Presentation “Oral folk art in the education of spiritual and moral qualities in young children. Showforum presentation of oral folk art. Presentation "Oral folk art in the education of spiritual and moral qualities in children younger than

30.05.2020

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"Oral folk art" "Small genres of oral folk art"

Folklore Folklore - this word means the creativity of any people, which is passed down from generation to generation. Folklore is proverbs, songs, fairy tales, ditties, riddles, nursery rhymes, fables, sayings, jokes, pestles.

Lullabies Bye-bye, my kitten Sleep, sleep, my child... Here you have a soft feather bed under your back On top of the feather bed - a clean sheet. Here you have white pillows under your ears, A downy blanket and a handkerchief upstairs... Bye-bye, my kitten, Sleep-sleep, my child!

Nursery rhymes There is a horned goat, There is a butted goat, Legs - top-top, Eyes - clap, clap. - Who does not eat porridge, does not drink milk - Gore, gore, gore. This finger is grandma, This finger is grandfather, This finger is mom This finger is dad This finger is me That's the whole family!

Jokes And frets, frets, frets, Let's go to the backside. Sold a carrot, Bought a cow. And a cow with a cat - They milk a little! Whether in the garden, in the garden, there is a dog running. The legs are thin, The sides are ringing, And the tail is a squiggle, Her name is Bug.

Cockerels Cockerel, cockerel, Golden scallop, Butter head, Silk beard, Why do you get up early, Don't let the kids sleep? - You legs, legs! Where are you running? - I'll run along the forest I'll pick berries for you: I'll blacken blueberries, Alu strawberries.

Calls Ladybug, Fly to the sky, There your children Eat sweets. One for everyone, and none for you. Ladybug, you fly to heaven, bring us black and white bread, but not burnt. The sun-bucket, Come out from behind the cloud. Sit on a stump, walk all day.

Fables A hare sits on a birch, He reads a book aloud. A bear flew to him, Listens, sighs. A goat has two frogs in its beard, A bear sits on its back, Holds on to its ears.

Sayings Moth-vitilek, Bring us a breeze: From the gate to the turn To drive the boat into the stream. The sun warmed, Summer commanded: To plunge three times, Dive to go, Get out from under the water.

Rhymes One, two, three, four, five, We will play hide and seek. Sky, stars, meadow, flowers - You go, lead! A squirrel rode on a cart, Handing out nuts to everyone: Who are two, who are three - Get out of the circle you!

Draw Rose or Mimosa Heads or Tails

Riddles Knock, knock - do not order to be bored. They go, they go, and everything is right there. (Clock) I come with gifts, I shine with bright lights. smart, funny, New Year i'm the main one. (Christmas tree)

Descriptive riddles Tail with a fluffy arc, do you know such an animal? Answer: A cat jumps across the field - hides its ears, Stands up like a pillar - ears upright. Answer: Hare.

Proverbs For friendship there is no distance. Alphabet - the wisdom of the step. You can't buy mind with money. The strong will conquer one, the one who knows a thousand.

Sayings The word is not a sparrow: it will fly out, you will not catch it. For a mother, a child up to a hundred years old is a baby. Happiness and work live side by side. Seven times measure cut once.

Russian folk tale A fairy tale is a genre of oral folk art that has a fantastic content and is based on a solid realistic foundation. Types of fairy tales: about animals, magical, household.

Animal Tales "The Fox and the Crane" "The Winter Cabin of the Animals" "The Cat, the Rooster and the Fox", etc.

Fairy tales "Flying ship" "Geese swans" "Sivka Burka"

Household fairy tales "Porridge from an ax" "Husband and wife" "How a man dined with a master"

Epics Bylinas - Russian folk epic songs about the exploits of heroes. The main plot of the epic is some heroic event, or a remarkable episode of Russian history. Russian folk epics: "Dobrynya and Alyosha", "Dobrynya and the Serpent", "Ilya Muromets and Kalin Tsar", "Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber", etc.

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

consultation for parents "Russian folk art as a means of folk pedagogy"

Familiarization of parents with folk pedagogy, various types oral folk art. The use of folk pedagogy in the upbringing of a child ....

Consultation "Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture through oral folk art"

Fairy tales, songs, epics, riddles, proverbs - a reflection of the dream of the people, clarifies the child's idea of the world around ....

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A presentation on the topic "Folk Art" can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Project subject: History. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 35 slide(s).

Presentation slides

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FOLK CREATIVITY IS AN INEXHAUSTABLE SOURCE OF ORIGINAL BEAUTY

Teacher of fine arts and MHC MOU SO Bogdanov school Sinebryukhova T.V.

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The history of the artistic culture of any nation has a certain conditional beginning, from which threads stretch into the future. Russian art also has such a starting point: from the significant year 988 - the Baptism of Russia, the intensive development of architecture, painting, literature, and music begins. But let us ask ourselves questions: what place did artistic creativity occupy in earlier eras? Were those artistic images that were born in the depths of the pre-Christian civilization that sunk into oblivion erased over time from the memory of the people? What do we know today about the spiritual culture that formed the generations of people who managed to accept the Christian dogma with all their hearts and the complex system temple orthodox art?

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The pre-Christian period in the history of Slavic culture can be called mythological. Myth is one of the ways to comprehend the surrounding reality, a set of symbolic ideas about the world. According to ancient beliefs, human life seems to be included in the endless whirlpool of nature, which does not have a higher spiritual meaning. People naively believed that without their participation the sun would not rise, the blessed warmth would not come, the long-awaited rain would not fall. Therefore, the basis of the cultural life of the mythological era was the rite - a theatrical performance in which the word, gesture, dance, music were intertwined. AT modern science this synthesis was called "primitive artistic syncretism".

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Mythological ideas about the structure of the universe inevitably gave rise to pagan religion. The ancient Slavs invented many gods. They, the inhabitants of the "miserable huts", had to win back their living space, seek protection from the sun, water, trees, stones, real and fantastic animals, whose symbolic images in the form of bronze, clay, stone, wooden idols were scattered throughout the Slavic lands. They personified the formidable forces of nature, beyond the control of human will, alien to mercy. Modern scientist B.A. Rybakov singled out the following periodization in the history of the most ancient Slavic beliefs: Initially, the Slavs laid the treb to the ghouls and coasts (that is, they made sacrifices). Then they began to put a meal on Rod and women in labor (also make a sacrifice). Subsequently, the Slavs began to pray mainly to Perun (keeping faith in other gods as well). From these lines it becomes obvious that the Slavs already, at an early stage of their development, felt the presence in the world around them of the action of two opposite principles - good and evil. Beregini carried good to people (from the word “protect”, “protect”). The evil inclination is spirits, vampires, ghouls, werewolves that harm a person. Conspiracies were made against them, they wore amulets - amulets.

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With the development of retinue military affairs, a cult of the god Perun arose - the lord of thunder, lightning, military operations. Other deities were also revered - the god of the Sun-luminary Hora, the giver of heavenly blessings Dazhd-god, the god-sower and heavenly messenger Simargl, the god of wind and air element Stribog, the goddess of fertility, the mother of cheese, the earth Makosh (Mokosh), etc. There were also lower mythological creatures deities, sometimes extremely harmful to humans, are the goblin and the water, the brownie and the bannik, the mermaid and the kikimora, as well as terrible creatures that bring grief, death, illness to people - Mara, Morena, Likho, Koschey, Baba Yaga. They “communicated” with pagan gods in specially designated places of worship - temples. Slavic gods did not have "biographies", their appearance was very indefinite. Often the same deity was revered in different tribes in different ways. Therefore, today scientists find it difficult to determine the "name" of an image.

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The antinomy of good and evil, felt so early by our ancestors, had a decisive influence on the formation of Slavic mythology. The natural opposition of life and death, happiness and unhappiness entailed more complex symbolism, duality of images. For example, many proverbs, sayings, rituals, signs that have survived to this day are based on the opposition of “right” and “left”. Over time, this resulted in the idea of Truth in heaven and Krivda on earth. The combination of "top" and "bottom" also had a global cosmic meaning. The binary symbolism "one's own" - "alien" was very significant. For example, blood relatives were considered “friends”, and all others were considered “strangers” (the eternal hostility of a stepmother to her stepdaughter). Or the native house was “one’s own”, while the forest is a sign of a hostile, “foreign” beginning (contrasting a child with Baba Yaga). Examples of "binary" thinking can be continued if we turn to one of the most striking phenomena of mythological artistic culture - the Russian folk tale, especially the fairy tale.

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This ancient genre of oral folk art has its own characteristics. The tale begins with the infliction of some kind of damage or harm (kidnapping, exile, etc.) or with the desire to have something (for example, the king sends his son for the firebird). Then a miracle happens - the meeting of the hero with an assistant or a magician, which facilitates the achievement of the goal (recall that in Pushkin's poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" the main character's miraculous acquaintance with the magician Finn takes place). In the course of the story, there is a climax - the duel of the hero with evil forces (the Nightingale the Robber, the Serpent Gorynych, Baba Yaga, etc.). Often in fairy tales, motives of kinship between people and animals are heard, it is told about the marriage of a person with a totem creature (for example, with the Frog Princess). As a rule, these texts bear the imprint of a kind and optimistic view of the world, form a sense of justice, confidence in the triumph of a just cause, the victory of good over evil - after all, fairy tales end with a happy denouement.

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AND I. Bilibin. Ilya Muromets and Svyatogor

AND I. Bilibin. Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber.

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At the same time, it is obvious that the moral attitudes of the life of a pagan Slav were imprinted in fairy tales. For the sake of his goal, the fairy-tale hero is ready to break any laws, overcome any obstacles by force, cunning, deceit, without thinking too much about the price of the spilled blood of his opponents. In the imaginary mythological picture of the life of a pagan Slav, the human person was not of particular value.

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And the main evidence of the spiritual and creative talent of the ancient Slavs, their striving for beauty and harmony is the folk song - an invaluable asset of Russian national culture. Researchers call the most ancient examples of musical folklore ritual. These songs were part of rituals dedicated either to a certain time of the year or to a vital event (birth of a child, wedding, etc.). In accordance with this, ritual folklore is divided into calendar and family folklore.

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The content of the calendar songs is closely connected with the work of a Slavic farmer who loved his land and prayed to the gods to send good harvest. For centuries, farmers have performed the same rituals, corresponding to the folk calendar: winter, spring, summer, autumn. On each of the holidays, certain rituals were performed, and songs dedicated to this holiday were sung. The purpose of these actions was one - to promote the well-being of the peasants. The cycle of calendar rites began in winter. December 25, according to the old style, was considered "the turning of the sun for the summer." On this day, a series of happy Holidays, during which it was customary to carol - to dress up in "carnival" clothes (turned sheepskin coats, straw, etc.) and walk around the yards of neighbors, begging for gifts. Caroling appeared as a rite of honoring the pagan god Kolyada. Over time, they forgot who Kolyada was, the rite itself was preserved in Christian times, and it is still found in the villages today. As a rule, they carol at Christmas time from the Nativity of Christ (December 25, old style) to Epiphany (January 6, old style) and sing songs.

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Round dance songs are one of the most ancient. Round dances were danced in the villages throughout almost the entire year - both at Christmas time, and at Maslenitsa, and after Easter. Perhaps the most common were round dances-games, when some kind of plot was played out simultaneously with the movement. When playing, the participants in the round dance stood in a circle, inside which one or more "artists" performed simple plays in their faces. Round dances-processions were widespread, when participants in pairs or groups, moving in measured steps, walked around the village. However, any movement of youth always turns into a dance, which happened in dance round dances, the incendiary and daring character of which the Russian people defined with the words “chain”, “comb”, “braiding and unweaving wattle”.

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On the eve of Christmas and Epiphany, round dances and dances were replaced by the singing of so-called sing-along songs. This meant that the time was coming for Christmas divination, mysterious, full of expectation of miracles. Fortune-telling was different, funny and serious at the same time. Most often, fortunetelling was done on water, which was poured into a bowl, then small things were lowered into it, covered with a scarf and ... they sang an underwatch song, the words of which, as it were, predicted fate. One of the oldest slavish songs is the famous "Khlebna Slava", which has attracted the attention of Russian composers more than once. On Christmastide evenings in the villages, gatherings were especially often arranged (gatherings, gatherings, supryadki, conversations, evenings, parties). Boys and girls who had reached marriageable age, i.e., 14-16 years old, took part in them. At gatherings, they sang songs, danced round dances. Often, for the sake of fun, they dressed up in animal skins and staged performances that ridiculed lazy, negligent, stingy or too timid people.

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From time immemorial, the rites of Maslenitsa, the farewell to winter, have been known in Russia. In the Christian calendar, Maslenitsa coincided with the last week before Lent. It is called meat-fare, since these days the church charter prescribes to prepare for the fasting period and abstain from eating meat. During the Maslenitsa period, the spirit of celebration, entertainment, and reckless prowess reigned in people's lives. In accordance with ancient views, the peasants praised the sun, spring, the onset of warmth. They believed that with their songs they help the sun "move in a circle", bring the arrival of spring days closer. Each day of Maslenitsa had its own name and ritual meaning: Monday - a meeting of Maslenitsa, Tuesday - flirting, Wednesday - delicacies, Thursday - revelry, wide Maslenitsa, Friday - mother-in-law pancakes, Saturday - sister-in-law gatherings, Sunday - seeing off Maslenitsa. On the last day of the holiday, people asked each other for forgiveness, and according to Christian custom, Sunday itself was called "forgiven". Fun on Maslenitsa was ubiquitous. People rode troikas and sleighs from the icy mountains, played the game of capturing snowy towns, and held fisticuffs. The colorful carefree Maslenitsa was a symbol of prosperity, joy, and a well-fed life. Therefore, all week people went to visit each other, ate pancakes, pies, eggs. Shrovetide songs were sometimes bright, rainbow-colored, sometimes sad, as if expressing regret that a wonderful holiday flew by so quickly. On the day of seeing off, the straw effigy of Maslenitsa was taken out of the village and burned to the sound of joyful cries and merry singing. This marked the end of winter.

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Spring-red in the old days was lured by songs-springs. The spring rites themselves began on the day of the spring equinox - March 22, when the earth was freed from snow. In ancient times, people believed that spring was brought by birds that flew from distant lands with the onset of heat. Therefore, many rituals were associated with images of birds: they were baked from dough, molded from clay and straw, raised to the sky and at the same time stoneflies were performed, conjuring the sun. In the rituals of the holidays of the Trinity and Semik, ancient pagan and Christian images surprisingly organically intertwined. Semik - the seventh Thursday after the first spring full moon (that is, after Easter) was considered a holiday of the earth, fertility, the continuation of the human race. Previously, the Semitskaya week was called the Rus Week and its symbol was a young birch. In the Russian week, they went to the graves, commemorated their ancestors. It is no coincidence that even today on Saturday before the Trinity, parents are commemorated (parental Saturday). Semitskaya week ended with the day of the Holy Trinity (Pentecost). On this day (the fiftieth from the day of the Ascension of Christ) they celebrated a great event in the history of Christianity - the descent of the Holy Spirit on the apostles. Pre-Christian Semitsky rites were performed under decorated birches and were accompanied by the singing of ritual songs. The girls wove wreaths and threw them into the water, guessed, danced. Semitsky songs sang of nature, future harvest, happiness and love.

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AT summer period years, the main ceremonies were associated with the day of Ivan Kupala. Kupalo is the name of the ancient deity Yarila-sun, whose birth was celebrated on the last day of the summer solstice - June 24. In Christian times, the name of John the Baptist was added to the name, and the holiday itself became known among the people as Ivan's Day. People believed that on Ivanov's day a lush flowering of all vegetation begins, but at night, once a year, a fern flower blooms. And a great evil spirit flies and rages over the earth at this time, sorcerers and fortune tellers, werewolves and brownies, goblin and mermaids rule. They threaten to destroy the human race, and the only salvation from the devil's obsessions is ... fire. And they burned ritual bonfires all over Russia on the Kupala night, jumped over them, swam in rivers and lakes, painted crosses on their houses and gates. Therefore, Kupala songs are mysterious and mystical and differ from other ritual melodies in their somewhat gloomy character, severity, and solemnity.

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Birth, marriage, death are natural for any person. In ancient Russia, these events gave rise to a vast and beautiful area of musical folklore in its artistic merits - family songs. They knew no geographical or social barriers and were loved by all sections of the Russian population, in villages and cities. Weddings in Russia were played at a certain time of the year, free from urgent peasant affairs. Usually after the autumn harvest, before Christmas, on Maslenitsa, on Krasnaya Gorka (a week after Easter).

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Ritual actions of the Russian wedding were unusual. This is a kind of performance in which there are no spectators, everyone is a participant, everyone has their own role. The ceremony began with matchmaking in the bride's house. Here the main role was played by the matchmakers, in a playful, allegorical form, praising the merits of the groom, his industriousness and wealth. During the matchmaking, they ate, drank, sang drinking songs. After the bride and conspiracy (when they beat hands, agreeing on the amount of the dowry and the cost of the wedding), there was a bachelorette party - the most lyrical part of the wedding ceremony. At the bachelorette party, the bride cried and said goodbye to her family and friends. Many heartfelt songs sounded here, replaced by playful reproaches (friends reproached the bride for leaving them) and unhurried laudatory ones. On the day of the wedding, the groom "redeemed" the bride and the young went to church to get married. This was followed by a multi-day generous wedding feast filled with songs, dances, round dances, and games. Melodies replaced one another, but strictly in accordance with the unwritten rules of the ceremony, that is, always in place. The songs were different, and yet among them a genre of folk art, special in expressiveness, stands out - wedding lamentation. The bride usually lamented, saying goodbye to her father-mother, to her dear friends, to her carefree time. After all, ahead of her was an unknown life in a strange house and how. usually hard work.

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Crying for the dead was very ancient. The funeral rituals of the pre-Christian era reflected views on the afterlife as a continuation of earthly life in another world. Therefore, they tried to provide the deceased with everything necessary, soldiers, for example, were buried with weapons. True, no one was in a hurry to leave this land. People believed that by mourning the dead, they put off the moment of their own death. The texts of the funeral lamentations of loved ones are very expressive. The emotional side of the lamentation songs was extremely rich and sometimes ecstatic. The laments were distinguished by high artistic beauty and had the character of a melodious recitative. At first, the main part of the text was pronounced in a quick voice at almost the same sound pitch. At the end of the phrase, the woeful “fall” of the melody down a third or fourth followed. The impression was created that the cry conveys either sad or agitated speech, interspersed with sobs ... Voice can be considered the most ancient form of female solo lyrics. The voicing is usually based on a short chant, which was repeated and varied throughout the story of the deceased.

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Crying was a special, independent type of folk art, with a highly developed system of means of expression. This is evidenced by such a poetically perfect monument as the lamentation of Yaroslavna from the Tale of Igor's Campaign: Yaroslavna weeps early in Putivl on her visor, saying? “Bright and thrice bright sun! For all you are warm and beautiful. Why, sir, did you spread your hot rays On my dear warriors? In a waterless field, did their bows bend with thirst? Were they shut up their quivers with grief? (Translated by D.S. Likhachev)

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Boyan is a great ancient Russian storyteller, a very real historical person. This legendary singer was the founder of the ancient Russian singing school and laid the foundations of the heroic epic. The musical and poetic genius of the Russian people was embodied with special force in the epic genre. Bylina (or antiquity) tells about what “was”: about the most important moments of state life, about historical events, about mighty heroes. True, historical reality in epics has always been refracted, as it were, through the prism of poetry. In addition, elements of fairy tales, legends, and fantasy were very strong in the epic. In the center of the events of the epic is the main character, who also finds himself in the most unusual situations. He fights hordes of enemies, shows miracles of courage and at the same time sets an example of high morality, defending justice.

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Epics are born that tell about the struggle against the Horde yoke, tell about new travelers, about the emergence of the Cossacks on the Dnieper, Don and Volga. Epics were sung throughout Russia, and they were as ancient as ritual songs. This does not mean that there were no other, later genres in musical folklore. For example, in the XV-XVI centuries. the lingering song was born and was originally performed exclusively by women. In these songs, it was usually about love, marriage, the infidelity of lovers, a difficult female lot. In terms of richness of images, strength of emotions and beauty of music, the long song has no equal. The range of topics that influence the content of lyrical songs is unusually wide. Family life, marriage, love, jealousy, death - all this became the subject of musical comprehension. There were no discoveries in the subject of lyrical songs, many "plots" were encountered earlier in ritual genres. However, a new, special musical world was formed in the lyrical song, as if conveying the vast expanses of Russia and the depth of feelings of a Russian person. The melodies of lyrical songs are unique, they are distinguished by their great length, wide breathing, and intonation expressiveness. It is with lyrical lingering songs that the flowering of the famous Russian polyphony begins in folk art! Elements of polyphony can also be found in other, earlier genres, but in the lyrical peon, choral folk polyphony reaches its peak.

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From the 15th century the birth of new types of folk singing is combined with the rethinking of old ones. Among them is a special kind of folk epic - historical songs. Many of them are dedicated to great events in the history of our state, such as the Battle of Kulikovo. Unlike epics, there is no room for fantasy or fiction in historical songs. The heroes of historical songs, as well as the events they sing about, are real. The earliest historical songs are devoted to the events of the reign of Ivan the Terrible (about the capture of Kazan, about the conquest of Siberia by Yermak, etc.). The historical song reaches its peak in the 17th century, when there is a sharp change in cultural orientations and the usual medieval norms of life break down. Recordings of songs of that time have come down to us only in versions of the 18th century, so many tunes that existed in the oral tradition should be considered irretrievably lost. And yet, folk memory has brought to us many beautiful ancient songs. And in the XIX century. folk art became that great force that helped Russian music create its priceless classics. “The people create music, and we, the artists, only arrange it,” said M.I. Glinka. His words are not a tribute to fashion, but a frank recognition of the merits of Russian folk music and the genius of its many unknown creators.

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Folklore - collective oral folk art. Small genres of folklore. What does the word folklore mean? - What came first: folklore or literature? - Who was the creator of folklore? - What genres of folklore do you know? - What small genres of folklore do you know?

Tomorrow a Blue-blue-blue whale will fly from the sky, If you believe, stand and wait, If you don't believe, come out!
Greek rode across the river. He sees a Greek: there is cancer in the river, He put the Greek's hand into the river - Cancer by the hand of the Greek - tsap!
To be afraid of a wolf - do not go into the forest.

Hanging pear - you can not eat.
Bayu-bayushki-byu Bayu-bayushki-byu, Do not lie down on the edge. A gray top will come, He will grab the barrel And drag him into the woods, Under the willow bush. Don't come to us, top, don't wake our Sasha.

Term "folklore", which was first introduced into science in 1846 by the English scientist W.J. Toms, in translation means "folk wisdom". This term is understood in different ways: sometimes it means any folk art (dance, music, woodcarving, etc.), sometimes only verbal. Folklore is distinguished by the following features: oral form of existence, reliance on traditions, direct contact between the performer and the listener, collectivity, nationality, the combination of words with elements of other types of art. has developed its own hints.This is a set of traditional beginnings and endings, the repetition of words, episodes, the use of folklore symbols (cuckoo, aspen-woe), common typical places (the formula of beauty - "neither in a fairy tale to say, not to describe with a pen"; command formula - "arise in front of me, like a leaf in front of grass”), constant epithets. Proverb - a small form of folk poetry, dressed in a short, rhythmic saying, carrying a generalized thought, conclusion, allegory with a didactic bias.

Birds of a feather flock together.
You can't even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
You lay softly, but sleep hard.
Fear has big eyes.
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.

Proverb - a phrase, a turn of speech that reflects some phenomenon of life, often has a humorous character, unlike a proverb, it does not have an instructive meaning.

« Hunger is not an aunt, she will not feed you a pie»
« Teach your grandmother to suck eggs»
« Called a load - climb into the box»
« How do you call the boat - so it will float»
« Road spoon to dinner»
« Yes, curls of convolutions will not replace!»

Counting - a small rhyme, a form of drawing of lots by which it is determined who leads in a game. The counting room is an element of the game that helps to establish agreement and respect for the accepted rules. In organizing a counting rhyme, rhythm is very important.

The mice came out once to see what time it is. One-two-three-four, The mice pulled the weights. Then there was a terrible ringing - The mice ran away.
Behind the seas, behind the mountains, Behind the iron pillars, On a hillock - a teremok, A lock hangs on the doors. You go for the key And unlock the lock.

Patter - a phrase built on a combination of sounds that make it difficult to quickly pronounce words.

From the clatter of hooves, dust flies across the field.
Karl stole the corals from Clara, Clara stole the clarinet from Karl.
Four turtles have four baby turtles.
Two puppies, cheek to cheek, Pinch the brush in the corner.

Mystery - an allegorical poetic description of an object or phenomenon that tests the quick wits of a guesser.

Well, which of you will answer: Not a fire, but it burns painfully, Not a lantern, but shines brightly, And not a baker, but bakes?

Calls - one of the types of exclamatory songs of pagan origin. They reflect the interests and ideas of the peasants about the economy and the family. Calls are an appeal to the sun, rainbow, rain and other natural phenomena, as well as to animals and especially often to birds, which were considered spring messengers.

Sunshine, gear up! Red, show yourself! Come out from behind the clouds, I'll give you a bunch of nuts!
Frost-Frost! Do not pull home by the nose, Do not knock, do not indulge, And draw on the windows!
Cucumber, cucumber, Don't go to that tip: A mouse lives there, It will bite off your tail.

joke(from bayat, that is, to tell) - a poetic, short, funny story that a mother tells her child.

Tili-bom, tili-bom Cat's house caught fire. The cat jumped out, Her eyes bulged, A chicken runs with a bucket, It floods the Cat's house!
Three goats mowed the grass In the meadows, In the green hummocks. The goats are young, the tails are short.

nursery rhyme - an element of pedagogy, a sentence song that accompanies the game with the fingers, arms and legs of the child. Nursery rhymes, like pestles, accompany the development of children. cockle(from the word to nurture, that is, to nurse, groom) - a short poetic chant of nannies and mothers, with which they accompany the actions of the child, which he performs at the very beginning of his life. Lullaby - a song to lull a child to sleep. People believed that a person is surrounded by mysterious hostile forces, and if a child sees something bad, terrible in a dream, then in reality this will not happen again.

Oh, lu-li, lu-li, lu-li! The cranes have arrived. Cranes something mokhnonogi Did not find the way, the road. They sat on the gate, And the gate - creak-creak ... Do not wake Vanya with us - Vanya sleeps, sleeps with us.
A dream walks around the hut In a gray robe. And Sonya under the window In a blue sundress. They walk together, And you, daughter, fall asleep.

Bayushki-bayushki, Ermines jumped. They galloped to the cradle And looked at Masha. And the ermine said: “Grow up quickly! I'll take you to my place, I'll show you in the forest And the wolf cub and the hare, And the frog in the swamp, And the cuckoo on the tree, And the fox under the tree.

Small genres of folklore:

Chastushka, a genre of Russian verbal and musical folk art, a short (usually 4-line) song of humorous content of a fast pace of performance.
fable - talk about the actions of the characters, showing their character traits.
fiction tells an unusual, fictional, "inverted" picture of life.

Find Folklore Genre Definition: Folklore Genre Genre Definition

Proverb
Proverb
Rhythm
Chastushka
Tale
cockle
Mystery
fiction
chitogovorka
invocation

An allegorical description of an object in order to guess what was intended
Talk about the actions of the characters, showing their character traits.
Allegory with a didactic bias.
A short poetic tune of nannies and mothers, as they accompany the actions of the child.
A small rhyme, a form of drawing of lots by which it is determined who drives in a game.
An incantatory song addressed to the phenomena of nature.
A phrase built on a combination of sounds that make it difficult to quickly pronounce words.
He tells an unusual, fictional, "inverted" picture of life.
Short humorous song.
A stable expression that describes a situation or character that does not carry a lesson.

Determine the tasks of small folklore genres: Genre Tasks of the genre

Proverb
Proverb
Rhythm
Mystery
Tale
fiction
nursery rhyme

Hints (covertly evaluates) various phenomena of human life.
Teaches you to guess.
Fun teaches to distinguish between reality and fantasy, to develop imagination.
Briefly and accurately evaluate the characters and actions of people.
Have fun teaching baby gestures
Help fun distribute roles in the game.
Make fun of bad character traits or show the hero's wit.

Elena Olesova
Presentation "Oral folk art in the education of spiritual and moral qualities in children younger age»

The purpose of my work is spiritually-moral development of the child's personality by means of introducing him to the values of Russian folk culture and development spiritually-moral traditions of the Russian people.

Main goals spiritual and moral education:

Educational:

expand knowledge about the environment

improve speech;

enrich vocabulary

Educational:

to form a respectful, merciful, attentive attitude towards others;

bring up love and respect for the motherland (taking into account the regional component, people, culture, shrines;

cultivate obedience, the desire to imitate good examples, to live according to conscience;

bring up humane treatment of animals and nature.

Educational:

develop Creative skills;

develop cognitive activity, the ability to communicate emotionally;

develop imagination, thinking;

develop interest in folklore.

5 slide:

The relevance of the topic is that at present Russia is going through one of the difficult historical periods. And the biggest danger that lies in wait for our society today is the destruction of the individual. Now material values dominate spiritual, so children representations of kindness, mercy, generosity, justice, citizenship and patriotism are distorted. children distinguishes emotional, volitional and spiritual immaturity. Forms of collective activity are gradually lost.

Spiritual and moral education forms a personality, salutary affecting all aspects and forms of human relationships with the world: on his ethical and aesthetic development, worldview and the formation of a civic position, patriotic and family orientation, intellectual potential, emotional state and general physical and mental development.

In my work with early childhood age i use the following types of small genre:

Lullabies;

invocations;

jokes;

Proverbs;

Sayings;

Folk holidays;

Folk games;

7 slide:

Texts passed down from generation to generation for centuries. "maternal" folklore, lullabies. The rhythm of a lullaby is usually correlated with the rhythm of the breath and heartbeat of the mother and child. In them one can clearly see that reverent attitude of a loving mother to her son or daughter, which is fixed in figurative, rhyming texts. They sing about everything that surrounds the baby in the first months and years of life. They sing about animals and birds that help the mother to lull the baby. These short songs help the child to explore the world. They become for the child the first, and often unforgettable lessons of care, patience, kindness.

8 slide:

In ancient times, people often turned to natural phenomena, called the seasons, welcomed the sun, rain, and much more. People believed that nature hears and understands them, they asked her for help and thanked for the gifts. These appeals were conducted in verse, which later became known as invocations.

9 slide:

Verbal Russian folk art contains great poetic

values. Jokes, nursery rhymes have long been used for parenting, especially the smallest, in order to attract their attention, calm, cheer, talk.

Such processes in the life of a baby as dressing, bathing, require accompaniment by a word, and here Russian folk art is indispensable. From early childhood, the child responds to nursery rhymes, jokes.

10 slide:

Proverbs and sayings called a pearl folk art. They affect not only the mind, but also the feelings of a person. The teachings contained in them are easy perceived and remembered. Proverbs addressed to children can reveal to them the rules of behavior, moral norms.

Proverbs and sayings are the richest source of cognitive and moral development children.

11 slide:

The riddle is a particularly interesting form of folklore. The pedagogical value of riddles lies in the fact that they introduce joy "thinking", direct attention to the object and phenomena, encourage to delve deeper into the meaning of verbal designations and objects.

12 slide:

Acquaintance children with national holidays, which were part of the work and life of the Russian people children get the opportunity to learn about history people, with his way of life and folk wisdom . During the holidays, children not only sing songs, but also listen to works by Russian composers. This greatly enriches children's experience, expands the range of emotions. Children learn to understand shades emotions: gloomy and bright sadness, quiet and solemn joy.

Over centuries folk games accompany everyday life children, produce vital quality: endurance, strength, dexterity, speed, instill honesty, justice and dignity.

Russians folk games are thousands of years old history:

they have been preserved to this day from ancient times, passed down from generation to generation, incorporating the best national traditions.

In addition to saving folk traditions of the game have a great influence on character education, willpower, interest in folk art and develop physical culture. AT folk games a lot of humor, jokes, competitive enthusiasm; the movements are precise and figurative, often accompanied by unexpected funny moments, tempting and favorite children's counting rhymes, nursery rhymes.

13 slide:

I pay special attention to fairy tales in my work.

A fairy tale is an effective means of influencing a personality

child. She teaches educates, warns, awakens high feelings, induces to action. Generosity, mutual assistance, generosity of soul stand out among the leading features of the Russian national character, these features are clearly represented in the actions of the main fairytale heroes. Listening to fairy tales, gradually and naturally, children comprehend the contradictory interaction of good and evil, happiness and misfortune, responsiveness and indifference.

14 slide:

In my group, I organized an exhibition of joint creative works according to Russian folk tales -"Kolobok, kolobok! I will eat you!" Parents and children took an active part in exhibition: made beautiful crafts from plasticine, tied fairy-tale characters, showed imagination in manufacturing.

15 slide:

Folklore in different types of educational activities.

I use with children:

Modeling - we sculpt pancakes, beat with a nursery rhyme “Grandma, grandma baked pancakes. One Varenka, one Kolenka...

Drawing - draw rain, play with a nursery rhyme "Rain, more rain, the grass will be thicker."

16 slide:

Designing - we are building a house (teremok, using finger gymnastics “The house is standing in a clearing, but the path to it is closed. We open the gate, We invite you to this house”

Russian staging folk tales -"Kolobok, "Teremok" etc.

In the physical parenting- awakening gymnastics “Kwa-kva-kva-kva-kvakushki, Frogs in the reeds! We opened our eyes, We rubbed our ears - Po-ta-gush-ki. Go-goo-ki. Po-ta-gush-ki. ”

I use in regime moments folk games: "At the bear in the forest", "Cat and

mice", "Loaf", "Carousel", "Sun and Rain".

18 slide:

Created in the group an artistic and speech corner with elements oral folk

creativity: card file of nursery rhymes, tongue twisters, riddles, desktop-printed

19 slide:

In my work, I use a variety of forms of work with children:

Reading works of art;

Finger games;

Didactic games;

Board - printed games;

Dramatization games;

Usage multimedia technologies in the process of organized

activities;

Excursions;

Target walks.

Work in kindergarten should be continued in the family, so I use the following forms of work with parents:

parent meetings;

Questioning of parents;

Consultations;

Visual types of work: card index of nursery rhymes, exhibitions creative work on

Joint preparations for the holidays;

Joint learning work oral folk art(numbers,

lullabies);

Help from parents kindergarten in the production of attributes.

21 slide:

Thank you for your attention!

Russian

folk

poetic

creation

St. Petersburg, 2010

Russian

folk

poetic

creation

What is folklore?

Proverbs Sayings Riddles Invocations Fiction Rhymes Rhymes
Proverbs
sayings
Puzzles
invocations
Fables
Rhymes
Pestushki

Folklore

A special kind of art folklore.

Oral - means the transmission by word of mouth, that is, without writing down the text. A feature of folklore is collective authorship, therefore it is called folk art.

Proverbs

A short saying containing folk wisdom. Proverbs usually consist of two parts. In proverbs there are signs of poetic speech: rhythm, rhyme.

B without proverbs and speech is not spoken. To drink from the stream, you have to bend over. The elbow is close, but you won’t bite. On a strange side, I am glad of my little funnel. Where someone is born, there they will come in handy. Ch uzhbina - viburnum, homeland - raspberries.

sayings

Figurative expression. Usually it is part of a proverb or a stable combination of words. Unlike a proverb, it is not a complete judgment.

P chasing two hares. R work slipshod. T pour water in a mortar. At beat two birds with one stone. P Ravda pricks the eyes.

A clever description of an object or phenomenon. The name comes from the word guess - to think, to reason. There is an artistic image in the riddle that helps to find the correct answer.

To the rushed yoke hung across the river.

He ate a lanky, In the cheese of the earth got bogged down.

invocations

Children's songs - appeals to the sun, rainbow, rain and other natural phenomena, to animals and birds.

R arc-arc, don't let it rain. Come on, sunshine, little bell.

Rain, more rain, To make it more fun, My geese are at home, They are not afraid of thunder.

Fables

Funny folk rhymes for children, in which there is nonsense, absurdity, nonsense.

There was a village passing by a peasant, Suddenly a gate barks from under a dog. A club runs out with a boy in his hands, And behind him is a sheepskin coat with a woman on his shoulders. The village shouted: "The men are on fire!" Sundresses in broads are in a hurry to the fire.

Rhymes

A rhyme is a small rhyme, with the help of which they determine who drives in the game.

Tara-bara It's time to go home. To milk the cows for you to drive.

To zealous, long-maned, Rides the field, rides the cornfield. Whoever catches that horse plays tag with us.

Pestushki

Funny folk songs for the entertainment and amusement of young children.

L darlings, darlings. Where were you? "At Grandma's" What did you eat? "Cash". What did they drink? "Brazhka", Grandmother is kind, Kashka is sweet.

E hali, we went To the city for nuts, Over bumps, over bumps. Yes, boom in the hole! They crushed forty flies!

Russian folk tales
Russian folk tales

About Animals Fairy Fiction Household
About animals
magical fantasy
household

An oral story about fictional, unprecedented events.

Folk tales were performed by special storytellers - storytellers.

The story consists of 3 main parts:

beginnings (Once upon a time, in a certain kingdom ...)
fairy tale content

(main events of the tale)

ending (they live, they live, they make good, and I was there………..…)

magical

The protagonist overcomes unusual trials.
There are various miracles.
Wonderful helpers (Grey wolf, Sivka-Burka,)
Magic objects with unusual properties (“living” water, self-collected tablecloth, flying carpet, walking boots)
Dark forces, terrible monsters ( Koschei the Deathless, Baba Yaga, Famously one-eyed, Serpent Gorynych).
Mysterious mood.

Marya morevna.
Morozko.
Princess Frog.
Ivan Tsarevich and grey Wolf.

about animals

Heroes are animals
Magic condition (animals talk, do human things)
The strong protect the weak
Fun mood

Chanterelle - sister and gray wolf.
Cat and fox.
The man and the bear.
Crane and heron.
Zayushkin's hut.

Heroes are ordinary people (soldier, man, worker, wife).
The action takes place in an ordinary life situation (in everyday life): at home, on arable land, at a construction site, at work.
There are various funny situations.
Bad character traits are ridiculed.
Admire the mind, resourcefulness of the main characters.
Fun mood.

Porridge from an ax.
Lutonyushka.
Barin and man.
The arguing wife.
Ivan the Fool.
Lazy wife.

check yourself

1. The words "Once upon a time there were ..." in a fairy tale are:

ending main content of beginnings
ending
main content
beginning

2. In what fairy tales are ordinary people the main characters?

in magical household about animals
in magical
household
about animals

3. Ivan Tsarevich and the gray wolf is a fairy tale

about animals magical household
about animals
magical
household

Russian folk songs

Calendar and ceremonial New Year's Shrovetide spring Semitsko-Trinity stubble
Calendar - ceremonial
New Year's
Maslenitsa
spring
Semitsko-Trinity
stubble

Calendar-ritual songs are associated with traditional rituals, peasant labor and seasons.

They accompanied the first plowing and harvesting of the last sheaf in the field, youth festivities and Christmas or Trinity rites, christenings and weddings.

Kolyadovye
spring
Shrovetide
Semitsko-Troitsky
stubble

New Year's

Winter (New Year's) songs - carols. Caroling - festive rounds of houses on the eve of Christmas with the singing of carols, in which the owners of the house were famous and contained wishes for happiness, wealth, and harvest.

Came Kolyada

Christmas Eve

And God forbid that

Who is in this house.

God would give you

And life and being

And wealth!

Maslenitsa

The song is an invocation of a wide and generous Maslenitsa.

Shrovetide is praised in songs, called to return, called by comic human names: Avdotyushka, Izotievna, Akulina Savvishna.

Oh, yes, here's Maslenitsa,

Oh, he's moving into the yard. Yes, wide, it enters the yard.

Yes, Maslenitsa, go quickly. Yes, broad, go quickly.

Dear our carnival,

Avdotyushka Izotievna!

Dunya is white, Dunya is ruddy,

The braid is long, the ribbon is scarlet!

spring

In stoneflies they called for spring, warmth and parted with winter. They reminded that the time is coming field work, birds fly and "carry spring".

They were not sung, but called, climbing the hillocks and roofs.

F avoronushki On a straw, Fly to us, Bring us a warm Summer, Plow, a harrow. Take the cold winter away from us, We are tired of winter: I ate all the bread.

Semitsko-Troitsk

Summer songs were performed during summer festivities, during the festive week (on Semik and Trinity).

In the Semitsko-Trinity songs, the central place is given to the birch - the main tree of the Slavs, a symbol of warmth and life.

Curly-haired birch, Curly, youthful, Under you, birch tree, Everything is not poppy blooming, Under you, birch tree, Not a fire burns ... Red girls Stand in a round dance, About you, birch tree, All songs are sung.

Autumn songs associated with the beginning, progress and completion of the harvest. In these songs, they glorified the harvest, thanked the women who went out into the field and harvested.

Zhivny songs were sung on vacation, when returning from the field, during work.

Oh, and thank God

They reaped the zhito, They reaped the zhito, And they put it in heaps, On the threshing floor in haystacks, In the crate with bins, And in the oven with pies.

check yourself

1. Carols are songs:

spring christmas stubble
spring
christmas
stubble

2. What tree is sung in Semitsko-Trinity songs?

linden aspen birch
aspen
Birch

3. Life songs refer to

new year autumn spring
new year
autumn
spring

3. What songs did they sing and click while climbing the hills?

stonefly carols Semitsko-Troitsk
carols
stoneflies
Semitsko-Troitsk

epics
epics

What are epics? Heroes of epics Features of the language (stylistics) "Bogatyr" dictionary Obsolete words (archaisms) Art Gallery
What are epics?
Heroes of epics
Features of the language (stylistics)
"Bogatyrsky" dictionary
Obsolete words (archaisms)
Art Gallery

Songs - legends about heroes - defenders of their homeland, folk heroes, composed in the 9th-13th centuries in Ancient Russia. They were told by storytellers-guslars who went from city to city. Epics were performed solemnly, slowly, in a singsong voice.

The epic can be divided into three parts:

chant
beginning
ending

The main characters of epics are Russian heroes. The main feature of epic heroes is love for their native land. Heroes of epics are distinguished by incredible strength, nobility, courage, military prowess, wisdom.

Ancient epics

hero Svyatogor

Kyiv epics -

heroes Dobrynya Nikitich

and Alyosha Popovich.

Vladimir-Suzdal epics

hero Ilya Muromets.

Novgorod epics

heroes Sadko and Vasily Buslaevich

style

Repeats (far, far, long ago, fight, fight)
Hyperbole - exaggerations (... "put them up to a thousand" ...)
Epithets - colorful definitions (a glorious hero, a violent head, combustible tears, a filthy monster, a good horse).
Diminutive - affectionate suffixes (little head, little thought, Aleshenka, Vasenka Buslaevich, Dobrynushka)
Derogatory suffixes
Metaphors, comparisons (... "old age flew to me from a blank field" ...)

Quiver - a case for arrows.
Chain mail is an ancient military armor in the form of a shirt made of steel rings.
Mace - an ancient weapon, a heavy club with a thickened end.
Scabbard - a case for a sword or dagger.
Helmet - military armor that protects the head.
Harness - accessory

for harness.

Shield - a rounded metal board that protects against arrows in battle.

archaisms

Capital city - metropolitan city
straight road - straight road
Road blocked - a road littered with dry trees (decks)
Azure - blue, beautiful
To glorify - to name or glorify
In person - separately
sing - glorify in song
Saffiano - made from fine and soft sheepskin, specially dressed and dyed in a bright color

Vasnetsov

Victor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (1848 - 1926)

"Heroes"

Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov (1844 - 1927)

Epic storyteller Nikita Bogdanov

Ilya Efimovich Repin (1844 - 1930)

Sadko in the underwater kingdom

check yourself

1. Epics belong to the genre

folklore author's work
folklore
author's work

2. How do epics begin

the beginning of the song
beginning
chant

3. Type of heroic weapon - a stick with a thickening at the end

club quiver
quiver
mace

3. Where is Sadko from?

Novgorod Kyiv
Novgorod

4. Obsolete words

archaisms epithets
archaisms
epithets

4. Hero of the epics of the Kyiv cycle

Ilya Muromets Svyatogor
Ilya Muromets
Svyatogor

Communal government agency « secondary school No. 10"

State institution

"Department of Education of the Akimat of Zhitikarinsky District"

ORAL

FOLK

CREATION

Subject area: Initial classes.

Completed by: Rogacheva Vera Viktorovna

primary school teacher

Zhitikara

2015 .

ORAL

FOLK

CREATION

FOLKLORE

invocations

nursery rhymes

GENRES

oral folk art

Fables

Fairy tales

Tongue Twisters

Rhymes

Rhythm

Teaser.

Fiction.

Patter.

Who will you be?
Elizar.
Where are you going?
To the market.
What are you carrying?
Grosh.
What will you buy?
Crap.
Who will you eat with?
One.
Don't eat alone, don't eat alone.

Rhythm

Call.

Fiction.

Patter.

Rain, rain, more!

The hay will be thicker!

Rain, rain, pour!

The loaf will be delicious!

Guess the genre of oral folk art.

Rhythm

Teaser.

Fiction.

Patter.

The village was passing by a peasant.

Suddenly a gate barks from under the dog.

A stick jumped out with a woman in her hand,

And let's beat the horse on the man.

The horse ate lard, and the man ate oats,

The horse sat in the sleigh, and the man drove.

Guess the genre of oral folk art.

Rhythm

teaser

fiction

Patter

The mice came out once

See what time it is.

One two three four.

The mice pulled the weights.

Suddenly there was a terrible ringing -

The mice are out!

Guess the genre of oral folk art.

Rhythm

Teaser.

Fiction.

Patter.

Clocks are walking around the yard Tail of unprecedented beauty. Legs are ankles. How loud. The sun is waking up!

Guess the genre of oral folk art.

Rhythm

Teaser.

Fiction.

Patter.

Forty mice walked

They carried forty pennies,

Two worse mice

They carried two pennies.

Guess the genre of oral folk art.

Proverb.

Teaser.

Fiction.

Patter.

You can't take a fish out of a pond without effort.

What a delight these stories are!

Put the parts of the story in order.

Saying

Zachin

ending

What a marvel - so marvelous! On the sea, on the ocean, on the island of Buyan, there is a tree - golden domes. The cat Bayun walks along this tree: it goes up - it starts a song, it goes down - it tells fairy tales.

In a certain kingdom, in a certain state they lived - there were a king and a queen.

After that they lived happily ever after.

Determine the type of story

Animal Tales

Household fairy tales

Fairy tales

Fox and ant.

Sivka - burka

Ayoga.

check yourself

a) Fairy tales.

b) Folklore.

c) Proverbs.

a) Fables.

b) Fun.

c) Counting.

a) Fables.

b) Fun.

c) Counting.

b) Clean tongues.

a) Pests.

a) a story.

b) Sentence.

c) proverb.

c) a story.

a) Fable.

b) a riddle.

c) a story.

a) Fable.

b) a riddle.

check yourself

1. Works created by the people and passed from mouth to mouth are called:

b) Folklore.

2. Comic verses that accompany children's games are called:

b) Fun.

3. Poems of oral folk art, in which the events described

could not happen in life are called:

a) Fables.

4. These rhyming lines can be used to work on pronunciation:

b) Clean tongues.

5. A short wise saying that instructs and instructs people is called:

c) proverb.

6. A work of oral folk art, in which instead of a subject

or phenomena are described by their signs or actions, called:

b) a riddle.

7. Oral entertaining story about magical stories, events, adventures

people, animals, objects, is called:

c) a story.

V.K. Pavlenko, A.N. Sarzhanova Literary reading.

Textbook for the 2nd grade of a comprehensive school. - Almaty: Atamura, 2013.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_NGY8k5rEI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CnY8W46pUA8
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Slides captions:

"Oral folk art" "Small genres of oral folk art"

Fables A hare sits on a birch, He reads a book aloud. A bear flew to him, Listens, sighs. A goat has two frogs in its beard, A bear sits on its back, Holds on to its ears.

Draw Rose or Mimosa Heads or Tails

Riddles Knock, knock - do not order to be bored. They go, they go, and everything is right there. (Clock) I come with gifts, I shine with bright lights. Elegant, funny, I'm the main one for the New Year. (Christmas tree)

Descriptive riddles Tail with a fluffy arc, do you know such an animal? Answer: A cat jumps across the field - hides its ears, Stands up like a pillar - ears upright. Answer: Hare.

Proverbs For friendship there is no distance. Alphabet - the wisdom of the step. You can't buy mind with money. The strong will conquer one, the one who knows a thousand.

Russian folk tale A fairy tale is a genre of oral folk art with a fantastic content and based on a solid realistic foundation. Types of fairy tales: about animals, magical, household.

Animal Tales "The Fox and the Crane" "The Winter Cabin of the Animals" "The Cat, the Rooster and the Fox", etc.

Fairy tales "Flying ship" "Geese swans" "Sivka Burka"

Household fairy tales "Porridge from an ax" "Husband and wife" "How a man dined with a master"

Elena Olesova
Presentation "Oral folk art in the education of spiritual and moral qualities in young children"

Main goals spiritual and moral education:

Educational:

expand knowledge about the environment

improve speech;

enrich vocabulary

Educational:

to form a respectful, merciful, attentive attitude towards others;

bring up love and respect for the motherland (taking into account the regional component, people, culture, shrines;

cultivate obedience, the desire to imitate good examples, to live according to conscience;

bring up humane treatment of animals and nature.

Educational:

develop Creative skills;

develop cognitive activity, the ability to communicate emotionally;

develop imagination, thinking;

develop interest in folklore.

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In my work with early childhood age i use the following types of small genre:

Lullabies;

invocations;

jokes;

Proverbs;

Sayings;

Folk holidays;

Folk games;

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Verbal Russian folk art contains great poetic

values. Jokes, nursery rhymes have long been used for parenting, especially the smallest, in order to attract their attention, calm, cheer, talk.

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Proverbs and sayings are the richest source of cognitive and moral development children.

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Acquaintance children with national holidays, which were part of the work and life of the Russian people children get the opportunity to learn about history people, with his way of life and folk wisdom. During the holidays, children not only sing songs, but also listen to works by Russian composers. This greatly enriches children's experience, expands the range of emotions. Children learn to understand shades emotions: gloomy and bright sadness, quiet and solemn joy.

Over centuries folk games accompany everyday life children, produce vital quality: endurance, strength, dexterity, speed, instill honesty, justice and dignity.

Russians folk games are thousands of years old history:

they have been preserved to this day from ancient times, passed down from generation to generation, incorporating the best national traditions.

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I pay special attention to fairy tales in my work.

A fairy tale is an effective means of influencing a personality

child. She teaches educates, warns, awakens high feelings, induces to action. Generosity, mutual assistance, generosity of heart stand out among the leading features of the Russian national character, these features are clearly represented in the actions of the main fairy tale characters. Listening to fairy tales, gradually and naturally, children comprehend the contradictory interaction of good and evil, happiness and misfortune, responsiveness and indifference.

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In my group, I organized an exhibition of joint creative works based on Russian folk tales -"Kolobok, kolobok! I will eat you!" Parents and children took an active part in exhibition: made beautiful crafts from plasticine, tied fairy-tale characters, showed imagination in manufacturing.

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Folklore in different types of educational activities.

I use with children:

Modeling - we sculpt pancakes, beat with a nursery rhyme “Grandma, grandma baked pancakes. One Varenka, one Kolenka...

Drawing - draw rain, play with a nursery rhyme "Rain, more rain, the grass will be thicker."

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Designing - we are building a house (teremok, using finger gymnastics “The house is standing in a clearing, but the path to it is closed. We open the gate, We invite you to this house”

Russian staging folk tales -"Kolobok, "Teremok" etc.

In the physical parenting- awakening gymnastics “Kwa-kva-kva-kva-kvakushki, Frogs in the reeds! We opened our eyes, We rubbed our ears - Po-ta-gush-ki. Go-goo-ki. Po-ta-gush-ki. ”

I use in regime moments folk games: "At the bear in the forest", "Cat and

mice", "Loaf", "Carousel", "Sun and Rain".

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Created in the group an artistic and speech corner with elements oral folk

creativity: card file of nursery rhymes, tongue twisters, riddles, desktop-printed

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In my work, I use a variety of forms of work with children:

Reading works of art;

Finger games;

Didactic games;

Board - printed games;

Dramatization games;