safes of foreign banks. Something else is hidden in Cuba, where his children, “friend” Abelskaya and “comrade-in-arms” Sheiman, periodically fly with private visits. Undoubtedly, only one thing - it is Lukashenka who owns the largest Belarusian fortune.

The answer to the question in the title is not difficult. In Belarus, you can make good money only by being close to President Lukashenko. If you play hockey with him or go skiing together, then after a while you will definitely get your piece of “state property” in “perpetual possession”. Earn yourself, regularly deduct the due "godfather" and most importantly - be silent ...

Belarus has its own oligarchs. Naturally, the government press does not write about them. They are not included in the ratings of "Forbes billionaires". They are not allowed to make statements and buy English football clubs.

But they are very influential and have very decent fortunes. Influential Belarusians have a lot of free money. True, unlike their Russian counterparts, who invest all their available funds in production assets, buy raw materials deposits, build financial and production holdings, Belarusian oligarchs keep all their fortunes in “cash” or on other people’s “sleeping” accounts. This is "dead" money. Only entertainment, underground vacations abroad and haute couture clothes for wives / daughters. Ambition and intelligence are clearly not enough.

In Belarus, unlike Russia, a real “oligarchic capitalism” has been built. A small group of people has, on the one hand, all the fullness of political and economic power, and on the other hand, it controls everything. financial flows and production and transit capacities of the republic. The redistribution of influence and resources within Belarus happened quickly and fit into just one "five-year plan". Having proposed the concept of "strong presidential power", Lukashenka immediately got the opportunity, by direct presidential decrees, to endow his "partners" with tidbits of state property, transit highways, consumer markets, and construction projects. Behind the scenes, of course. And it's all about the development strategy of the national oligarchy. For example, in Russia, local oligarchs not only actively built their "resource empires", but also tried to influence public opinion, lavishly and aggressively buying up electronic and print media. In Belarus, all the media eventually ended up in the same hands - the government took public opinion under strict control. To build "oligarchic communities" the monopolization of the media is vital, and therefore Lukashenka's struggle with independent newspapers was part of a far-sighted strategy. After all, what happened in Russia? there in in large numbers the so-called “information wars” began, when the newspapers of one oligarch depict in detail the secret affairs and luxurious lifestyle of oligarch No. 2. These wars greatly electrified public opinion, which, moreover, knew by heart the names of 30-50 oligarchs, allegedly guilty of impoverishing the bulk of the Russians. In Belarus, the “new oligarchs” did not say a word about each other in public. As a rule, they transferred the showdown to Lukashenka's office or home residence. And only in these two sacred places there was a real calculation of who earned and how much, and it also turned out how much the president himself was deceived. [...]

Classic Belarusian "spiders"

In Belarus, the oligarchy developed along a more traditional path. In this country, there was also a redistribution of property and behind-the-scenes distribution of attractive production assets among “their own”. But all this was done not just secretly, but absolutely silently. In complete darkness and with the deathly silence of the media. The Belarusian oligarchs did not have to corrupt the state apparatus - they were the basis, the foundation of this apparatus. Oligarchs in Belarus are officials. Isn't this the pinnacle of the development of the national oligarchy? One hand signs the permit, the other counts the profits. Local oligarchs, we must give them their due, quickly developed four mandatory "rules of conduct" that guarantee complete security for the "court business". Failure to comply with these rules leads to expulsion from the "untouchable caste". Something similar has already happened to a friend and the first "purse of the president" Ivan Titenkov. And now the procedure for "expelling the traitor" has been launched in relation to the second "purse of the president" Galina Zhuravka. Well, sometimes the untouchables go too far. And their public purge adds points to Lukashenka's endless fight against corruption (as a rule, self-cultivated).

So, the Belarusian oligarchs have developed the following security measures.

The first rule of the oligarchy: godfather (Lukashenko) is always right. You can't be offended by him. And he should regularly receive his share from any, even the most insignificant, transaction.

Rule two: you need to live in the shadows. No public disclosures and verbal skirmishes. No "dumps of compromising evidence" in the newspapers. Although this sometimes happens. But the most "bloody" fights between oligarchs take place on the sidelines. Analytical notes and denunciations against each other, followed by a call to the dark cherry carpet of the president - the daily real life of the new elite. Zhuravkova too brazenly crushed someone else's "property" - the republican markets for tobacco, alcohol, sugar, fish, coal - and therefore was mercilessly eaten by other oligarchs.

The third rule: society must naively believe that all large production and transit facilities in the country have remained in state (people's) property. For this, it was necessary to recreate a gigantic propaganda apparatus. You no longer believe that the Belarusian Metallurgical Plant belongs to the people? Then we come to you with our agitators, political informants, ideologists, television observers and the president's personal message on this issue.

Rule four: no alternative political or financial-industrial groups should exist in the country. Belarusian oligarchs are especially afraid of the arrival of Russian oligarch colleagues in Belarus. After all, the Russians are much more professional and aggressive, and therefore, for sure, in a matter of months they will push the Belarusian "smaller brothers" to the backyard. This is the true reason for Lukashenka's hysterical conflict with the Russian concerns Baltika, Lukoil, Gazprom and others. Dwarf oligarchs are afraid of oligarchs with a Russian passport.

And something else about the difference between the two types of oligarchy. Russian oligarchs invest their money in production, increase turnover, build a strategic business, think about the growth of the capitalization of their business. They started with crime, but they are trying to become respectable, legalize themselves in the world business markets. Belarusian oligarchs keep money in safes at home and absolutely do not want to put it into real work. The typical behavior of "spiders" is to drink other people's juices, to draw out the last profits from rapidly aging Belarusian industries. While they still produce what can be sold. Our oligarchs make money on special presidential decrees, and this is not a business. This is classic corruption. And this money is not for the modernization of production, but to satisfy personal needs - trips to Slovenian ski resorts, the acquisition of property in Spain, the ownership of a personal "night club" in Minsk. Belarusian oligarchs are completely mediocre, and therefore they are able to receive money only through criminal schemes. Unlike the Russians, they do not want legalization of income and do not want to be recognizable. [...]

But all of the above people have something to lose. Only in this system, when everything is done in the shadows, opaque and on the personal orders of the president, they can receive fabulous profits. And they are not afraid that public opinion will find out about something. Their habitat is a muddy pond. That's why they cling to power so stubbornly. After all, the arrival of a new president or the strengthening of the positions of parliament will inevitably lead to an investigation of their financial crimes.

Business in the Republic of Belarus has developed rapidly over the past 25 years. Of course, the richest people in Belarus prefer not to advertise their income, so most of them choose to live outside their homeland. In this state with a population of 9.5 million people there are more than 10 thousand millionaires.

Andrey Melnichenko

Andrey Melnichenko heads the rating of the wealthiest people in Belarus. Despite his Russian citizenship, Forbes magazine ranks Andrei Igorevich among the Belarusian businessmen, because he was born in the city of Gomel. Its capital is 10.1 billion dollars for 2016.

Mr. Melnichenko began his career in 1991 as a student at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics at Moscow State University. Then he created the travel company "Sputnik". Now Andrei Igorevich has a 90% stake in Eurochem, the same percentage of shares in Siberian Coal Energy Company and Siberian Generating Company. All 3 enterprises have a huge influence in Russia and the world.

Behind Last year the businessman slightly lost his position in the Forbes world ranking. Andrey Melnichenko is ranked 139th in the world compared to 137th last year.

Dmitry Mazepin ranks second in the ranking the richest people Belarus with a capital of 1.4 billion dollars. A native of the city of Minsk also has Russian citizenship. In addition, he was a deputy of the Kirov Regional Assembly for 2 years (2012-2014).

Dmitry Mazepin

Dmitry Arkadyevich has 2 higher educations: the Minsk Suvorov Military School, MGIMO and the Faculty of Management of St. Petersburg University. Mr. Mazepin began his business career in 1992 with the insurance company Infinstrakh. Today he owns 95% of the shares of Uralchem, 20% of Uralkali and 20% of Onexim. The businessman is also known for being included in the top list of Russian billionaire philanthropists, taking 7th place in it.

Other billionaires

The native Minsker Viktor Kisly is known to the world community as the president of the Wargaming.net company. Without changing his Belarusian citizenship, he moved to Cyprus, from where he conducts his business. Children's hobby computer games brought the businessman a fortune of $ 1.5 billion.

To date, Viktor is the youngest billionaire in Belarus, he is 39 years old. A physicist by training, Kisly started his business in 1998 when he founded Wargaming.net. The most successful product of the company was the game "World of tanks". By 2012, the company had acquired shares in many other US and European gaming firms. In the world list of Forbes magazine, Viktor Kisly takes 701st place.

Mikhail Abyzov, a native of the Belarusian capital, entered the ranking of the richest people in Belarus, being a prominent politician Russian Federation and also a US citizen. His fortune is estimated at $1.2 billion.

Mikhail Abyzov

Mikhail Anatolyevich organized his first company when he was still a freshman at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow State University in 1990. Then he was engaged in the trade of Turkish consumer goods. To date, Mr. Abyzov has assets in large companies in the field of energy (Elsib, Sibeko), agriculture(“Kopitanie”) and construction (“Dalmostostroy”).

Forbes magazine annually compiles a list of the world's most influential personalities. These are several dozen people on whom the course of world history depends.

"Influence" is a very vague category, so the experts rely on four main criteria. This is the number of people under the control of a particular person, the amount of resources at her disposal, including financial ones, these are areas of public life under her influence, as well as the activity with which the nominee uses his power.

For the past two years, US President Barack Obama has been on the first step of the Forbes ranking.

Many states have their own "hit parades" of influence, including our neighbors Ukraine and Lithuania. Compiling influence ratings has become a tradition there. They allow you to track changes in the life of the country. They are also of interest to the persons involved in the rating.

Nasha Niva tried to compile such a rating for Belarus. To do this, we invited a dozen experts from various fields and political platforms.

Our list of the most influential Belarusians reflects the social life of the country at the beginning of 2013. We started compiling it in January.

In the conditions of an authoritarian state model, it is incredibly difficult for a person who is not connected with the authorities to break into the first positions. Do not be surprised that the leaders of the rating are entirely security officials and officials, as well as businessmen from their entourage.

Compiling such a list in an authoritarian regime has its own specifics.

In a democratic country, power is distributed among various institutions and their leaders, who balance each other and are equal before the law.

Therefore, in the ranking of influence, for example in America, Obama will have 2%, Vice President Biden - 0.5%, and all other citizens will account for 97.5%. In Belarus, one person has 60%, almost unlimited power, he can make and implement, one might say, any decisions, and the weight of all other citizens taken together is much less.

However, they also mean something. Even if they are in prison and see the sun once a year. That is why the experts almost unanimously included a number of names of political prisoners in the Top 100, including Statkevich, Byalyatsky, Sevyarynets.

At the same time, the positions of many officials and businessmen from the top of the list are not very strong. The rating position is often associated with the position held by a person, and not with his personality.

Sheiman, Makei, Sidorsky, Rumas, Konoplev - there are very few people who made it to the list regardless of their positions.

Absolutely all our experts placed Alexander Lukashenko in the first line of the rating.

In general, we believe that the compilation of such a rating is not without meaning. Nevertheless, the formation of a young political class, as well as a business class, is a very important process for the formation of a nation, and it is important to track it, despite the fact that individuals may fall into the focus of attention accidentally or undeservedly.

Top 100 Influential People in Belarus

1. - the head of the country.

2. - Assistant to the President for Security Affairs.

3. - prime minister.

4. - Chairman of the KGB.

5. - Head of the Presidential Administration.

6. - Minister of Foreign Affairs.

7. - businessman, owner of the Triple company.

8. - Head of the Presidential Security Service.

9. - First Deputy Prime Minister.

10. - managing director of the president's affairs.

11. - Chairman of the Minsk Regional Executive Committee.

12. - Chairman of the State Control Committee.

13. - Minister of the Interior.

14. - businessman, former owner"Beltechexport".

15. - Deputy Prime Minister.

16. - Chairman of the National Bank.

17. - Minister of Defense.

18. - Head of the Operational and Analytical Center under the President.

19. - businessman, chairman of the board of the board of Amkodor.

20. - Assistant to the President.

21. - Chairman of the Minsk City Executive Committee.

22. - editor-in-chief of the newspaper "SB. Belarus today.

23. - State Secretary of the Security Council.

24. - Chairman of the Central Election Commission.

25. chief physician medical commissions.

26. - Chairman of the Presidential Sports Club.

27. - former head coach of the hockey "Youth".

28. - Chairman of the Grodno Regional Executive Committee.

29. - Chairman of the Brest Regional Executive Committee.

30. - Chairman of the Vitebsk Regional Executive Committee.

31. - Chairman of the Board of Priorbank.

32. - Deputy Prime Minister.

33. - Attorney General.

34. - Chairman of the Gomel Regional Executive Committee.

35. - Chairman of the State Customs Committee.

36. - General Director of ONT.

37. - Minister of Economy.

38. - Chairman of the Handball Federation.

39. - Chairman of the Mogilev Regional Executive Committee.

40. - singer, leader of the Lyapis Trubetskoy group.

41. - dyrektar of the Pharmaceutical-Analytical Center of the Presidential Administration.

42. - General Representative of Univest in the CIS countries.

43. - the youngest son of the leader of the country.

44. - former prime minister.

45. - general director BATE, head of the BATE football club.

46. - First Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration, leader of "Belaya Rus".

47. - Assistant to the President for Affairs physical culture, sports and tourism development.

48. - assistant to the president for ideology.

49. - First Vice President of the National Olympic Committee.

50. - Orthodox Metropolitan of Minsk and Slutsk, exarch of all Belarus.

51. Vladimir Andreichenko- Speaker of the House of Representatives.

52. Anatoly Kalinin- Deputy Prime Minister.

53. Andrey Harkovets- Minister of Finance.

54. Sergei Gurulev- Chairman of the State Military-Industrial Committee of Belarus.

55. Alexander Boechko- Chairman of the State Border Committee.

56. Alexander Moshensky- the owner of the enterprises "Santa Bremor" and "Savushkin Product".

57. Tadeusz Kondrusiewicz- Catholic Metropolitan of Minsk-Mogilev, archbishop.

58. Nikolai Statkevich- political prisoner, ex-presidential candidate.

59. Sergei Rumas- Chairman of the Board of the Development Bank of Belarus, Chairman of the Football Federation.

60. Ales Bialiatsky- Political prisoner, human rights activist, Nobel Prize nominee.

61. Pavel Severinets- political prisoner, co-chairman of Christian Democracy.

62. Oleg Proleskovsky- Minister of Information.

63. Yuri Zisser- owner of the portal tut.by.

64. Svetlana Kalinkina- Chief editor of the newspaper "Narodnaya Volya".

65. Zenon Pazniak- Leader of the Conservative Christian Party BPF, political emigrant.

66. Andrey Tur- Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration.

67. Vitaly Arbuzov- Owner of Fenox Automative Gmbh.

68. Viktor Zuraev- Commander of the special unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for combating terrorism "Almaz".

69. Alexander Milinkevich- leader of the "For Freedom" movement.

70. Zhanna Litvina- Chairman of the Belarusian Association of Journalists.

71. Yuri Karaev- Deputy Minister of the Interior.

72. Viktor Kamenkov- Chairman of the Supreme Economic Court.

73. Valentin Sukalo- President of the Supreme Court.

74. Victoria Azarenko- tennis player

75. Pavel Latushko- Ambassador of Belarus to France.

76. Khasalbek Atabekov- commander of military unit No. 3214.

77. Oleg Khusaenov- the owner of the Zubr Capital company.

78. Valery Ivanov- General Director of the Belarusian Potash Company.

79. Sergey Maskevich- Minister of education.

80. Evgeny Shigalov- Director of the market "Zhdanovichi".

81. Joseph Seredich- editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Narodnaya Volya".

82. Valery Tsepkalo- Director of the Belarusian Hi-Tech Park.

83. Arkady Dobkin- President of EPAM Systems.

84. Lyavon Volsky- singer, composer

85. Fedor Full- Orthodox archpriest.

86. Valentin Shaev- Chairman of the Investigative Committee.

87. Natalia Radina- Editor-in-Chief of the Charter-97 website.

88. Vitaly Shuravko- the owner of the portal Onliner.by.

89. Vladimir Neklyaev- poet, politician, leader of the "Tell the Truth" campaign.

90. Sergey Pisarik- Chairman of the Board of Belarusbank.

91. Sergei Ablameyko- Rector of the Belarusian State University.

92. Vladimir Shimov- Rector of the Belarusian State Economic University.

93. Pavel Topuzidis- the owner of "Tabak-Invest" and the network shopping centers"Crown".

94. Sergei Teterin- Alyaksandr Lukashenka's tennis coach.

95. Alexander Ozerets- Minister of Energy.

96. Anatoly Lebedko- Chairman of the United Civil Party.

97. Vladimir Orlov- writer.

98. Sergei Musienko- sociologist, head of the EcooM Analytical Center.

99. Alexey Vaganov- owner of the company "Lada Garant".

100. Vasily Zharko- Minister of Health.

Among the representatives of an independent society in the first half of the hundred was only musician Sergei Mikhalok.

Among the opposition figures, the highest positions were occupied by Mikalai Statkevich (58th place), Ales Bialiatski (60th), Pavel Severinets (61st). It is on their fate that further relations with Western countries depend. Ales Byalyatsky last year was one of the nominees for the Nobel Prize.

The low places of security officials Alexander Boechko (55th) and Valentin Shaev (86th) can be explained by the fact that they have only recently held their positions.

The people are not the most famous. And Shaev had not yet been appointed to the Investigative Committee at all when the editors began to conduct this survey.

In the second part of the list, there were quite a few representatives of the media sphere.

The owner of Tut.by, Yury Zisser, took 65th place, followed immediately by publicist, editor-in-chief of Narodnaya Volya Svetlana Kalinkina. The editor-in-chief of this newspaper, Iosif Seredich, got 81st place. Vitaliy Shuravko, owner of the onliner.by portal, ranked 88th. A step above him is the head of the opposition website Charter-97, Natalia Radina.

Of the clergy, in addition to Philaret, the Catholic Archbishop Tadeusz Kondrusiewicz also got on the list, who publicly uses the Belarusian language everywhere.

There is also the Orthodox archpriest Fyodor Polny, who recently vacationed in Sochi with Lukashenka. Father Fedor in 2008 wanted to be nominated as a deputy of the Council of the Republic, but did not receive the consent of Filaret.

Judges Viktor Kamenkov and Valentin Sukalo were seated nearby. 72nd and 73rd places, respectively, may indicate the dependence of the judiciary on the executive branch.

Only one acting athlete got into the top 100 - tennis player Victoria Azarenka (74th),

who never speaks out on political or social topics. Sports include Sergei Teterin (94th), who once helped Alexander Lukashenko learn to play tennis. In the 1990s, tennis was a popular sport in the Kremlin.

Lyavon Volsky presents music (84th), and Vladimir Orlov (97th) - literature. There is a pro-government analyst Sergei Musienko on the list, who often voices new ideas of the establishment (98th).

Business in the second half of the rating is also present. These are the owner of the Savushkin Product and Santa Bremor enterprises, the Honorary Consul of Iceland in Belarus Alexander Moshensky (56th) and the creator of the EPAM Systems competitive programming company in the West Arkady Dobkin (83rd), as well as their "colleagues" - millionaires.

Of the rectors, only Sergei Ablameyko from BSU (91st) and Vladimir Shimov from BSEU (92nd) were able to get on the list.

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