02/09/2014 (updated on 05/09/2019) - We present to your attention an instruction on labor protection for the driver (fireman) of a solid fuel boiler. The instruction includes five chapters: 1) general requirements for labor protection; 2) labor protection requirements before starting work; 3) requirements for labor protection when performing work; 4) requirements for labor protection upon completion of work; 5) requirements for labor protection in emergency situations.

See also: overalls, work shoes and personal protective equipment

Chapter 1. General requirements on labor protection

1. Persons whose age corresponds to the established legislation, who have undergone a medical examination in the prescribed manner and who have no contraindications to the performance of this type of work, who have undergone a special technical training who passed the exam of the qualification commission in the presence of the inspector of Gospromnadzor and received a certificate for the right to service boilers.

Before admission to independent work, the boiler-house operator (fireman) must undergo an internship for 2-14 shifts (depending on the nature of the work and the qualifications of the employee) under the guidance of a specially appointed person.

2. Periodic medical examination of the driver (fireman) of the boiler room (hereinafter referred to as the driver) is carried out in the manner established by the Ministry of Health.

3. A driver must pass a periodic examination of knowledge on labor protection issues at least once every 12 months.

An unscheduled test of knowledge on labor protection issues the driver passes in the following cases:

When there is a break in work in the specialty for more than one year;

When moving to another company;

At the request of a higher authority, responsible persons of the enterprise;

At the request of state supervision and control bodies;

Upon the introduction of new or revised regulatory legal acts (documents) on labor protection;

In case of transfer to maintenance of boilers of another type;

When transferring the boiler to burning another type of fuel.

In case of a break in work in the specialty for more than one year, the driver, after checking his knowledge before being allowed to work independently, must undergo an internship to restore practical skills according to a program approved by the management of the enterprise.

Books on attestation of workplaces in terms of working conditions in, "Bamboo" (Ukraine)

4. The driver must undergo labor protection briefings:

when applying for a job - introductory and primary at the workplace;

in the process of work at least once in 6 months - repeated;

upon introduction of new and revised normative acts (documents) on labor protection or amendments to them;

change in the technological process, replacement or modernization of equipment, instruments and tools, raw materials, materials and other factors affecting labor protection;

violation by the worker of normative legal acts (documents) on labor protection, which could lead or have led to injury, accident or poisoning;

at the request of state bodies of supervision and control, a higher authority, responsible persons of the enterprise;

during breaks in work for more than b months; receipt of information materials about accidents and incidents that occurred in similar industries - unscheduled.

5 The driver must:

Know the requirements set out in " Rules for the design and safe operation of steam and hot water boilers”, “Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Pressure Vessels”, instructions from the manufacturer for the operation of the boiler, technological instructions and instructions for labor protection;

Have a clear understanding of the hazardous and harmful production factors associated with the performance of work and know the main ways to protect against their effects:

main harmful and dangerous production factors: increased concentration of harmful substances in the air working area, increased temperature of equipment surfaces, increased air temperature of the working area, insufficient illumination of the working area.

Know the requirements of electrical and explosion fire safety when performing work and be able to use fire extinguishing equipment;

When performing work, use personal protective equipment issued in accordance with the Model Industry Standards for the free issue of special clothing, special footwear and other items to workers and employees. personal protective equipment:

cotton costume Mi - 12 months;

cotton jacket with insulating lining Tn - 36 months;

leather boots Mi - 12 months;

combined mittens - until worn out;

goggles - until worn out.

Be able to provide first aid to the victim;

Comply with the internal labor regulations;

Know the sanitary and hygienic working conditions and comply with the requirements of industrial sanitation.

6. The driver must not leave the place of work, engage in extraneous affairs, endanger himself and be in places of work that are not directly related to the work he performs.

7. The victim or eyewitness must immediately report each accident at work to the immediate supervisor of the work, who is obliged:

Organize first aid to the victim and his delivery to the medical center;

Report the incident to the head of the department;

Prior to the start of the work of the investigation commission, the situation at the workplace and the condition of the equipment are the same as they were at the time of the incident, if this does not threaten the life and health of the surrounding workers and does not lead to an accident.

8. The driver must inform the immediate supervisor of the work about all noticed malfunctions of equipment, mechanisms, devices, make an entry in the shift log and do not start work until they are eliminated.

9. The driver is responsible for:

Compliance with the requirements of the manufacturer's instructions for the operation of the boiler, technological instructions and instructions for labor protection, rules for electrical and explosion safety;

Compliance with the established procedure for the production of work, maintaining a shift log;

Serviceability and safety of the operated equipment, devices;

Accidents, accidents and other violations caused by the actions of the driver who violates the requirements of the manufacturer's instructions for the operation of the boiler, technological instructions and labor protection instructions.

10. For violation of labor discipline, non-compliance with the requirements of normative and technical documents on labor protection, the driver is subject to disciplinary liability in accordance with Labor Code.

11. The driver, who appeared at work in a state of intoxication, in a state of narcotic or toxic intoxication, is not allowed to work on that day (shift) (see. sobriety control).

12. The driver is obliged to perform work due to employment contract, must assist and cooperate with the employer in ensuring healthy and safe working conditions, immediately notify his immediate supervisor or other official of the employer about the malfunction of equipment, tools, devices, vehicles, protective equipment, about the deterioration of his health.

Chapter 2. Requirements for labor protection before starting work

13. The organization of the driver's workplace must ensure the safety of the work.

14. The boiler room should not be cluttered with any materials or objects. Passages and exits from it must always be free. Doors for exiting the boiler room should open easily to the outside.

15. The driver's workplace should be well lit. Readings should be clearly visible from the workplace thermometers, pressure gauges, water-indicating glasses and other instrumentation.

In addition to working lighting, the boiler room must have emergency electric lighting.

16. For convenient and safe maintenance of boilers, superheaters and economizers, permanent platforms and stairs with railings at least 0.9 m high with a solid sheathing at the bottom of at least 100 mm should be installed. Walkways and stairs should have railings on both sides. Platforms longer than 5 m must have at least two ladders located at opposite ends.

17. Rotating parts of pumps, fans, smoke exhausters, as well as electrical equipment must be protected by special guards.

18. The presence of unauthorized persons in the boiler room is not allowed.

19. Before starting work, the driver must:

Put in order and put on overalls and safety shoes (for manual loading of fuel);

Make sure that you have a certificate for the right to service boilers;

Familiarize yourself with the entries in the shift log about the detected defects and malfunctions for the previous shift and with all the instructions of the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers;

Check the condition of the operational (technological) scheme of the boiler room;

Check the serviceability of the Serviced boilers and related equipment;

Check the serviceability of emergency lighting and signaling to call the management;

Check the availability of fire fighting equipment and a first aid kit;

Write down the detected defects and malfunctions in the shift log and sign the shift acceptance log. If the detected defects and malfunctions prevent the further operation of the boilers, the driver must immediately inform the immediate supervisor of the work.

20. When inspecting serviced boilers and related equipment, the driver must check:

The presence of a plate on the boiler indicating the registration number, permitted pressure, date, month and year of the next internal inspection and hydraulic test;

Serviceability of the boiler, furnace, headset, fittings;

The water level in the drums of steam boilers, the serviceability of water-indicating instruments, signaling devices for limiting water levels;

Steam pressure in all operating steam boilers, water pressure in hot water boilers;

Serviceability of safety valves by purging them and inspecting the correctness of securing the load;

The operation of all feed and circulation pumps available in the boiler room by briefly putting them into operation;

The serviceability of the drain and purge valves and the absence of gaps in it. On the handwheels of the fittings, the direction of rotation when opening and closing the fittings must be indicated;

The condition and operation of the ventilation system, as well as smoke exhausters, paying attention to the absence of vibration, noise and knocks during their operation;

The position of the air dampers, the amount of draft and blast;

Condition and work superheaters, economizers and air heaters;

Dates of the last blowdowns of boilers, superheaters, economizers and air heaters (according to the log);

Compliance of the operating mode of the boilers with the specified parameters;

Flue gas temperature behind the boiler and superheated steam temperature;

Serviceability of diaphragms of explosive (safety) valves of the furnace and gas ducts;

Status of safety and regulation automation.

21. It is not allowed to take or hand over a shift during an accident in the boiler room.

Chapter 3. Requirements for labor protection when performing work

22. Safety requirements when preparing the boiler for kindling.

23. Before kindling the boiler, the driver must check:

Serviceability of the furnace and gas ducts, locking and control devices;

Serviceability of control and measuring devices, fittings, headsets, nutritional devices, safety valves, smoke exhausters and fans, the presence of natural draft;

Filling the boiler with water to the lowest level mark, and in the presence of a water economizer - filling it with water;

Is the water level in the boiler kept and is there any water passing through hatches, flanges and fittings;

Lack of plugs before and after safety valves, on steam pipelines, on feed, drain and purge lines;

The absence of people or foreign objects in the furnace and gas ducts (tools, cleaning material, bolts, etc.);

Closing the gates of those boilers that will not be melted.

24. Immediately before kindling the boiler, the driver must ventilate the furnace and boiler flues for 10-15 minutes by opening the furnace doors, blower, dampers for regulating the air supply, natural draft dampers, and if there are smoke exhausters and fans, by turning them on.

25. Safety requirements for kindling the boiler.

25.1. The driver is obliged to kindle the boiler only if there is an order recorded in the shift log by the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers or by the person performing his duties.

25.2. The kindling of the boiler must be carried out within the time set by the technological instruction, with low fire, reduced draft, closed steam valve and open safety valve or valve (tap) for air release.

25.3. When kindling the boiler, the driver must:

Throw a layer of coarse fuel onto the grate ( briquette, coal);

Light the boiler with a slightly open blower with dry firewood or hot coals taken from the furnace of a working boiler;

Ensure that burning coals lie evenly over the entire grate;

gradually increase the fuel supply to the furnace, at the same time add blast and thrust;

Regulate the blast as the fuel burns up with a damper installed on the air duct, and control it with a draft gauge;

Then feed conventional fuel into the furnace.

25.4. When kindling the boiler, it is prohibited:

Use flammable materials (gasoline, kerosene, etc.);

Stand against the furnace doors.

25.5. When steam begins to escape from an open safety valve or air valve, the operator must close the safety valve or air valve and open the blowdown valve downstream of the superheater.

26. Safety requirements when putting the boiler into operation.

26.1. Before putting the boiler into operation, the operator must:

Check the serviceability of the operation of safety valves, water-indicating instruments, pressure gauges, nutritional devices;

Blow out the water-indicating glasses and check the water level in the boiler;

Check and turn on the safety automation, signaling devices and automatic boiler control equipment;

Blow out the boiler;

Warm up and blow out the steam line.

26.2 The boiler must be connected to the steam pipeline slowly by the operator, after thorough heating and purging of the steam pipeline. When warming up the steam pipeline, the driver is obliged to monitor the serviceability of the steam pipeline, compensators, supports and suspensions. In the event of vibration or sharp shocks, it is necessary to suspend the heating of the steam pipeline until the defects are eliminated.

26.3. When the boiler is connected to a steam pipeline that is in operation, the pressure in the boiler must be equal to or somewhat lower (no more than 0.5 kgf / cm2) of the pressure in the steam pipeline, while the intensity of combustion in the furnace must be reduced. If vibration or hydraulic shocks occur in the steam pipeline, it is necessary to stop the boiler from turning on and increase the steam pipeline purging.

26.4. As the boiler load increases, the blowdown of the superheater decreases, and when it reaches about half of the normal load, it stops.

26.5. It is forbidden to put the boiler into operation with faulty fittings, feeders, safety automatics and alarms.

27. The driver must record the start time of kindling and putting the boiler into operation in a shift log.

28. Safety requirements during boiler operation.

28.1. While on duty, the driver must:

Monitor the health of the boiler and all equipment of the boiler room and strictly observe the established mode of operation of the boiler;

Ensure normal combustion of fuel in the boiler furnace and maintain a constant vacuum in the upper part of the furnace of at least 20 Pa (2 mm water column);

Maintain a normal water level in the boiler and evenly feed it with water. At the same time, the water level must not be allowed to fall below the permissible lower level or rise above the permissible higher level;

Monitor the maintenance of normal steam pressure in the boiler, the temperature of superheated steam, feed water after the economizer (for steam boilers);

Maintain normal water pressure before and after the boiler, water temperature at the outlet of the boiler (for hot water boilers);

Perform periodic purging of the boiler and checking the serviceability of the operation of pressure gauges, safety valves and water-indicating instruments;

Regularly clean the furnace, clean the heating surfaces of the boiler from soot, ash;

Record in the shift log the malfunctions identified during the operation of the boiler and equipment, the time of the start and end of the purge, check the serviceability of pressure gauges, safety valves and water-indicating instruments.

28.2 Periodic purging of the boiler by the driver must be carried out within the time limits established by the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers, in the presence of the person responsible for the shift.

In this case, the driver must:

warn the boiler room personnel;

make sure that water-indicating devices, nutritional devices are in good condition;

feed the boiler with water;

open the purge valve carefully and gradually. If there are two locking devices, first open the second device from the boiler, and after the purge stops, close the first device from the boiler;

monitor the water level in the boiler;

stop purge if hydraulic shocks or vibrations occur in the purge lines;

At the end of the purge, make sure that the shut-off devices on the purge line are closed and do not allow water to pass through.

28.3 The driver must:

throwing fuel onto the grate of a manual firebox in small portions as quickly as possible with a weakened or turned off blast. If there are several loading doors, load the fuel through each door in turn, after the fuel previously thrown into the neighboring door flares up well;

maintain the height of the fuel layer on the grate depending on the brand and grade of fuel;

when the boiler load increases, first increase the draft, and then add the blast;

when the boiler load is reduced, first reduce the blast, and then the draft;

make sure that the fuel flame is of a light straw color, uniform in height, and without blinding white and darkened places;

keep firebox doors closed and locked.

28.4 Cleaning of the manual furnace must be carried out with a reduced boiler load, reduced or switched off blast and reduced draft. The descent of slag and ash is carried out with the knowledge of the driver.

When removing slag and ash from the furnace directly on work site exhaust ventilation must be turned on above the place of their pouring.

28.5 The driver is prohibited from:

purge the boiler in case of faulty purge fittings;

make feeding raw water to boilers equipped with devices for pre-boiler water treatment;

open and close fittings with blows of a hammer or other objects, as well as with the help of elongated levers;

jam safety valves or additionally load them;

be near the slag gates when they are opened.

28.6. It is forbidden to leave the boiler without constant supervision, both during the operation of the boiler and after it has been stopped until the pressure in it drops to atmospheric.

29. Safety requirements when stopping the boiler.

29.1. Stopping the boiler, with the exception of an emergency stop, must be carried out by the driver according to the schedule or by written order of the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers.

29.2. When stopping the boiler, the driver must:

maintain the water level in the boiler above the average working position;

after a decrease in blast and draft, burn the remaining fuel in the furnace;

disconnect the boiler from the steam pipeline after the complete cessation of combustion in the furnace and the cessation of steam extraction, and if there is a superheater, open the purge (near the steam boiler). If, after disconnecting the boiler from the steam pipeline, the pressure rises, it should increase the blowdown of the superheater;

open the water bypass in addition to the boiler, after which the boiler is disconnected from the heating network (near the boiler);

stop blowing and reduce thrust;

clean the furnace and ash bins;

stop the draft by closing the smoke damper, furnace and blower doors (with a mechanical furnace, stop the draft after the grate has cooled);

cool down the boiler and drain water from it;

ventilate the furnace and flues of the boiler, stop the smoke exhauster and close the damper behind the boiler.

29.3. It is possible to drain water from the boiler only with the permission of the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers, after the pressure in the boiler has been completely reduced. The driver must drain the water slowly, with a raised safety valve or open air valves.

29.4. In order to stop the boiler for a long time, the driver, together with the maintenance personnel, in accordance with the work order or the order of the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers, must:

Disconnect the boiler from other boilers available in the boiler room (install plugs on the steam, feed, purge and drain lines of the boiler to be switched off);

Inspect the boiler, furnace and all auxiliary equipment;

Take measures to protect the boiler from corrosion;

Record all observed malfunctions in a shift log.

29.5. When shutting down the boiler to the hot reserve, the boiler must be disconnected from the superheated and saturated steam pipelines, water must not be drained from it, but maintained at the upper allowable level.

29.6. The driver is prohibited from:

Extinguish burning fuel by filling it with fresh fuel or pouring water;

Leave boilers not cleaned of slag and scale, ash, soot and dirt.

30. Safety requirements for the repair of the boiler and related equipment.

30.1 Opening of hatches and hatches, as well as repair of boiler elements is only allowed in the absence of pressure. Before opening hatches and hatches located within the water space, water from the elements of boilers and economizers should be removed.

30.2. Prior to the commencement of work inside the boiler drum or collector connected to other operating boilers by pipelines (steam pipelines, feed, drain, drain lines, etc.), as well as before internal inspection or repair of pressure elements, the boiler must be disconnected from all pipelines for, if flanged fittings are installed on them. If the fittings of the steam and water pipelines are flangeless, the boiler must be switched off by two shut-off devices with a drainage device between them with a nominal diameter of at least 32 mm, which has a direct connection to the atmosphere.

Valve drives, as well as open drain valves and emergency drain lines from the drum, must be locked so that there is no possibility of weakening their tightness when the lock is locked. The keys to the locks must be kept by the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers, unless the company has established a different procedure for their storage.

30.3 The admission of people into the boiler, as well as the opening of the shut-off valves after the removal of people from the boiler, must be carried out only with a written permit (total permit) issued in the prescribed manner.

30.4. Before starting work, the furnace and gas ducts must be well ventilated, lit and reliably protected from possible penetration of gases and dust from the flue gases of operating boilers.

30.5. When working in the boiler, on its platforms and in gas ducts for electric lighting, lamps with a voltage of no higher than ‚ 12 V should be used.

30.6. Posters “Do not turn on. People are working.” At the same time, fusible links must be removed from the starting devices of smoke exhausters, draft fans and fuel feeders. Installation and removal of plugs is carried out according to the order-tolerance.

30.7. Before closing the hatches and manholes, it is necessary to check whether there are people or foreign objects inside the boiler, as well as the presence and serviceability of the devices installed inside the boiler.

during the operation of the boiler, caulking of rivet seams, welding of boiler elements;

use contaminated packing that was in operation when replacing or adding stuffing box packing;

use fittings that do not have markings.

Chapter 4. Requirements for labor protection at the end of work

31. At the end of the work, the driver must:

put in order workplace, remove the tool, materials in the place intended for these purposes;

transfer the shift to the shift driver, familiarize him with the condition, mode of operation of the equipment, the load schedule of the boilers, inform him what equipment is in reserve or repair, what work was carried out on the shift;

sign in the shift journal about the change;

take off overalls and safety shoes in a specially designated place.

Chapter 5. Requirements for labor protection in emergency situations

32. The driver is obliged to immediately stop the boiler in the following cases:

Safety valve failure detection;

If the pressure in the boiler drum has risen by 10% above the allowed one and continues to grow;

Reducing the water level below the lowest permissible level, in this case, feeding the boiler with water is strictly prohibited;

Raising the water level above the highest permissible level;

Stopping all feed pumps;

Termination of all direct water level indicators;

If cracks, bulges, gaps in welds, breakage of an anchor bolt or connection;

Unacceptable increase or decrease in pressure in the once-through boiler path to the built-in valves;

Extinction of torches in the furnace during chamber combustion of fuel;

Reducing the water flow through the boiler below the minimum allowable value;

Reduction of water pressure in the boiler path below the permissible level;

Increasing the temperature of the water at the outlet of the boiler to a value of 200C below the saturation temperature corresponding to the operating pressure of the water in the outlet manifold of the boiler;

Malfunctions of safety automatics or alarms, including power failure on these devices;

The occurrence of a fire in the boiler room that threatens the operating personnel or the boiler.

33. The reasons for the emergency shutdown of the boiler must be recorded in the shift log.

34. In case of an emergency stop of the boiler, the driver must:

Stop loading fuel and air supply to the furnace, sharply reduce the draft;

Notify the immediate supervisor of the work or the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers about the reason for stopping the boiler;

Remove burning fuel from the furnace. In exceptional cases, if it is impossible to quickly remove fuel from the furnace, fill the burning fuel with water, while the driver must pay special attention to ensure that the water jet does not fall on the walls of the boiler furnace and lining;

After the cessation of combustion in the furnace, open the smoke damper for a while, and in manual furnaces, the furnace doors;

If there is a superheater, open its purge, disconnect the boiler from the steam pipeline (for steam boilers);

Release steam through raised safety valves or emergency exhaust valve (except in cases of high water levels and the termination of all feed pumps);

Continue feeding the boiler if there was no water leakage;

After the temperature of the water at the outlet of the boiler drops to 70 °C, open the water restart in addition to the boiler, disconnect the boiler from the heating network for hot water boilers).

35. When the boiler stops due to soot fire or fuel carryover in the economizer, superheater or gas ducts, the driver must immediately stop the supply of fuel and air to the furnace, shut off the draft by stopping the smoke exhausters and fans, and close the air dampers. If possible, fill the flue with steam and, after the combustion has stopped, ventilate the furnace.

36. In the event of a fire in the boiler room, the driver must:

- call the fire brigade;

- take measures to eliminate the fire with the available fire extinguishing equipment, did not stop monitoring the boiler;

- stop the boiler in an emergency (if the fire threatens the maintenance personnel or the boiler), intensively feeding it with water and releasing steam into the atmosphere.

37. In case of an accident (injury, poisoning, burns, sudden illness), the driver is obliged to provide first aid to the victim.

Please note that you can download other materials on labor protection and certification of workplaces in terms of working conditions in organizations in the section " Occupational Safety and Health».

Heating houses and buildings of various organizations in winter is very important task, to solve which, and called upon the operators of boiler houses, but simply, stokers or stokers.

Additional payments

Thus, in each region, the salary of a stoker is calculated based on certain indicators. At the same time, wages depend primarily on the length of working hours and the number of shifts worked.

In addition, the calculation includes additional fees:

1. For work at night.
2. For work on holidays and weekends. In this case, the calculation wages double or more, depending on the region.

Better understand the payroll system next example.

In local regulations the operating organization states: employees working on a rolling schedule are paid a salary according to the summarized accounting of working hours, taking into account hourly rates, according to the average monthly number of hours. Thanks to this, the stoker receives the same amount of money every month, regardless of the norm of working hours.

The scheme of calculation of working hours.

This instruction on labor protection for the driver (fireman) of the boiler room is available for free viewing and downloads.

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION

1.1. To perform work by profession, a boiler operator (fireman) (hereinafter referred to as a boiler operator), workers are allowed at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination, who have no contraindications for health reasons, who have the necessary theoretical and practical training, who have passed introductory and primary briefings at the workplace on labor protection and training according to a special program, certified by the qualification commission and received admission to independent work.
1.2. The boiler operator must periodically, at least once a year, undergo an examination of knowledge of labor protection requirements and obtain a permit for work of increased danger.
1.3. The boiler operator, regardless of qualifications and work experience, at least once every three months, must undergo a re-instruction on labor protection; in case of violation by the boiler operator of labor safety requirements, during a break in work for more than 30 calendar days, he must undergo an unscheduled briefing.
1.4. The boiler operator, admitted to independent work, must know: the device of the equipment and mechanisms used. Rules for the maintenance of serviced equipment and ways to eliminate shortcomings in its operation. Rules, norms and instructions for labor protection and fire safety. Rules for the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment. Methods of first aid in case of accidents. Rules of internal labor regulations of the organization.
1.5. The boiler operator must be aware that in order to check the condition of the boilers, ensuring their safe operation, all boilers must be subject to periodic technical examination, which consists of external, internal inspections (at least once every 4 years) and a hydraulic test (at least once every 8 years). years), and may also be subject to an extraordinary survey.
1.6. After each cleaning of internal surfaces or repair of boiler elements, but at least every 12 months, external and internal inspections of the boilers must be carried out.
1.7. The boiler operator, sent to participate in work unusual for his profession, must undergo targeted training on labor protection in the performance of upcoming work.
1.8. The boiler room operator is prohibited from using tools, fixtures and equipment, the safe handling of which he is not trained.
1.9. The boiler operator has the right to service only solid fuel boilers.
1.10. When transferring the operator to service boilers operating on liquid or gaseous fuels, the boiler operator must undergo additional training and testing knowledge of the device and the safe operation of boilers operating on liquid or gaseous fuels.
1.11. During work, the boiler operator can be adversely affected mainly by the following dangerous and harmful production factors:
- surfaces of boiler equipment heated to a high temperature, hot water, steam;
- unsatisfactory microclimatic conditions (high temperature, low air humidity);
- flowing jets of hot water, steam from pipelines under pressure;
- increased concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area (for example, fuel combustion products);
— risk of explosion and fire;
- flying fragments, elements, parts of boiler equipment (for example, as a result of an explosion);
- the location of the workplace at a considerable height relative to the surface of the earth;
— falling tools, details;
- increased slip (due to oiling, moistening of the surfaces along which the driver moves);
- sharp edges, burrs, roughness on the surface of tools, boiler equipment, components, etc.;
- increased level of infrared radiation, noise;
- insufficient illumination of the working area;
— electricity, the path of which, in the event of a short circuit, can pass through the human body.
1.12. The boiler operator during work must use overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment against the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors.
1.13. To prevent the possibility of a fire, the boiler room operator must comply with the fire safety requirements himself and prevent violations of these requirements by other employees; Smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas.
1.14. The boiler operator is obliged to observe labor and production discipline, internal labor regulations; it should be remembered that the use of alcoholic beverages, as a rule, leads to accidents.
1.15. If an accident occurs with any of the employees, then the victim must immediately provide first aid, report the incident to the manager and maintain the situation of the incident, if this does not create a danger to others.
1.16. The boiler operator, if necessary, must be able to provide first aid, use a first aid kit.
1.17. To prevent the possibility of diseases, the boiler operator should follow the rules of personal hygiene, including washing hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating.
1.18. The boiler operator who has committed a violation or non-compliance with the requirements of the labor protection instructions is considered as a violator of production discipline and may be subject to disciplinary liability, and, depending on the consequences, to criminal liability; if the breach involves causing material damage, then the perpetrator may be held liable in the prescribed manner.

2. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Before starting duty, the boiler operator must read the entries in the shift log and check the serviceability of the serviced boilers and related equipment, as well as the serviceability of emergency lighting and alarms.
2.2. Acceptance and surrender of duty must be recorded in a shift log indicating the results of checking the boilers and auxiliary equipment, water-indicating instruments, signaling devices for limiting water levels, pressure gauges, safety valves, nutritional devices and automation equipment.
2.3. Before starting any work inside the boiler connected to other operating boilers by common pipelines (steam, feed, drain, drain line, etc.), as well as before inspection or repair of pressure elements, if there is a risk of burns to people steam or water, the boiler must be separated from all pipelines by plugs.
2.4. Before opening hatches and hatches located within the water space, water from the elements of boilers and economizers must be removed; opening hatches and hatches, as well as repairing boiler elements, is only allowed when there is a complete absence of pressure.
2.5. Before starting work inside the boiler furnace, a work permit must be issued; at the same time, the air temperature inside should not be higher than 50-60 0С; the stay of the same worker inside the boiler at these temperatures should not exceed 20 minutes.
2.6. Before starting work, the furnace must be well ventilated and lit, and signs must be posted on valves, valves and dampers when disconnecting sections of pipelines: “Do not turn on, people are working.”
2.7. Before starting work in the boiler, make sure that portable lamps are powered by a voltage of no higher than 12 V.
2.8. Before closing hatches and manholes, it is necessary to check whether there are people or foreign objects inside the boiler.
2.9. In the process of preparing for the kindling of the boiler unit, the boiler operator should do the following:
2.9.1. Ensure that fuel and feed water are available in sufficient quantities.
2.9.2. Inspect the boiler and make sure that there is no dangerous damage.
2.9.3. Check the serviceability of instrumentation, fittings, power supplies, as well as the presence of natural draft.
2.9.4. Fill (through the economizer) the boiler with feed water.
2.9.5. Make sure that the plugs before and after the safety valves are removed.
2.9.6. Make sure that there are no people or foreign objects in the furnace.
2.10. Before kindling the boiler, the furnace must be ventilated for 10-15 minutes by opening the furnace doors, blower, dampers to regulate the air supply and turn on the smoke exhausters and fans.
2.11. Immediately before firing up the boiler, once again check the correct opening and closing of valves, gate valves, dampers (gates).

3. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. The boiler room driver during duty should not be distracted from the performance of the duties assigned to him and the requirements of this instruction.
3.2. Kindling of boilers should be carried out only if there is an order recorded in the shift log by the head of the boiler room.
3.3. Boilers should be fired up within the time specified in the order, with low fire, reduced draft, closed steam valve and open safety valve or air vent.
3.4. Before lighting the boiler, it is necessary to check the presence of water in the boiler using water-indicating glasses and ventilate the furnace and gas ducts.
3.5. Having completed all the measures to prepare the boiler for kindling, you need to throw coal into the furnace and kindle it with burning coal taken from the furnace of a working boiler, or dry wood.
3.6. The use of flammable liquids (gasoline, kerosene, etc.) when kindling the boiler is not allowed.
3.7. The kindling of the boiler should always be carried out at low heat with reduced draft.
3.8. When kindling the boiler, it is necessary to ensure uniform heating of its parts and turn on the device for heating water in the lower drum of the boiler in advance.
3.9. During the whole time of kindling, it is necessary to check whether the water in the economizer is heating up.
3.10. When steam starts to come out of the open safety valve or air valve, it is necessary to bring the safety valve into normal working condition, close the air valve (cock) and turn on the superheater purge, then increase the draft, increase combustion in the furnace, check the correct operation of the fittings, blow out the water gauges and monitor the water level in the boiler.
3.11. Tightening bolts, studs, manholes, hatches, hatches during the kindling of the boiler must be done with great care, only with a normal key, without the use of extension levers, in the presence of a person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers.
3.12. The kindling of the boiler is carried out until the permitted working pressure in the boiler is reached, i.e. the pointer of the pressure gauge reaches the red line, then the melted boiler is prepared for inclusion in the common steam line.
3.13. Before putting the boiler into operation, the following steps must be taken:
3.13.1. Boiler purge.
3.13.2. Checking the correct operation of safety devices (valves), pressure gauge, water-indicating devices and feeding devices.
3.13.3. Checking the readings of reduced water level indicators against direct-acting water level indicators installed on the boiler drum.
3.13.4. Checking and switching on safety automation, signaling devices and automatic boiler control equipment.
3.14. It is forbidden to put into operation boilers with faulty water-indicating devices, pressure gauges, feeders, fittings, safety valves, safety automatics and emergency protection and alarm systems.
3.15. The inclusion of the boiler in the steam pipeline, which is inoperative, should be done slowly, after thorough heating and purging of the steam pipeline.
3.16. When the boiler is connected to a steam pipeline that is in operation, the pressure in the boiler must be equal to or somewhat lower (no more than 0.5 kgf / cm2) of the pressure in the steam pipeline, while combustion in the furnace should be reduced; if shocks or hydraulic shocks occur in the steam pipeline, it is necessary to immediately stop the boiler from being switched on and increase the steam pipeline purging.
3.17. As the boiler load increases, the blowdown of the superheater should be reduced, and when it reaches about half of the normal load, it should be stopped.
3.18. The start time of kindling and the time the boiler is put into operation must be recorded in the shift log.
3.19. During the duty, the boiler house operator must monitor the health of the boiler and all equipment of the boiler room and observe the established mode of operation of the boiler; malfunctions detected during the operation of the equipment should be recorded in a shift log.
3.20. The boiler room operator must take immediate measures to eliminate malfunctions that threaten the safe and trouble-free operation of the equipment; if it is impossible to eliminate the malfunctions on your own, then it is necessary to inform the head of the boiler room about this.
3.21. Special attention while working, please contact:
3.21.1. Furnace operating mode.
3.21.2. Maintaining a normal water level in the boiler and uniform supply of water to it; at the same time, the water level must not be allowed to fall below the permissible lower level or rise above the permissible upper level.
3.21.3. Maintaining normal steam and feed water pressure; increasing the pressure in the boiler above the permitted one is not allowed.
3.21.4. Maintaining the temperature of the superheated steam and feed water after the water economizer.
3.21.5. Safety valves and their maintenance.
3.21.6. Boiler purge.
3.22. When using a manual firebox, it is necessary to throw solid fuel on the grate to produce quickly, without leaving the furnace doors open for a long time.
3.23. The frequency of injections and the amount of injected fuel depends on the load of the boiler, the type of fuel and the size of its pieces.
3.24. Throwing should be done more often, but in small portions.
3.25. As the firebox works, the slag layer gradually increases, so it is necessary to cut through the slag, passing with a crowbar along the grate.
3.26. If there is so much slag accumulated that the slot does not help, then it is necessary to start cleaning the firebox.
3.27. The duration of the period between furnace cleanings depends on the ash content of the fuel, the design of the furnace and on the maximum thrust or blast force.
3.28. When manually cleaning the furnace, slag and ash coming from the furnace into the bunker must be filled with water in the bunker itself or in the trolley.
3.29. The release of unfilled slag and ash from the bunker, their removal with fire to the landfill is prohibited.
3.30. Operation of boilers with faulty or unadjusted safety valves is prohibited; it is forbidden to jam the safety valves or additionally load them.
3.31. It is forbidden to purge the boiler with a faulty purge valve, open and close the valve with blows from a hammer or other objects, as well as with the help of elongated levers; the time of the beginning and end of the boiler blowdown should be recorded in a shift log.
3.32. It is forbidden to caulk rivet seams, weld elements of the boiler, etc. during the operation of the boiler.
3.33. All devices and devices for automatic control and safety of the boiler must be maintained in good condition and checked regularly.
3.34. Stopping the boiler in all cases, with the exception of an emergency stop, must be carried out by a written order of the head of the boiler room.
3.35. When stopping the boiler, perform the following operations:
3.35.1. Maintain the water level in the boiler above the middle operating position.
3.35.2. Stop the fuel supply to the furnace.
3.35.3. Disconnect it from the steam pipelines after the complete cessation of combustion in the furnace and the cessation of steam extraction; if, after disconnecting the boiler from the steam pipeline, the pressure in the boiler rises, it is necessary to increase the blowdown of the superheater; it is also allowed to make a small purging of the boiler and replenish it with water.
3.35.4. Cool down the boiler and drain water from it.
3.36. During work, the boiler room operator must behave calmly and with restraint, avoid conflict situations that can cause neuro-emotional stress and affect labor safety.
3.37. During work, you should be careful not to be distracted from the performance of your duties.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

4.1. It is not allowed to take and take off duty during the elimination of an accident in the boiler room.
4.2. The operator of the boiler room is obliged to immediately stop the boiler in emergency cases and inform the head of the boiler room about this.
4.3. The boiler operator is obliged to stop the boiler in the following cases:
4.3.1. If more than 50% of safety valves or other safety devices replacing them have ceased to operate.
4.3.2. If the pressure has risen above the permitted value by more than 10% and continues to grow, despite the interruption of the fuel supply, the reduction in draft and the increased supply of water to the boiler.
4.3.3. If there has been a leak of water from the boiler (below the lower edge of the water-indicating glass); filling the boiler with water is prohibited.
4.3.4. If the water level drops rapidly, despite the increased supply of water to the boiler.
4.3.5. If the water level has risen above the upper edge of the water-indicating glass and it is not possible to lower it by blowing the boiler.
4.3.6. If all nutritional devices are discontinued.
4.3.7. If the operation of all water-indicating devices is stopped.
4.3.8. If cracks, bulges, gaps in welds, breaks in two or more adjacent bonds are found in the main elements of the boiler.
4.3.9. If the power supply is interrupted during artificial draft, as well as the elements of the boiler and its lining are damaged, creating a danger to service personnel or the risk of destruction of the boiler.
4.3.10. If there is a fire in the boiler room.
4.4. The reasons for the emergency shutdown of the boiler must be recorded in the shift log.
4.5. If draft appears in rivet joints or in places of pipe rolling, fistulas on pipes, boiler heating surfaces, as well as in case of other damages and malfunctions of the boiler, fittings, pressure gauges, safety devices and auxiliary equipment that do not require immediate shutdown of the boiler, the boiler operator is obliged to immediately inform about it to the head of the section.
4.6. In the event of a fire in the boiler room, the boiler operator must immediately call the fire brigade by phone 101 or 112 and take measures to extinguish it without stopping monitoring the boilers; if the fire threatens the boilers and it is impossible to extinguish it quickly, it is necessary to stop the boilers in an emergency order, intensively feeding them with water and releasing steam into the atmosphere (outdoors).
4.7. In case of an accident, sudden illness, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, call a doctor or help deliver the victim to the doctor, and then inform the manager about the incident.
4.8. In case of thermal burns, it is necessary to water the affected areas of the body with a jet of cold water or cover with snow for 15-20 minutes; it reduces pain and the depth of tissue overheating, prevents their swelling; a sterile dressing should be applied to the burned area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin using a bandage or gauze.

5. REQUIREMENTS FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY AFTER THE END OF WORK

5.1. At the end of the work, the boiler room operator must put the workplace and tools in order.
5.2. The boiler room operator must hand over the duty and make an appropriate entry in the shift log.
5.3. At the end of work, you should remove overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment and put them in the designated storage place, if necessary, hand over them for washing and cleaning.
5.4. All problems and malfunctions of the tools and equipment used, as well as other violations of labor protection requirements, noticed in the course of work, should be reported to your immediate supervisor.
5.5. At the end of work, wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, if necessary, take a shower.

Russian Federation

Production instruction for the driver (fireman) of the boiler room

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Real production instruction for the driver (fireman) of the boiler room, it was developed on the basis of the Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook (ETKS N 1 § 90), Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Boilers, Rules for the Technical Operation of Thermal Power Plants.

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room is a worker and reports directly to the master (head of the section, workshop).

1.2. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room must perform his duties in accordance with the requirements of this Instruction.

1.3. A person with a secondary education and appropriate training in the specialty is appointed to the position of a boiler engineer (fireman).

1.4. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room must know:

the principle of operation of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam and air pipelines and methods for regulating their operation;

installation of boiler furnaces, slag and ash bins;

the composition of heat-insulating masses and the main methods of thermal insulation of boilers and steam pipelines;

purpose and conditions for the use of simple and medium complexity instrumentation;

arrangement of mechanisms for the preparation of pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash and slag removal;

device and modes of operation of equipment for heating network boiler installations and crumpled steam stations;

rules for cleaning grates, boiler furnaces and smoke boxes of steam locomotives;

permissible pressure and water level in the steam locomotive boiler during cleaning;

the influence of atmospheric air on the condition of the walls of the furnace and fire box;

the procedure for filling the furnace;

basic properties of ash and slag;

rules for planning slag and ash dumps;

the technological process of the work performed;

norms of consumption of raw materials and materials for the work performed by him, methods of rational use of material resources;

requirements for the quality of work performed, incl. and related operations or processes;

types of marriage, the reasons for its occurrence, ways to prevent and eliminate it;

characteristics of hazardous and harmful production factors;

instructions for the safe maintenance of the workplace;

the main types of deviations from the normal technological regime and methods for their elimination;

requirements for the use of protective equipment;

methods and techniques for the safe performance of work;

the procedure for actions in the event of accidents and situations that may lead to undesirable consequences;

the procedure for actions aimed at preventing emergency situations;

rules for providing first (pre-medical) assistance to victims of trauma, poisoning, sudden illness;

fundamentals of labor legislation, contractual regulation labor relations, incl. in the field of remuneration and labor rationing, the content of the collective agreement of the organization and the procedure for negotiating its conclusion;

internal labor regulations;

rules of labor protection, industrial sanitation and personal hygiene, fire safety.

1.5. The driver (fireman) of the boiler house is appointed to the position and dismissed by order of the head of the institution in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, theoretical and practical training, tested their knowledge of labor safety requirements in the prescribed manner and have received permission to work independently are allowed to work as a machinist (fireman) of a boiler house.

1.7. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room is provided with overalls and safety shoes in accordance with applicable standards.

1.8. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room needs to know and strictly comply with the requirements for labor protection, fire safety, and industrial sanitation.

1.9. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room must:

perform work related to the acceptance and delivery of shifts, timely preparation for work of equipment and workplace, tools, fixtures, as well as keeping them in proper condition, cleaning their workplace, maintaining established documentation;

observe safety rules, fire prevention measures, provide first aid in case of accidents;

observe the rules of internal labor regulations and the established regime of work and rest;

perform work that is part of his duties or entrusted by the administration, provided that he is trained in the rules for the safe performance of this work;

apply safe work practices;

be able to provide first aid to the injured.

2. RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room before starting work must:

make a bypass of the serviced equipment along a certain route, check the safe condition of the equipment, fences, rotating mechanisms, platforms, flights of stairs, the presence of numbers on the equipment and pipeline fittings;

check at the workplace the availability and serviceability of duty overalls and other protective equipment, tools and devices and their compliance with the expiration date, as well as the presence of an electric lamp, fire extinguishing equipment, posters or safety signs;

check in the service area for the absence of unauthorized personnel (without accompanying persons) and unnecessary objects blocking passages and driveways, spilled liquid fuel and oil, fistulas, emissions of fuel, hot water, steam, ash, slag;

check the sufficiency of illumination of the working area and on the equipment being serviced (no burnt out lamps);

make sure there are no flammable materials in the work area.

2.2. During operation, the driver (fireman) of the boiler house is obliged:

to carry out rounds and inspections of the equipment, the admission of repair personnel to the equipment, as well as the performance of current work by the boiler operator must be carried out with the knowledge and permission of the higher duty personnel;

during the inspection of the furnace through the hatches, the boiler operator must use protective equipment: a protective helmet with a cape, goggles and gloves;

when starting rotating mechanisms, one should be at a safe distance from them;

work in personal protective equipment;

ensure the uninterrupted operation of the boiler room equipment;

start, stop and switch serviced units in heat pipelines;

keep records of heat supplied to consumers;

mechanized removal of slag and ash from furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and blowing gas generators;

load ash and slag using mechanisms into trolleys or wagons with their transportation to a specified place;

observe the operation of ash and slag removal mechanisms, lifting and transport equipment, alarms, instruments, equipment and enclosing devices;

participate in the repair of serviced equipment.

2.3. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room is prohibited in the process of work:

put on, remove and adjust drive belts on the go, manually stop rotating and moving mechanisms;

carry out any equipment switching, blowing, ash descent and other operations that create a danger to inspection;

jump over or climb over pipelines (to shorten the route). Passing through pipelines should only be in places where there are crossing bridges;

move in an unlit area without a flashlight;

clean fixtures and replace burnt out lamps;

in case of insufficient illumination of the workplace and the equipment being serviced due to burnout of the lamps, the boiler operator must call the electrician on duty, and before he arrives, use an electric lantern;

lean and stand on platform barriers, railings, protective covers of couplings and bearings, walk along pipelines, as well as structures and ceilings that are not intended for passage through them and do not have special handrails and fences;

be without production needs on the platforms of the units, near hatches, manholes, water-indicating columns, as well as near shut-off and safety valves and flange connections pipelines under pressure;

to start the mechanisms in the absence or in a faulty condition of the enclosing devices, as well as cleaning near the working mechanisms;

remove protective guards from couplings and shafts, from rotating mechanisms;

to clean near mechanisms without protective fences or with poorly fixed fences;

clean, wipe and lubricate rotating or moving parts of mechanisms, stick your hands behind the fence.

2.4. The driver (fireman) of the boiler room at the end of the working day is obliged to:

complete all work on switching equipment, ongoing work, inspections and walk-arounds (except in emergency cases) to transfer the shift to the shift;

organize your workplace;

put tools and equipment in the place provided for them;

personal protective equipment used during work should be placed in the places intended for this purpose.

3. RESPONSIBILITY

The driver (fireman) of the boiler house is responsible for:

3.1. Timely and high-quality implementation of the duties assigned to him.

3.2. Organization of their work, timely and qualified execution of orders, instructions and instructions of the management, regulatory legal acts on their activities.

3.3. Compliance with the rules internal regulations, fire safety and traffic rules of the Russian Federation.

3.4. Maintenance of documentation provided for by the current regulatory legal acts.

3.5. Prompt action, including timely informing management, to eliminate violations of safety, fire and other rules that pose a threat to the activities of the institution, its employees and other persons.

3.6. For violation of labor discipline, legislative and regulatory acts, the driver (fireman) of the boiler house can be brought in accordance with the current legislation, depending on the severity of the misconduct, to disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability.

4. RIGHTS

The driver (fireman) of the boiler room has the right to:

4.1. Receive from the employees of the enterprise the information necessary for the implementation of its activities.

4.2. Use information materials and legal documents necessary for the performance of their duties.

4.3. Pass certification in accordance with the established procedure with the right to receive the appropriate qualification category.

4.4. Request and receive the necessary materials and documents related to the issues of their activities and the activities of employees subordinate to him.

4.5. Interact with other services of the enterprise on production and other issues that are part of its functional responsibilities.

4.6. enjoy all labor rights in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

5. FINAL PROVISIONS

5.1. Familiarization of the employee with this instruction is carried out upon admission (transfer) to work in the profession for which the instruction was developed.

5.2. The fact of familiarization of the employee with this instruction is confirmed by a signature in the familiarization sheet, which is an integral part of the instruction, kept by the employer.

Designed by:

Boss structural unit:

(surname, initials) (signature)

"___"________ ____ G.

Agreed:
Head (specialist) of the labor protection service:
__________________________________.

"___"________ ___ G.

Agreed:
Head (legal adviser) legal service:
__________________________________.
(initials, surname) (signature)

"___"________ ___ G.

Familiarized with the instructions:
__________________________________.
(initials, surname) (signature)

Engineer (fireman) of the boiler room 2nd category

Job Description.

1. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heat output of up to 12.6 GJ / h (up to 3 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water or steam boilers with a boiler heat output of up to 21 GJ / h (up to 5 Gcal / h), operating on solid fuel.
2. Maintenance of boilers of steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 25 tons.
3. Kindling, starting, stopping boilers and feeding them with water.
4. Crushing of fuel, loading and skimming of the boiler furnace.
5. Regulation of fuel combustion.
6. Observation by instrumentation of the water level in the boiler, steam pressure and temperature of the water supplied to the heating system.
7. Start, stop pumps, motors, fans and other auxiliary mechanisms.
8. Cleaning of fittings and appliances of the boiler.
9. Servicing of heating network boiler installations or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of up to 42 GJ/h (up to 10 Gcal/h).
10. Purification of crumpled steam and deaeration of water.
11. Maintenance of the set pressure and temperature of water and steam.
12. Participation in washing, cleaning and repairing the boiler.
13. Manual removal of slag and ash from the furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and blew gas generators, as well as from grates, furnaces, boilers and blew steam locomotives.
14. Planning of slag and ash dumps.

Must know:

The principle of operation of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam and air pipelines and methods for regulating their operation;
- arrangement of furnaces for steam boilers, slag and ash bins;
- the composition of heat-insulating masses and the main methods of thermal insulation of boilers and steam pipelines;
- purpose and conditions for the use of simple and medium complexity instrumentation;
- arrangement of mechanisms for the preparation of pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash and slag removal;
- device and modes of operation of the equipment of heat network boiler installations or crumpled steam station;
- rules for cleaning grates, furnaces and boilers of the smoke box of steam locomotives;
- allowable pressure and water level in the steam locomotive boiler during cleaning;
- the influence of atmospheric air on the condition of the walls of the furnace and fire box;
- the procedure for filling the firebox;
- basic properties of ash and slag;
- the order of movement along the tracks and roads of railway cranes;
- rules for planning slag and ash dumps.

Engineer (fireman) of the boiler room 3rd category

Job Description.

1. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heat output of more than 12.6 GJ / h to 42 GJ / h (over 3 to 10 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of more than 21 to 84 GJ / h (over 5 to 20 Gcal/h) operating on solid fuel.
2. Maintenance of boilers on steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of more than 25 tons or boilers of steam excavators.
3. Starting, stopping, regulating and monitoring the operation of traction and ash and slag removal devices, stoker, economizers, air heaters, superheaters and feed pumps.
4. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or a crumpled steam station located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of more than 42 to 84 GJ / h (over 10 to 20 Gcal / h).
5. Ensuring the uninterrupted operation of the boiler room equipment.
6. Starting, stopping and switching of serviced units in heat pipelines.
7. Accounting for heat supplied to consumers.
8. Mechanized removal of slag and ash from furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and blowing gas generators.
9. Loading of ash and slag using mechanisms into trolleys or wagons with their transportation to a specified place.
10. Supervision of the correct operation of ash and slag removal mechanisms, lifting and transport equipment, alarms, instruments, equipment and enclosing devices.
11. Washing off slag and ash with special devices.
12. Participation in the repair of serviced equipment.

Must know:

The device of the used equipment and mechanisms;
- methods of rational combustion of fuel in boilers;
- schemes of heat, steam and water pipelines and external heating networks;
- the procedure for accounting for the results of equipment operation and heat supplied to consumers;
- the importance of timely removal of slag and ash for the normal operation of boilers;
- rules for the maintenance of serviced equipment and ways to eliminate shortcomings in its operation;
- types of serviced boilers;
- rules and methods of loading and transporting ash and slag;
- systems - lubrication and cooling of serviced units and mechanisms;
- rules for keeping records of the operation of mechanisms and equipment for ash and slag removal;
- the device of simple and average complexity of control and measuring devices.

Engineer (fireman) of the boiler room 4th category

Job Description.

1. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heat output of more than 42 to 84 GJ / h (over 10 to 20 Gcal) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of more than 84 to 273 GJ / h (over 20 to 65 Gcal / h) working on solid fuel.
2. Observation of the water level in boilers, pressure and temperature of steam, water and flue gases using instrumentation.
3. Regulation of operation (load) of boilers in accordance with the steam consumption schedule.
4. Monitoring the fuel supply.
5. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or crumpled steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units with a total heat load of more than 84 GJ / h (over 20 Gcal / h).
6. Prevention and elimination of malfunctions in the operation of equipment.

Must know:

The device and rules for servicing boilers, as well as various auxiliary mechanisms and fittings of boilers;
- basic information on heat engineering, various fuel mixtures and the influence of fuel quality on the combustion process and the heat output of boiler units;
- fuel preparation process;
- specifications on the quality of water and methods of its purification;
- causes of malfunctions in the operation of the boiler plant and measures for their prevention and elimination;
- device, purpose and conditions for the use of complex instrumentation.

Engineer (fireman) of the boiler room 5th category

Job Description.

1. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heat output of more than 84 to 273 GJ / h (over 20 to 65 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of more than 273 to 546 GJ / h (over 65 to 130 Gcal/h) operating on solid fuel.
2. Switching feed lines.
3. Filling and emptying the steam lines.
4. Turning on and off the automatic equipment for feeding boilers.
5. Preventive inspection of boilers, their auxiliary mechanisms, instrumentation and participation in scheduled preventive maintenance of boiler units.
6. Acceptance of boilers and their auxiliary mechanisms from repair and their preparation for work.

Must know:

The device and principle of operation of hot water and steam boilers various systems;
- operational data of boiler equipment and mechanisms;
- arrangement of automatic control devices;
- rules for maintaining the operating mode of the boiler room, depending on the readings of the instruments;
- schemes of pipeline networks and signaling in the boiler room;
- rules for setting and regulating instrumentation.

Engineer (fireman) of the boiler room 6th category

Job Description.

1. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers of various systems with a total heat output of more than 273 GJ / h (over 65 Gcal / h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heat output of more than 546 GJ / h (over 130 Gcal / h), operating on solid fuel.

Must know:

Design features of complex instrumentation and automatic control devices;
- calorific value and physical properties fuel;
- elements of the fuel balance of boilers and its compilation;
- rules for determining the coefficient useful action boiler plant.

Professional standard by profession Engineer (fireman) of the boiler room -.