JSC Arsenal Design Bureau named after M. V. Frunze(JSC Arsenal Design Bureau; until February 1, 2017 - FGUP Arsenal Design Bureau named after M.V. Frunze; formerly TsKB-7) - a design bureau formed on November 21, 1949 on the basis of the design departments of the plant " Arsenal" and divisions of the Naval Artillery Central Design Bureau as the head enterprise of the defense industry. It traces its history back to the "Cannon Foundry Workshops" founded by Peter the Great in 1711. Today KB Arsenal is one of the leading developers and manufacturers of space technology, shipborne artillery and launchers.

Developments

The design bureau " Arsenal "(TsKB-7).

Already in 1951, the first gun SM-24-ZIF successfully passed fire tests, and in 1953 it was put into service. For ten s small years The design bureau created a number of shipborne anti-aircraft guns: 45 mm single-barreled high-speed fire SM-21-ZIF; four-gun deck guns open type SM-20-ZIF (caliber 45 mm) and ZIF-75 (caliber −57 mm); tower two-gun guns AK-725 (caliber - 57 mm) and AK-726 (caliber - 76.2 mm) for firing at air, sea and coastal targets and other installations.

In the second half of the 1960s, when the Navy needed 100 mm and 130 mm fully mechanized turret guns with a rate of fire of 40-60 rounds per minute (which was almost 4 times higher than the rate of fire of previously existing guns of this caliber), Arsenal Design Bureau began developing new AU. As a result, the single-gun AK-100 (1978), the two-gun AK-130 (1985) were created and put into service. AK-725 and AK-726 created at Arsenal; The AK-100 and AK-130 have not yet been withdrawn from service with the Russian Navy, they are equipped with almost all ships of the Russian fleet. AK-130 guns are installed on the Russian cruisers Moskva, Marshal Ustinov, Peter the Great. AUs were supplied and are in service with a number of foreign countries: China, India, Syria, Algeria, Cuba and other countries. In addition, in the 1960s and 1970s Design Bureau "Arsenal" developed ship-based missile launchers of the ZIF-101 and ZIF-102 deck type (anti-aircraft missile system - SAM "Volna"), ZIF-122 (SAM "OSA-M"), as well as complexes for setting false targets: PK-16, PK-2M (ZIF-121), which were also repeatedly exported. The development of the OSA-M air defense system was awarded the State Prize.

In general, the plant and Arsenal Design Bureau created more than 20 types of automated artillery installations of caliber from 45 to 130 mm, as well as a number of ship-based rocket launchers for various purposes.

In the late 1950s, Arsenal began work on the creation of a complex of rocket weapons with solid-propellant ballistic missiles. Under the leadership of S.P. Korolev (OKB-1), work was carried out to create the 8K98 rocket, in which Arsenal took part in the development of the second-stage propulsion system. Separately, Arsenal carried out work on the creation of a 15P96 mobile missile system with an 8K96 missile. Later, under a separate government decree under the leadership of chief designer P. A. Tyurin, a modernized 15P098P missile system was created with a solid-fuel rocket 8K98P, which differs from 8K98 in combat equipment, the presence of a system to overcome the enemy’s anti-missile defense with new propulsion systems all levels and new system management. Upon completion of this work, Arsenal came up with a proposal to develop a complex of missile weapons with solid-propellant missiles for arming nuclear submarines. The work ended with the creation and commissioning of the D-11 complex with a solid-propellant ballistic missile by the Navy, which approved solid-fuel ballistic missiles as the new kind Navy weapons. After 1980, in connection with the transition to the creation of spacecraft, KB Arsenal stopped developing new DBKs.

Since 1969, "Arsenal" began to create space technology. In the early 1960s, the country's leadership set a fundamentally new task for science and industry to create the world's first all-weather space system for monitoring the waters of the World Ocean and issuing target designation for surface targets with data transfer directly to missile weapon carriers or ground points. Arsenal, busy at that time with the creation of artillery and missile systems, did not immediately connect to the new topic. However, already in 1969, the design documentation for the space complex, partially developed by NPOmash (Reutovo), was transferred to Arsenal and the development of design documentation directly to the spacecraft itself. In a short time, its specialists managed to ensure the release of design documentation for the spacecraft, to reconstruct and retrofit production capacity for the release of a completely new theme for the plant. The ICRC system included spacecraft (SC) of two types: US-P electronic intelligence with a solar power plant and US-A radar intelligence with a nuclear power plant (NPP). Flight design tests of the US-A spacecraft began in 1973, the US-P spacecraft - in 1974, and were put into operation in 1975 and 1978, respectively. In 1978, the space system was put into service in full. The successful results of the work performed by the Arsenal team served as the basis for the Government to take a decision to assign the status of the parent company to the enterprise to create space complexes observations. The space direction has become the main one for KB Arsenal. Simultaneously with the creation and production of its own spacecraft, Arsenal was connected to the program for the creation of photosurveillance spacecraft, the main developer of which is the SNP RCC TsSKB-Progress. Serial production of these spacecraft was organized at the Arsenal plant in the early 1980s.

As part of the Energia-Buran project, a fundamentally new design of digitally controlled hydraulic steering gears (RP) was developed at Arsenal to rotate the chambers of the RD-170 engine of the Energia launch vehicle (LV). In the development of this work, Arsenal later created steering gears, which are currently used as part of the RD-180 rocket engine on the Atlas 5 launch vehicle (USA). In the 1980s, Arsenal Design Bureau carried out work on the development and operation of spacecraft with nuclear power plants (NPPs). In 1987, successful flight design tests were carried out on two experimental Plasma-A spacecraft (Cosmos-1818 and Cosmos-1867) with a new powerful nuclear power plant Topaz (developed by NPO Krasnaya Zvezda).

In the 1990s, Arsenal Design Bureau took part in a space experiment to study bursts of cosmic gamma radiation using scientific equipment created by the A.F. Ioffe Physicotechnical Institute. The experiment was carried out within the framework of the joint Wind-Cony space program with the United States on two spacecraft Kosmos-2326 and Kosmos-2367 in the period 1995-2000, and on the third spacecraft Kosmos-2421 launched in 2006 . In addition, Arsenal developed and manufactured a special technological equipment for work with the Zenit-3SL upper stage (according to the Sea Launch project). Since 2000, KB Arsenal has been working on the creation of a new generation of spacecraft designed for remote sensing of the Earth and the study of the physics of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in near-Earth space, and also continues to work on the creation of shipborne artillery mounts of a new generation.

Management

• Antonov Nikolai Petrovich, head and chief designer of TsKB-7 (1949-1952).
• Lender Vladimir Frantsevich, acting head of TsKB-7 (1952-1953).
• Tyurin Petr Alexandrovich, head and chief designer of TsKB-7 (1953-1958), deputy. chief - chief designer of TsKB-7 (1958-1971).
• Semenov Vyacheslav Nikolaevich, head of TsKB-7 - director of experimental plant No. 7 named after M. V. Frunze (1958-1967).
• Ivanov Evgeny Konstantinovich, head of the Arsenal design bureau, director of the Arsenal machine-building plant named after M.V. Frunze (1967-1976).
• Arefiev Alexey Ivanovich, Head of Design Bureau "Arsenal" (1976-1980).
• Boroshnev Igor Nikolaevich, Head of Design Bureau "Arsenal" (1980-1983).
• Valov Yury Fedorovich, chief - chief designer of KB "Arsenal" (1983-1995).
• Poletaev Boris Ivanovich, chief - chief designer of FSUE KB Arsenal (1995-1997), general director-general designer of FSUE KB Arsenal (1997-2009).
• Sapego Mikhail Kimovich, General Director-General Designer of FSUE KB Arsenal (since 2009), General Director of FSUE KB Arsenal (2012-2013).
• Romanov Andrei Vasilievich, General Director of FSUE KB Arsenal (2013-2014).
• Kovalev Alexander Pavlovich, General Director of FSUE KB Arsenal (since August 27, 2015).
• Milkovsky Alexander Grigorievich, General Director of JSC KB Arsenal (since February 1, 2017) (acting General Director of FSUE KB Arsenal (06/01/2016-02/01/2017)).

Story

The Federal State Unitary Enterprise Arsenal Design Bureau named after M.V. Frunze (FSUE KB Arsenal) traces its history back to the cannon foundries founded by Peter the Great in 1711, where the first Russian cannons were designed and manufactured. army and navy. October 15, 2011 St. Petersburg "Arsenal" celebrated the 300th anniversary of its foundation. Arsenal Design Bureau (originally TsKB-7) was founded on November 21, 1949 on the basis of the design departments of the Arsenal plant and divisions of the Naval Artillery Central Design Bureau as the head enterprise of the defense industry. Since then, KB Arsenal has launched work on the creation the most complex systems and defense products. At present, FSUE KB Arsenal is one of the leading developers and manufacturers of space technology, shipborne artillery and launchers and is under the jurisdiction of the Federal Space Agency of Russia (Roscosmos). FSUE KB Arsenal is headed by CEO. The main activities of the design bureau are:

Creation of space complexes and space vehicles for various purposes;

Creation of shipborne automatic artillery and missile launchers.

To expand international cooperation in space activities, on the initiative of FSUE KB Arsenal, with the support of the Committee for Economic Development, Industrial Policy and Trade of the Administration of St. Petersburg, in June 2002, the Non-Commercial Partnership North European Space Consortium (NP SECC) was formed.

February 1, 2017 took place state registration Joint Stock Company Arsenal Design Bureau named after M.V. Frunze (JSC KB Arsenal named after M.V. Frunze). The company was created through the transformation of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Arsenal Design Bureau named after M.V. Frunze" in joint-stock company and is the assignee of FSUE KB Arsenal for all its obligations.

Milkovsky Alexander Grigoryevich was appointed General Director.

General Director, General Designer

Moskovchenko Leonid Vasilievich

Education:

• Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute named after V.I. Ulyanova (Lenin)
  Currently - St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI" named after. V. I. Ulyanova (Lenin)

Speciality:

• Gyroscopic instruments and devices

Academic degree:

• Candidate technical sciences majoring in "Mobile object control systems"

Since 1968 to 1990 permanently worked at the Research Institute of Command Instruments (NII KP) as an engineer, lead engineer, head of laboratory, deputy chief designer. With his direct participation since 1980. to 1990 were developed, introduced into production and passed field tests stabilization systems high-precision complexes of command instruments for a number of space objects and sea-based ballistic missiles, most of which are currently in service and ensure the defense capability of Russia.

Since 1991 is the general director and general designer of the enterprise OJSC NPO Karat. Under his leadership, the enterprise is engaged in the development and production of modern optoelectronic thermal television gyro-stabilized systems (TTGS) for various ship, ground and aviation complexes military purpose.

• Medal "For Valiant Labor" - (1970);
• Order of the Badge of Honor - (1978);
• Medal "Inventor of the USSR" - (1985);
• Title "Honored Inventor of the USSR" (1985);
• Medal "For long-term conscientious work" - (1991);
• Government Prize Russian Federation in the field of science and technology for 2009.

First Deputy General Director, P First Deputygeneral designer

Moskovchenko Artem Leonidovich

Education:

• Saint Petersburg State University economy and finance
• Swiss Hotel Management School

Speciality:

• Financial, credit and international economic relations
• Hotel Mamagement and Operations

Qualification:

• Bachelor
• master

« The main problems of Russian manufacturing enterprises is low labor productivity and an inefficient process management system. OJSC NPO Karat successfully overcome these challenges. The enterprise is working to improve the culture of production, introducing a modern Information system management, which will cover the entire production process, starting with the development of new products».

Production Director

Donskoy Nikolai Yurievich

Education: Specialty:

• Automatic control systems

Qualification:

• Electrical Engineer

OJSC NPO Karat

Deputy General Director for Quality

Zhukov Pavel Ivanovich

Education:

• Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute (LETI) im. IN AND. Ulyanova (Lenin)

Speciality :

• Electronic computers

Qualification:

• Systems Engineer

“Our company operates in the industry where quality is the main requirement for products by the customer. Harsh operating conditions, increased fault tolerance, the possibility of prompt repair - all these requirements for devices OJSC NPO Karat encourage us to constantly work on improving production methods. The issue of selection of suppliers, input control of components, selection of contractors becomes important. All these processes play an important role in everything. manufacturing process and require constant attention and development.



The director general of the design bureau, doctor of technical sciences, academician of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics named after V.I. K.E. Tsiolkovsky Andrey ROMANOV.

Andrey Vasilyevich, today your design bureau is celebrating its 65th anniversary. I wonder how and when KB arose?

KB "Arsenal" is an integral part of the St. Petersburg "Arsenal", which traces its history back to the cannon "Foundry Yard" founded by Peter I in 1711, which became the basis for the creation and development of the Russian artillery weapons. Our design bureau, which was originally called the Central Design Bureau No. 7, with an experimental production base, was formed in 1949 at the machine-building plant No. 7. Now it is called the Arsenal Machine-Building Plant OJSC. naval automatic anti-aircraft artillery and artillery systems at long-term firing points, the so-called bunkers of fortified areas.KB is a historically innovative enterprise - in all the years of its existence, Arsenal has created and developed a unique nomenclature technical means and technologies aimed at strengthening the country's defense capability. Most of these products, created from scratch, had no historical and technical analogues, and it was difficult for the engineers and designers of the enterprise to work on a new topic with a minimum amount of knowledge available. Therefore, this work can be compared with the "sprout" of new technologies, making its way and growing into new knowledge in critical areas of technology, which are already freely used by followers.

As an example, we can cite the creation of shipborne artillery installations - a 100-mm single-gun AK-100 and a 130-mm two-gun AK-130, as well as ship launchers for anti-aircraft missile systems and jamming systems ZIF-122 and ZIF-121-02 . Our design bureau also created the first missile systems strategic purpose with solid-propellant missiles RT-2, RT-15, RT-2P, a complex of missile weapons D-11 with a solid-propellant missile R-31 for arming submarines. These were essentially pioneering works.

- What is the current position of the Design Bureau and in what directions is its work carried out today?

At present, the Design Bureau is one of the leading developers and manufacturers of space technology, shipborne artillery and launchers and is under the jurisdiction of the Federal Space Agency. The main activities of the enterprise include R&D to create

space systems, complexes and vehicles for various purposes and their constituent elements; carrying out research and development work on the creation of shipborne automatic artillery and missile launchers; development and manufacture of process and test equipment.

KB is universal - for a number of topics, an enterprise can act as a parent enterprise, manage a project, as well as integrate and coordinate the work of dozens of industrial, scientific and scientific-educational enterprises, form a single goal, set tasks and synthesize new products. At the same time, KB is an efficient and reliable partner in the creation of unique elements. These include the creation in the 1980s of powerful steering drives for the Energia launch vehicle of the Energia-Buran reusable space system. This year, our specialists completed work on the topic "Nuclon", which was carried out by order of the Research Institute of Nuclear Physics of Moscow State University. The work included the creation of a complex of technical means that ensures the functioning of scientific equipment for detecting heavy particles in orbital flight conditions. The equipment will operate as part of the Resurs-P spacecraft, developed by OAO RCC Progress.

As you have already said, the historical activity of the Design Bureau is the creation of artillery systems. How is the implementation going at the moment? this direction?

Quite right, artillery is one of our main tasks. At present St. Petersburg "Arsenal" is the leading enterprise in Russia for the creation of medium-caliber ship gun mounts. For example, AK-130 guns are installed on the Russian cruisers Moskva, Marshal Ustinov, and Pyotr Veliky, and the newest patrol ship Yaroslav the Wise is equipped with AK-100 guns. AK-130 and AK-100 guns were supplied to China, India and are still in service with their surface ships. In list latest developments- A-192 universal gun mount of 130 mm caliber, designed to arm combat surface ships of the frigate class and above to ensure the destruction of coastal, air and sea targets.

- And what exactly is being done at the enterprise in the space industry?

An equally important area of ​​work for us is the development of information support for the use of weapons systems. This concerns the creation of weapons and their integration into the information circuit, and vice versa - the creation of an information circuit into which weapons are integrated.

Along with the creation of space complexes for observing the earth's surface of a new generation, the Design Bureau is working on the creation of universal space platforms with increased power-to-weight ratio with nuclear power plants.

At present, at the level of the leadership of Roscosmos and the defense industry of the Russian Federation, a decision has been made that our design bureau will become the lead organization for ensuring the creation and targeted use of space vehicles with increased power-to-weight ratio with nuclear power plants. We will cooperate with a wide range of industrial enterprises and military scientific organizations.

We have experience in creating such spacecraft. Since 1973, the Arsenal plant has been producing spacecraft designed by our bureau with a nuclear power plant of a thermoelectric type (the power plant was developed by the Moscow enterprise Krasnaya Zvezda). They were part of the system of marine space reconnaissance and target designation (MKRTS). The system successfully passed flight tests and in 1978 was put into service in full. In total, "Arsenal" with cooperation ensured the development, manufacture and operation of more than 30 spacecraft of the "Kosmos" series with nuclear power plants.

In what directions is the domestic school of space nuclear energy currently developing and what is the role of your design bureau in this area?

Today, the domestic scientific school of space nuclear energy takes into account two directions of its development. The first of them provides for the creation of a super-heavy space platform with a megawatt-class nuclear power plant based on the turbomachine principle of power generation. The creation of a nuclear power plant of this type requires the use a large number completely unique technical solutions and is a breakthrough direction in a number of related fields of science and technology.

Currently, the leadership of Roskosmos has decided to designate KB Arsenal as the lead organization for a platform with megawatt-class nuclear power plants. Taking into account all the technical and even political significance of this project, the theoretical knowledge accumulated by our scientific school over many years, the practical experience gained in the course of the creation and operational support of spacecraft with nuclear power plants that have already operated in orbits, without any doubt, will serve in the interests of a successful achieving the goals set for the national cosmonautics.

Another direction is thermionic nuclear installations. We are developing this area together with OAO Krasnaya Zvezda, which is now part of the Rosatom State Corporation. Thermionic nuclear installations are characterized by high useful electrical power (from 30 to 500 kW) and reliability. The operating life of such an installation in space conditions is from 7 years and up to 10 years in the future. A prototype of such an installation was already tested as part of our vehicles in the late 1980s.

At the same time, our design bureau carried out research and development work in the field of shaping the appearance of the space platform (SP), the basis of the energy supply of which will be second-generation thermionic nuclear power plants, and also prepared the production and technical base for the creation of these platforms. Such spacecraft should be universal (UKP-NPP), that is, on their basis it will be possible to deploy orbital groups for various purposes. I would also like to note that many components of this project are not just dreams, but real results, embodied in technical documentation, worked out technological processes and even in metal.

- For what purpose are UKP-NPPs being developed?

Work on the creation of the UKP-NPP is being carried out by the Design Bureau "Arsenal" in the light of the requirements of the "Concept for the development of space nuclear power in Russia", adopted by the government of the Russian Federation in February 1998. It should be noted that the use of nuclear power plants in space is not only legitimate, but also included in the list of promising tasks for the development of space technology by the leading space powers of the world.

UKP-NPPs are being developed to solve promising problems in the field of defense, security, socio-economic development and science. Now we are just completing the design and search work on the creation of the UKP-NPP "Plasma-2010" with a multi-mode thermionic power plant with a capacity of 30-80 kW, capable of ensuring the operation of the payload and service systems of spacecraft in a long continuous mode. The level of elaboration of the issue allows you to start full-scale development work.

The main advantage of Plasma-2010 is the ability to ensure continuous operation of target equipment with power consumption up to several tens of kilowatts in a wide range of orbits, which will provide a qualitative leap in solving scientific, defense and applied problems in and from space.

It must be said that space power plants of the "classic" type (based on solar and storage batteries) of commensurate power (from 50 to 500 kW) cannot be compared with nuclear ones in terms of specific mass and overall characteristics and cannot be used in deep space.

- In what other directions does KB work?

In addition to the main areas of work today, one of the priority tasks of our design bureau is cooperation with the Advanced Research Foundation (FPI). As Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Dmitry Rogozin noted, the launch of the FPI is one of the priorities. At present, the Foundation has effective system selection of technologies to ensure the defense capability of the Russian Federation. Each FPI project is the backlog of the sixth technological generation. For their implementation, autonomous laboratories are being created at defense industry enterprises, in scientific organizations and leading universities of the country. One of these laboratories has been created at Arsenal Design Bureau.

In conclusion, I would like to say that the last few months have clearly shown our society the need to constantly maintain the country's defense potential, which has the ability to counter threats to national security in a timely manner. The intellectual capabilities of the Arsenal Design Bureau are a guarantee that, even decades later, Russian weapons will make it possible to comprehensively defend Russia's interests in a rapidly changing world.

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The "space" history of "Arsenal" dates back to the mid-1960s, when the company was entrusted with the creation of supports for the landing blocks of the first Soviet lunar stations. The design bureau and the machine-building plant successfully coped with the task. In the late 1960s Arsenal has started to fulfill a fundamentally new scientific and technical task - the creation of the world's first all-weather multi-purpose system of marine space reconnaissance and target designation (MCRC). The ICRC system included two types of spacecraft: US-P electronic intelligence with a solar power plant and US-A radar intelligence with a nuclear power plant. Arsenal launched more than 70 spacecraft to form and maintain the functioning of the ICRC system, which was on alert until 2007.

Since 1980, another area of ​​space production of the Arsenal Machine-Building Plant has been the manufacture of the Cobalt spacecraft, developed by the TsSKB-Progress GNPRKTs and intended for photographing the earth's surface.

KB and MH "Arsenal" have a unique experience in the creation and operation of spacecraft with nuclear power plants. About 30 such spacecraft functioned in orbits. In the 1980s two experimental spacecraft Plasma-A (Kosmos-1818 and Kosmos-1867) with thermionic-type nuclear power plants and with maximum environmental safety were developed and launched into high orbits (the developer is NPO Krasnaya Zvezda).

Since 2002 OJSC “MZ Arsenal” has started to manufacture prototype flight models of new generation spacecraft developed by FSUE “KB “Arsenal” and intended for solving a wide range of problems and studying the physics of electromagnetic wave propagation. In 2009, Arsenal launched a new generation experimental spacecraft designed by Arsenal Design Bureau for radio engineering studies of the Earth's surface and the World Ocean.

The creation of spacecraft with a nuclear power plant will provide Russia with a leading position in the practical development of near-Earth space. Andrey Romanov, General Director of FSUE Arsenal Design Bureau, spoke to the columnist of the Military Industrial Courier newspaper about the developments being carried out in this direction, as well as about the design of the latest naval naval artillery mounts.

– Andrei Vasilyevich, could you tell us in more detail how the design bureau, which you now head, appeared. And why is your design bureau, which previously developed artillery systems, now considered one of the leading space enterprises?

- Initially, our design bureau, established on November 21, 1949, was called the Central Design Bureau No. 7 (TsKB-7). It was created at the machine-building plant No. 7, now it is the well-known St. Petersburg machine-building plant "Arsenal". It is worth noting that TsKB-7 was immediately created with its own experimental production base.

“The creation of a super-heavy space platform with a nuclear power plant will allow our country to make another breakthrough in the field of space technology”

The tasks set by the design bureau by the country's leadership were very difficult, but at the same time interesting. TsKB-7 was entrusted with the design and development work on naval automatic anti-aircraft artillery and artillery systems at long-term firing points (DOT) of fortified areas.

Do not forget that the Arsenal plant, which included TsKB-7, traces its history back to the Cannon Foundry founded by Peter the Great in 1711, which became the basis for the creation and development of Russian artillery weapons.

In 1973, the production of the first spacecraft developed by our design bureau began at the Arsenal plant. Then it was US-A with a nuclear power plant and US-P with a solar power plant, which were supposed to be included in the system of marine space reconnaissance and target designation (MKRTS). In 1978, the MKRC successfully passed all flight tests and was put into service.

Successful work on the most important space system, which made it possible not only to detect, but almost continuously track enemy ships in the expanses of the World Ocean and, if necessary, issue target designations to our strike forces, served as the basis for the government's decision to secure the status of the leading enterprise in the creation of space surveillance systems for area of ​​the world ocean.

To summarize, since 1973, Arsenal, working in cooperation with other enterprises and scientific centers space industry, ensured the development, manufacture and operation of 80 spacecraft of the Kosmos series. Three of them in 1995-2008 were involved in the experiment "Konus-A", which was carried out under the joint project "Wind-Konus" with the United States to study bursts of cosmic gamma rays, which are one of the main mysteries of modern astrophysics. The experiment gave valuable scientific results.

In the 1980s, Arsenal Design Bureau developed steering gears for the Energia launch vehicle of the Energia-Buran reusable space system.

And this year, our design bureau completed work on the Nuklon theme by order of the Research Institute of Nuclear Physics of Moscow State University, which provides for the manufacture of a pressurized container with scientific equipment for installation on the Resurs-P spacecraft developed by RCC Progress OJSC.

At present, FSUE KB Arsenal is one of the leading developers and manufacturers of space technology, shipborne artillery and launchers and is under the jurisdiction of the Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos).

- It turns out that your design bureau is currently not only designing spacecraft, but also continues to develop naval artillery systems?

“Surprising as it may sound, it is true. Since its foundation in 1949, artillery has been the historical focus of our design bureau. And to the present, the St. Petersburg "Arsenal" remains the leading enterprise in Russia in the creation of medium-caliber ship gun mounts.

Today, the main activities of our design bureau are research and development work on the creation of space systems, complexes and vehicles for various purposes and their components, shipborne automatic artillery and rocket launchers, as well as the development and manufacture of technological and test equipment.

For example, our 100-mm single-gun AK-100 naval artillery mounts are armed with all large anti-submarine ships of project 1155 and some others, and with two-gun 130-mm AK-130 gun mounts - destroyers of project 956, missile cruisers of project 1164 and the flagship of the Northern Fleet - a heavy nuclear missile cruiser"Peter the Great". Also, AK-130 and AK-100 were supplied and are in service with surface ships of the Chinese and Indian navies.

In addition to these systems, our design bureau has developed ship launchers for anti-aircraft missile systems and jamming systems ZIF-122 and ZIF-121-02.

It should not be forgotten that the first strategic missile systems with RT-2, RT-15, RT-2P solid-propellant missiles, the D-11 missile weapon system with the R-31 solid-propellant missile for arming submarines were created in Arsenal Design Bureau. These were essentially pioneering works.

By the way, just the other day, the frigate Admiral Gorshkov, the lead ship of project 22350, is going to be tested. It is equipped with a 130-mm A-192 naval artillery mount developed by our design bureau.

It must be understood that the creation of the A-192 was not a trivial task. Without going into technical details, for obvious reasons, we responsibly say that the A-192 is a new or, as the designers say, the “extreme” word in the domestic naval artillery.

In the future, these artillery systems, specially designed for arming surface combat ships of medium and large displacement, designed to fire at coastal, sea and air targets, will be installed on all frigates of this project, and possibly on other promising warships. But it is too early to reveal these plans.

- Let's hope that the new naval artillery installation developed by your design bureau will have the same success as its predecessors AK-100 and AK-130. Indeed, it is not for nothing that the AK-130 in NATO bears the informal name "metal cutter", as if implying that due to the high rate of fire and the power of the ammunition, it is able to literally "cut" any enemy ship. But still, let me know what new spacecraft are currently being developed by the design bureau, what projects are you participating in today?

- I would characterize the main area of ​​work of our design bureau as follows: the creation of space means of information support for the use of weapons. It must be understood that in modern wars and armed conflicts, it is important not only to detect the enemy in a timely manner. Means of destruction over the past 20 years have been very actively developed, and not only along the path of increasing power. They became more and more accurate and long-range. Even now, only a few minutes pass from the moment a target is detected to its defeat. Therefore, it is important not only to obtain intelligence data, but also to quickly process it and issue target designations for weapons.

One of the possible areas of work of our enterprise in this area is the creation of weapons and their integration into the information circuit, and vice versa - the creation of an appropriate circuit into which weapons are integrated. These tasks can and should be solved in a comprehensive manner, and our design bureau has all the possibilities for such work.

At present, our design bureau, together with other enterprises of Roscosmos, has developed a series of the latest spacecraft, which, after launch, will be included in the complex for observing the earth's surface. This is a very difficult and responsible work, which lasted for several years and now we are already entering the finish line. Our main colleagues and partners in this direction are FSUE TsNIRTI im. Academician A. I. Berg, JSC OKB MPEI, JSC NII TP and a number of other equally well-known enterprises in the industry.

Along with the creation of space complexes for observing the earth's surface of a new generation, Arsenal Design Bureau continues work on universal space platforms with increased power-to-weight ratio with nuclear power plants.

At the level of the leadership of Roskosmos and the military-industrial complex, it was decided that KB Arsenal will be the lead organization for ensuring the creation and targeted use of space vehicles with increased power-to-weight ratio with nuclear power plants based on a wide range of industrial enterprises and military scientific organizations.

– Your design bureau is one of the few in Russia that has unique experience in creating spacecraft with nuclear power plants (NPPs). Could you tell us in more detail what is their advantage over analogues with traditional power plants. After all, for example, in the American NASA and the European Space Agency, they are distrustful of nuclear power plants, consider them dangerous in operation and give preference to solar power plants.

– Today, there are two directions of development in the domestic scientific school of space nuclear energy.

The first comes from the creation of a super-heavy space platform with a megawatt-class nuclear power plant based on the turbomachine principle of power generation. A few years ago Research Center named after M.V. Keldysh, having received state support, declared its readiness to develop such a space platform by 2018. The creation of such a technical design will allow our country to make another breakthrough in the field of space technology and again take a leading position in the global space industry. The groundwork that has been developed so far by the Keldysh Center with cooperation and enterprises of the State Corporation Rosatom makes it possible to proceed with the full-scale implementation of the project, and at present, the leadership of Roscosmos has decided to transfer the lead role in the platform with a megawatt-class nuclear power plant from the Keldysh Center to FSUE "KB" Arsenal". Our experts carry out expert assessment accumulated groundwork and form proposals on the order of further work. Taking into account all the technical and, I would say, even political significance of this project, the availability of theoretical knowledge accumulated by our scientific school over many years, the practical experience gained in the creation and operational support of spacecraft with nuclear power plants that have already operated in orbit, without any doubt , will serve the successful achievement of the goals set for the national cosmonautics.

Another direction is the creation of space vehicles with thermionic nuclear power plants. We are developing this direction, since spacecraft created using nuclear power plants of this type, already passed flight tests in the late 80s. In general, spacecraft with nuclear power plants of thermoelectric and thermionic types have been operated in space for almost 20 years, in total about 30 vehicles have been launched. The power plant for them was developed by the Moscow enterprise Krasnaya Zvezda, now part of the Rosatom State Corporation. Since the launch of Cosmos-1932 on March 14, 1988, the last in a series of functioning spacecraft with nuclear power plants, much has been done to develop this direction. At the same time, it should be noted that its participants often acted on their own initiative.

Thus, as a result of the work carried out by OAO Krasnaya Zvezda, a parametric series of thermionic nuclear power plants of the second generation was developed and tested in terms of key technologies. Main technical specifications such power plants are characterized by high values ​​of useful electric power (from 30 to 500 kW) and guarantee their high reliability and a significant service life in outer space conditions - from seven to ten years in the future.

At the same time, Arsenal Design Bureau carried out research and development work in the field of shaping the appearance of the space platform (SP), the basis of the energy supply of which will be thermionic nuclear power plants of the second generation, and also prepared the production and technical base for the creation of these platforms. According to our plans, such spacecraft should be universal (UKP-NPP), that is, on their basis it will be possible to deploy orbital constellations for various purposes, and they must also meet all the requirements for safe operation.

It is important to note that many components of this project are not just dreams, but real results embodied in technical documentation, proven technological processes and even in metal.

Work on the creation of the UKP-NPP is being carried out by Arsenal Design Bureau in accordance with the requirements of the Concept for the Development of Space Nuclear Power in Russia, adopted by Government Decree No. 144 of February 2, 1998. It should be noted that the use of nuclear energy in space is not only legitimate, but also included in the list of promising tasks for the development of space technology by the leading space powers of the world. UKP-NPPs are being developed to solve promising problems in the field of defense and security, socio-economic development and science. The range of tasks solved by spacecraft created on its basis is quite wide - from the transportation of goods in outer space to remote sensing of the earth's surface and studies of near and far space, as well as tasks within the framework of ensuring national security. That is, all those tasks, the solution of which requires high onboard energy.

At present, FSUE KB Arsenal is completing design and search work on the creation of a UKP-NPP Plasma-2010 with a multi-mode thermionic power plant with a capacity of up to 100 kilowatts, capable of ensuring the operation of the payload and service KA systems. The level of elaboration of the issue allows you to start full-scale development work.

Achieving specific characteristics comparable to nuclear power plants by power plants of the traditional type for space (with solar and storage batteries) is practically impossible. Moreover, the use of power plants based on solar and storage batteries imposes significant restrictions on the time and operating modes of existing payloads, not to mention promising ones. Also, "traditional" power plants "do not work" in deep space.

Most of the developments of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "KB" Arsenal "and cooperation implemented within the walls of the JSC" Machine-building plant "Arsenal". At present, FSUE KB Arsenal and OAO MZ Arsenal form a closed the production cycle and have significant practical experience in the development, manufacture, experimental testing and regular operation of space vehicles of various designated purpose.

- Recently, the Advanced Research Foundation (FPI) appeared in Russia, the purpose of which was to promote the implementation of scientific research and development in the interests of the country's defense and state security, related to a high degree the risk of achieving qualitatively new results in the military-technical, technological and socio-economic spheres. Is your design office involved in joint work with FPI? And how, in your opinion, such joint work with the Fund is promising for Arsenal Design Bureau?

– Our design bureau takes an active part in joint work with the Advanced Research Foundation, within the framework of which a joint laboratory was created on the basis of the design bureau with the participation of the FPI.

It should be noted that the Fund for Advanced Study has formed an extremely strict system for selecting projects, which, on the one hand, should provide high-quality new level solving problems of national defense, on the other hand, the projects financed by the Foundation form that breakthrough (the sixth, according to the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Dmitry Rogozin) technological order, which will create a new generation of weapons.

The participation of Arsenal in FPI projects is another evidence that our company has been and is a leader in the development of breakthrough solutions that shape the image of weapons systems for decades to come.

It is not an exaggeration that during all the years of its existence, Arsenal has been creating and developing a unique range of technical means and technologies aimed at strengthening the country's defense capability. Most of the products created from scratch had no historical and technical analogues, and for the engineers and designers of the enterprise, each time it was actually a discovery. new topic with the minimum amount of data available.

Therefore, this work can be compared to a sprout of advanced technologies making its way and growing into new knowledge in critical areas of technology, which are already freely used by followers.

– Andrei Vasilievich, please accept congratulations on behalf of our publication. We wish your team success, so that it is always ahead of the competition, and new developments remain unsurpassed for as long as possible.

- Thanks.

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Romanov Andrei Vasilievich was born in 1970 in the city of Yurga, Kemerovo region. In 1993, he graduated from the Baltic State Technical University "VOENMEH" named after V.I. D. F. Ustinova. In KB "Arsenal" he went from engineer to chief designer of rocket and space technology. Since 2013, he has been the General Director of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Arsenal Design Bureau named after M. V. Frunze. Doctor of Technical Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics. K. E. Tsiolkovsky. The main area of ​​scientific interests is the development of methodological foundations for the design of spacecraft with nuclear power plants. He has awards from the Federal Space Agency, the Federation of Cosmonautics of Russia, the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics. K. E. Tsiolkovsky and the Governor of St. Petersburg.