From time immemorial, people have been sewing clothes. Millennia changed, new fabrics and styles appeared, but clothing remained an indispensable attribute of human life.
The first cutters appeared in Ancient Greece in the 3rd century BC. These specialists enjoyed great honor and respect, and the best craftsmen had the honor of dressing the kings and queens themselves.
In Russia, in the period from the 18th to the 20th century, the profession of a cutter was relevant and in demand. Usually men became cutters. The services of cutters were used not only by the upper strata of society, but also by ordinary people. In pre-revolutionary Russia, wearing a ready-made dress was considered the lot of people with limited means, the rich preferred to sew clothes to order. Graduates of cutting and sewing schools and needlework classes received certificates that gave them the right to work as cutters, open private schools and sewing courses. Pre-revolutionary Russia boasted an abundance of fashion houses, ateliers and workshops. Only in St. Petersburg in the 1900s there were more than 120 of them. The famous fashion houses in St. Petersburg were the House of Brizak, the House of Hindus, the House of Olga Buldenkova, who were the suppliers of the Court and worked for the imperial family and court ladies-in-waiting.
At the beginning of the post-Soviet period, a flood of cheap and not always high-quality ready-made clothes poured into Russia. For the most part, people have practically stopped turning to the services of cutters. But today the situation has changed radically: consumer interest is again turned to the individuality, quality and exclusivity of clothing.
Type and class of profession
The profession of a cutter belongs to the "Man - Artistic Image" type, as it is associated with the creation, design, modeling art products(clothes and shoes).
An additional type of profession is "Man - Sign", as it is associated with working with symbolic information: numbers, tables, drawings.
According to the class, the profession of a cutter is heuristic (creative), since it is associated with creative activity, solving non-standard problems, designing and designing.
Activity content
A cutter is a craftsman who is engaged in cutting products from various materials for sewing clothes individual orders and a clothing repair shop.
The main thing in the activity of a cutter is to be able to "read" the sketches of clothing models and understand what constructive means can be used to bring them to life.
The duties of a cutter include:
taking measurements from the client (customer);
clarification of the client's wishes and a sketch of the selected style option, drawing up an order passport;
making patterns for cutting;
performing an economical layout of the pattern on the fabric and cutting the fabric;
determining the order of sewing operations and their distribution among the masters of the sewing team;
quality control of finished products, elimination of identified defects;
reshaping of individual parts (when repairing clothes).
Requirements for the knowledge and skills of a specialist
The cutter must know:
general arrangement and rules for the operation of sewing machines;
rules and methods of technology and organization of sewing works, designing of garments;
ways of cutting fabric;
plastic properties of tissue in compositional construction;
techniques for constructing clothing details;
principles of designing parts of clothing products;
basics of artistic design of clothes (design, model sketch);
modeling and decoration of clothes;
the basics of artistic graphics of the costume;
features of the choice of styles, materials, design, modeling of products for customers different ages, figures and appearance;
ways to eliminate defects and fit products according to the figure, rational use of materials and consumption rates of materials for products;
the technical documentation involved in the work.
A professional cutter must be aware of the latest trends and be interested in the cutting edge of modern fashion, and must also be able to:
to make cutting when sewing and reshaping when repairing, updating, re-sewing clothing items of a coat, suit and dress range, industrial clothing with taking measurements according to the silhouette bases of patterns received from modeling organizations;
choose the styles of products with a sketch of them in the passports of orders and taking measurements from the figure of the customer;
to make patterns for cutting products of selected styles;
carry out fitting of products on the figure of the customer during the manufacturing process, grinding and trimming of parts after fitting;
check the quality of finished products in terms of aesthetic and constructive-ergonomic indicators, hand over finished products to customers;
agree with customers on the nature of the repair of products, identify defects in materials or products brought for repair, renovation, alteration.
Requirements to individual characteristics specialist
The profession of a cutter is suitable for people who have a slight hearing loss of varying degrees, on the basis of which independent speech development is possible, since verbal communication with customers is expected. If necessary, the use of special hearing aids is acceptable.
K professionally important qualities cutter include:
a high level of development of visual-figurative and visual-effective thinking;
creative thinking;
accurate eye gauge;
well-developed color discrimination;
developed spatial imagination;
developed figurative and visual memory;
ability to concentrate;
developed visual-motor coordination and fine motor skills of the hands;
interest in new things;
artistic ability;
accuracy, attention to detail;
propensity for precise work and manual labor.
Working conditions
The workplace of the cutter is a table for cutting fabrics. The profession of a cutter is characterized by a large number of manual operations.
In his work, the cutter uses chalk, pencil, pens, mechanical and electrical appliances, measuring devices, drawings, patterns.
The working conditions at the workplaces of specialists with hearing impairments must comply with the Individual Rehabilitation Program for the Disabled, developed by the Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise.
The design of all elements production equipment and the organization of the workplace must comply with the anthropometric, physiological and psychological characteristics, as well as the limited capabilities of working disabled people.
When organizing the work of a cutter with hearing impairments, buildings and premises where activities are carried out must be equipped with information indicators of the fire system, as well as visual landmarks: various illuminated signs in the form of symbols and pictograms using bright colors that contrast with the background surface; Contrasting color marking of inputs. Text Information should be as short as possible. Landmarks-indicators of the direction of movement should be of the same type for the entire volume of the building and buildings of the same complex.
For hearing impaired professionals daily work established in accordance with the medical opinion.
Medical contraindications
The main contraindication in the work of the cutter is the inability to labor activity in accordance with a medical certificate issued in accordance with the procedure established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts Russian Federation.
Medical contraindications for working as a cutter include:
complete hearing loss - hearing is completely absent or there is residual hearing, on the basis of which independent speech formation is impossible;
significant hearing loss with severe underdevelopment of speech;
traumatic brain injury;
severe diseases of the musculoskeletal system with damage to the functions of the upper limbs, with deformity of the hands;
speech and articulation disorders;
mental and nervous diseases (severe and moderate form of poliomyelitis);
violation of coordination of movements of the hands and fingers, hand tremor;
mental and behavioral disorders (with moderate and severe persistent or often exacerbated painful manifestations);
mental retardation;
epilepsy;
severe visual impairment, complete loss of vision.
Ways to get a profession
The profession of a cutter is taught in institutions of primary and secondary vocational education and in advanced training courses in the system of additional vocational education.
In the next educational institutions of the city of Moscow, providing vocational training for people with hearing impairments, you can gain knowledge and skills in the profession of a cutter:
Moscow College of Service and Tourism N 29;
Moscow State Specialized Institute
Arts (GSII) of the Russian International Center for Creative Rehabilitation of the Disabled (specialty "Cutter");
College of hospitality industry and management N 23 (specialty "Seamstress", "Cutter").
Ways of obtaining a profession in the regions of the Russian Federation
The necessary professional training for working as a cutter can be obtained at the following educational institutions of the Russian Federation that train people with hearing impairments:
Sergiev Posad vocational boarding school;
St. Petersburg Interregional Center for the Rehabilitation of Persons with Hearing Problems;
Novocherkassk technological boarding school;
Dimitrovgrad vocational boarding school;
Armavir vocational boarding school;
Kineshma technological boarding school;
Kamyshov vocational boarding school;
Chelyabinsk vocational school-boarding school No. 2;
St. Petersburg Vocational School No. 80;
Lipetsk Vocational School No. 5;
Samara Vocational School No. 20;
Saratov educational complex for the disabled;
Sarapul College for the Disabled;
Ivanovo vocational boarding school;
Ufa Vocational School No. 63;
October professional lyceum № 22;.
Ukholovskoe vocational boarding school.
Areas of application of professional knowledge
Cutters work in fashion houses, ateliers for individual tailoring and repair of clothes, in garment factories, and also do individual work on orders from private individuals.
Career prospects
Often, the professional growth of a cutter is due to the development of new techniques and methods of work, obtaining a new professional experience, increasing the rank. There is such a path for the development of a cutter's career as the development of related professions in the production of leather goods and fur products.
In addition, a professional cutter with extensive practical experience can successfully carry out pedagogical activity in specialized educational institutions as a master of industrial training.
With a specialized secondary vocational education, a cutter can become a chief cutter and even a manager of a small atelier.
However, the career growth of a cutter is associated not only with the acquisition of practical experience and the ability to solve complex professional problems, but also with an increase in the educational level.
The acquisition of specialized higher professional education allows the cutter to work as a fashion designer, fashion designer, director of a fashion house, head of a garment factory, etc.
There is also an individual entrepreneurial path to develop a career as a cutter, which will provide both creative and financial stability to the specialist.
Cutter (cutter)- a specialist in cutting materials in the manufacture of clothing, footwear and other textile and leather products. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in world artistic culture and work and economy (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).
Features of the profession
What exactly a cutter does depends on the specialization and place of work.
Cutters can specialize in one of the areas (clothes, shoes, curtains, etc.).
Cutter clothing atelier helps the client in choosing a style, fabric, sketches the chosen option, takes measurements, and then makes a pattern and cuts the fabric.
He passes the resulting blanks to the seamstress, who sews the parts (first “on a live thread”).
Before the ordered dress or suit is ready, the cutter meets with the client several times and tries on. He adjusts the product according to the figure, eliminates shortcomings, clarifies the wishes of the client, monitors the quality of the seamstress's work.
working at the factory where clothes, shoes, accessories, furniture upholstery, etc. are mass-produced, the cutter does not work individually with the client. He develops and uses patterns for mass cutting of raw materials, and then entrusts the blanks to the masters of the sewing workshop.
working individually, the cutter can do the work of a seamstress himself. Such a master is called the generalizing word "tailor" / "dressmaker".
Usually in sewing studios and factories, a clear division of labor is observed. But if the cutter is fluent in all operations, he can work in a group serving a fashion designer (constructor, designer) of clothes. He can create exclusive copies - the first copies of models from the fashion designer's collection.
Important qualities
Precise aesthetic sense, interest in fashion, ability to draw, sketch are needed; volumetric eye; good hand coordination; sociability.
Poor eyesight is a contraindication for working as a cutter.
Salary
Salary as of 04.06.2019
Russia 20000—70000 ₽
Moscow 30000—90000 ₽
Knowledge and skills
It is necessary to know modern fashion trends, understand the principles of decoration, be able to “read” sketches of clothing models and understand what constructive means can bring them to life. To do this, you need to master the methods of design and cutting.
Where do they teach
The specialty of a tailor-cutter can be obtained in college, vocational school, as well as in paid courses.
From time immemorial, people have been sewing clothes. Millennia changed, new fabrics and styles appeared, but clothing remained an indispensable attribute of human life.
The first cutters appeared in Ancient Greece in the 3rd century BC. These specialists enjoyed great honor and respect, and the best craftsmen had the honor of dressing the kings and queens themselves.
In Russia, in the period from the 18th to the 20th century, the profession of a cutter was relevant and in demand. Usually men became cutters. The services of cutters were used not only by the upper strata of society, but also by ordinary people. In pre-revolutionary Russia, wearing a ready-made dress was considered the lot of people with limited means, the rich preferred to sew clothes to order. Graduates of cutting and sewing schools and needlework classes received certificates that gave them the right to work as cutters, open private schools and sewing courses. Pre-revolutionary Russia boasted an abundance of fashion houses, ateliers and workshops. Only in St. Petersburg in the 1900s there were more than 120 of them. The famous fashion houses in St. Petersburg were the House of Brizak, the House of Hindus, the House of Olga Buldenkova, who were the suppliers of the Court and worked for the imperial family and court ladies-in-waiting.
At the beginning of the post-Soviet period, a flood of cheap and not always high-quality ready-made clothes poured into Russia. For the most part, people have practically stopped turning to the services of cutters. But today the situation has changed radically: consumer interest is again turned to the individuality, quality and exclusivity of clothing.
Type and class of profession
The profession of a cutter belongs to the "Man - Artistic Image" type, as it is associated with the creation, design, modeling of artistic products (clothes and shoes).
An additional type of profession is "Man - Sign", as it is associated with working with symbolic information: numbers, tables, drawings.
According to the class, the profession of a cutter is heuristic (creative), since it is associated with creative activity, solving non-standard problems, designing and designing.
A cutter is a craftsman who cuts products from various materials for sewing clothes for individual orders at service enterprises, as well as repairs clothes.
The main thing in the activity of a cutter is to be able to "read" the sketches of clothing models and understand what constructive means can be used to bring them to life.
The duties of a cutter include:
Requirements for the knowledge and skills of a specialist
The cutter must know:
general arrangement and rules for the operation of sewing machines;
rules and methods of technology and organization of sewing works, designing of garments;
ways of cutting fabric;
plastic properties of tissue in compositional construction;
techniques for constructing clothing details;
principles of designing parts of clothing products;
basics of artistic design of clothes (design, model sketch);
modeling and decoration of clothes;
the basics of artistic graphics of the costume;
features of the choice of styles, materials, design, modeling of products for customers of different ages, figures and appearance;
ways to eliminate defects and fit products according to the figure, rational use of materials and consumption rates of materials for products;
the technical documentation involved in the work.
A professional cutter must be aware of the latest trends and be interested in the cutting edge of modern fashion, and must also be able to:
to make cutting when sewing and reshaping when repairing, updating, re-sewing clothing items of a coat, suit and dress range, industrial clothing with taking measurements according to the silhouette bases of patterns received from modeling organizations;
choose the styles of products with a sketch of them in the passports of orders and taking measurements from the figure of the customer;
to make patterns for cutting products of selected styles;
carry out fitting of products on the figure of the customer during the manufacturing process, grinding and trimming of parts after fitting;
check the quality of finished products in terms of aesthetic and constructive-ergonomic indicators, hand over finished products to customers;
agree with customers on the nature of the repair of products, identify defects in materials or products brought for repair, renovation, alteration.
Requirements for the individual characteristics of a specialist
The profession of a cutter is suitable for people who have a slight hearing loss of varying degrees, on the basis of which independent speech development is possible, since verbal communication with customers is expected. If necessary, the use of special hearing aids is acceptable.
Professionally important qualities of a cutter include:
a high level of development of visual-figurative and visual-effective thinking;
creative thinking;
accurate eye gauge;
well-developed color discrimination;
developed spatial imagination;
developed figurative and visual memory;
ability to concentrate;
developed visual-motor coordination and fine motor skills of the hands;
interest in new things;
artistic ability;
accuracy, attention to detail;
propensity for precise work and manual labor.
Working conditions
The workplace of the cutter is a table for cutting fabrics. The profession of a cutter is characterized by a large number of manual operations.
In his work, the cutter uses chalk, pencil, pens, mechanical and electrical appliances. , measuring devices, drawings, patterns.
The working conditions at the workplaces of specialists with hearing impairments must comply with the Individual Rehabilitation Program for the Disabled, developed by the Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise.
The design of all elements of production equipment and the organization of the workplace must comply with the anthropometric, physiological and psychological characteristics, as well as the limited capabilities of working disabled people.
When organizing the work of a cutter with hearing impairments, buildings and premises where activities are carried out must be equipped with information indicators of the fire system, as well as visual landmarks: various illuminated signs in the form of symbols and pictograms using bright colors that contrast with the background surface; Contrasting color marking of inputs. Text information should be as short as possible. Landmarks-indicators of the direction of movement should be of the same type for the entire volume of the building and buildings of the same complex.
For specialists with hearing impairments, the duration of daily work is determined in accordance with the medical report.
Medical contraindications
The main contraindication in the work of a cutter is the inability to perform this labor activity in accordance with a medical certificate issued in accordance with the procedure established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
Medical contraindications for working as a cutter include:
complete hearing loss - hearing is completely absent or there is residual hearing, on the basis of which independent speech formation is impossible;
significant hearing loss with severe underdevelopment of speech;
traumatic brain injury;
severe diseases of the musculoskeletal system with damage to the functions of the upper limbs, with deformity of the hands;
speech and articulation disorders;
mental and nervous diseases (severe and moderate form of poliomyelitis);
violation of coordination of movements of the hands and fingers, hand tremor;
mental and behavioral disorders (with moderate and severe persistent or often exacerbated painful manifestations);
mental retardation;
epilepsy;
severe visual impairment, complete loss of vision.
Ways to get a profession
The profession of a cutter is taught in institutions of primary and secondary vocational education and in advanced training courses in the system of additional vocational education.
In the following educational institutions of the city of Moscow that provide vocational training for people with hearing impairments, you can gain knowledge and skills in the profession of a cutter:
Moscow College of Service and Tourism N 29;
Moscow State Specialized Institute
Arts (GSII) of the Russian International Center for Creative Rehabilitation of the Disabled (specialty "Cutter");
College of hospitality industry and management N 23 (specialty "Seamstress", "Cutter").
Ways of obtaining a profession in the regions of the Russian Federation
The necessary professional training for working as a cutter can be obtained at the following educational institutions of the Russian Federation that train people with hearing impairments:
- Sergiev Posad vocational boarding school;
- St. Petersburg Interregional Center for the Rehabilitation of Persons with Hearing Problems;
- Novocherkassk technological boarding school;
- Dimitrovgrad vocational boarding school;
- Armavir vocational boarding school;
- Kineshma technological boarding school;
- Kamyshov vocational boarding school;
- Chelyabinsk vocational school-boarding school No. 2;
- St. Petersburg Vocational School No. 80;
- Lipetsk Vocational School No. 5;
- Samara Vocational School No. 20;
- Saratov educational complex for the disabled;
- Sarapul College for the Disabled;
- Ivanovo vocational boarding school;
- Ufa Vocational School No. 63;
- October professional lyceum № 22;.
- Ukholovskoe vocational boarding school.
Areas of application of professional knowledge
Cutters work in fashion houses, ateliers for individual tailoring and repair of clothes, in garment factories, and also do individual work on orders from private individuals.
Career prospects
Often, the professional growth of a cutter is due to the development of new techniques and ways of working, gaining new professional experience, and increasing the rank. There is such a path for the development of a cutter's career as the development of related professions in the production of leather goods and fur products.
In addition, a professional cutter with extensive practical experience can successfully carry out teaching activities in specialized educational institutions as a master of industrial training.
With a specialized secondary vocational education, a cutter can become a chief cutter and even a manager of a small atelier.
However, the career growth of a cutter is associated not only with the acquisition of practical experience and the ability to solve complex professional problems, but also with an increase in the educational level.
The acquisition of specialized higher professional education allows the cutter to work as a fashion designer, fashion designer, director of a fashion house, head of a garment factory, etc.
There is also an individual entrepreneurial path to develop a career as a cutter, which will provide both creative and financial stability to the specialist.
We bring to your attention a typical example of a job description for a cutter, a sample of 2019. A person with education and work experience can be appointed to this position. Do not forget, each cutter's instruction is handed out against receipt.
It provides typical information about the knowledge that a cutter should have. About duties, rights and responsibilities.
This material is included in the huge library of our site, which is updated daily.
1. General Provisions
1. The cutter belongs to the category of workers.
2. A person who has: education ___________ and work experience ___________ at least _______ years is accepted for the position of a cutter. (type, characteristic)
3. The cutter is hired and dismissed by the director of the organization on the proposal of _______________ head of production (section, workshop)
4. The cutter must know:
a) special (professional) knowledge of the position:
— basics of design and cutting;
– technology of cutting, tailoring and repair of underwear and bed linen, corsetry;
— modern direction of modeling;
- the purpose and properties of the materials used;
b) general knowledge organization employee:
— rules and norms of labor protection, safety measures, industrial sanitation and fire protection,
- rules for the use of personal protective equipment;
- requirements for the quality of work (services) performed, for the rational organization of labor in the workplace;
- types of marriage and ways to prevent and eliminate it;
- production signaling.
5. In his activities, the cutter is guided by:
— Charter of the organization,
- orders and directives organization director,
- real job description,
— Rules of internal work schedule organizations.
6. The cutter reports directly to _____________ a worker with a higher qualification, the head of production (section, workshop), etc.
7. During the absence of the cutter (business trip, vacation, illness, etc.), his duties are performed by a person appointed by the director of the organization on the proposal of _____________ production manager (site, workshop) in the prescribed manner, who acquires the appropriate rights, duties and is responsible for the fulfillment of the assigned duties on him.
2. Job responsibilities of the cutter
The duties of a cutter are:
a) Special (professional) official duties:
– Cutting the material when sewing, reshaping during the repair of underwear and bed linen, corsetry products with taking measurements according to the silhouette bases of the patterns received from modeling organizations.
– Choice of styles of products, trying on products on the figure of customers, marking with chalk and trimming parts after fitting, handing over finished products to customers.
– Coordination with customers of the nature of the repair of underwear, corsetry.
- Identification of defects in the material or corset products brought in for repair - when working under the guidance of a cutter with a higher qualification.
b) General duties of an employee of the organization:
— Compliance with the Internal Labor Regulations and other local regulations of the organization.
— Compliance with internal rules and norms of labor protection, safety, industrial sanitation and fire protection.
- Ensuring cleanliness and order in the workplace.
— Execution within employment contract orders of employees to whom it is repaired in accordance with this instruction.
– Performing work on the acceptance and delivery of shifts, cleaning and washing, disinfection of serviced equipment and communications, cleaning the workplace, fixtures, tools, as well as keeping them in proper condition.
- Maintaining established technical documentation.
3. Rights of the cutter
The cutter has the right:
1. Submit proposals for management consideration:
– to improve the work related to the provisions of this responsibilities,
— on bringing to material and disciplinary responsibility employees who violated production and labor discipline.
2. Request from structural divisions and employees of the organization the information necessary for him to perform his duties.
3. Get acquainted with the documents that define his rights and obligations in his position, the criteria for assessing the quality of performance of official duties.
4. Get acquainted with the draft decisions of the organization's management regarding its activities.
5. Require the management of the organization to provide assistance, including the provision of organizational and technical conditions and the execution of established documents necessary for the performance of official duties.
6. Other rights established by the current labor law.
4. Responsibility of the cutter
The cutter is responsible in the following cases:
1. For improper performance or non-performance of their official duties provided for by this job description - within the limits established by the labor legislation of the Russian Federation.
2. For offenses committed in the course of their activities - within the limits established by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.
3. For causing material damage organizations - within the limits established by the current labor and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.
The job description of the cutter is a sample of 2019. The duties of the cutter, the rights of the cutter, the responsibility of the cutter.
Profession cutter
A cutter is a profession in the garment industry. A cutter can work in garment factories, ateliers, salons, in shops in the fabric departments, teach in educational institutions, teach cutting and sewing courses, work at home.
Functional and job responsibilities of the cutter
The cutter advises the customer in choosing the style of the product, takes measurements from the client's figure, sketches the style of the product, taking into account the wishes and preferences of the customer, makes a pattern, cutting, distributes the sewing work finished product between seamstresses, tries on the product, delivers the order to the client. The cutter also organizes the work of tailors and seamstresses to repair clothes.
Qualification requirements for a cutter
It is enough for a cutter to have an average professional education, good sewing skills, ability to work with drawings, know the properties of various fabrics. The cutter must have a good eye, spatial imagination, artistic taste, navigate the fashion trends of the season, possess such qualities as attentiveness, stress resistance, goodwill, perseverance, accuracy.
Career and salary of a cutter
The profession of a cutter has an average level of demand in the labor market, the level wages- medium or high, depending on the place of work, the level of professionalism. Career opportunities are limited. With sufficient work experience, professionalism, clientele, the cutter can organize his own business.
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