Carved wooden boards with a view of flowers. Carved wood ornaments. Carved roof decor

House carving has been known in Russia since pagan times. She not only served as a talisman and decorated the house, but also solved practical problems: platbands closed the gaps between the window frames and the log wall, and the ceilings prevented the roof from overgrowing with icicles

Over the years, the cult significance has been lost, less labor-intensive methods have been used for thermal insulation, and it would seem that it is time for “wooden lace” to go into oblivion, but to this day it is in demand.

Today, for the construction of country houses, profiled timber and rounded logs are often used. Monotonous, as if lined with a ruler, the walls depersonalize the house, make it expressionless and boring. Carved cornices, platbands, balusters and friezes, like nothing else, can give it individuality and style. Moreover, the master's hand can turn an unpretentious wooden "box" into a real work of art. Of course, this type of decor cannot be called mass. Not everyone can afford carving, especially when it comes to exclusive work made to order. Nevertheless, facades decorated with intricate wooden patterns are by no means rare.

There are a great variety of threads, so you can find an option for every taste. The most ancient is considered a flat, or deaf, thread, in which recesses and grooves are made on a wooden surface that make up a geometric pattern. So in the old days, the ends of logs, platbands and shutters were decorated.

More complex, and therefore more expressive, is relief carving with a convex, three-dimensional image.

sculptural carving

sculptural carving, as the name implies, involves the creation of independent figures separated from the background. An example is the traditional horse head crowning the roof of the hut. Well, the latest, moreover, the most popular at the present time - through (openwork, slotted) thread, performed by cutting boards with a thickness of 5 to 50 mm. Compared to other types of wooden decor, it is the easiest to perform, and it is cheaper. But its popularity is explained not only by this. The through carving is amazingly beautiful. The effect of fine openwork weaving is greatly enhanced by the lace shadow, the pattern of which changes depending on the angle of incidence of the sun's rays. And if the decorations are multi-tiered (that is, the boards of platbands, piers and valances are superimposed on each other) and even painted in contrasting colors, the decorative effect is enhanced even more.

Platbands, piers and balusters should neither "fall through" into the facade, nor protrude, but organically fit into the overall composition, creating a single whole with other decorative elements

Glossary of terms

The main elements of house carving

Baluster- a small volumetric or flat post that supports the railing of the fence.
end board- an ornamental board covering the ends of the logs of the log house.
Frontal board(red board, scarf) - a carved frieze on the main facade, placed above the windows. With the frame structure of the pediment, it closed the transition from the logs of the wall to its plank sheathing.
Chimney- a wooden pipe for the exit of smoke in a chicken hut, usually carved.
Brush- openwork end part of a prichelina or towel.
Skate- the upper junction of the roof slopes, covered with okhlupny, as well as a figure that adorns the end of the okhlupny.
Chicken (cocora)- a curved trunk of a spruce or a trunk cut down together with one of the rhizomes growing perpendicular to the trunk. It is attached to the slabs of the male roof and carries a water flow.
platband- framing a window or door opening, covering the gap between the wall and the window or door frame. Visually highlighted and emphasized the opening.
Okhlupen (clap, helmet)- a hollowed-out log covering the ridge of the roof.
Valance- a carved board located horizontally under the eaves of the porch roof.
Stream (water pipe)- a bar with a hollowed out longitudinal groove for a drain; the lower ends of the tesa covering the roof rest against it.
Towel- a carved board covering the junction of the berths.
Prichelina- a board covering the ends came down.
Male (forcep)- self-supporting triangular pediment. The upper part of this pediment was called the forehead (ochelie).
Earring- a carved board covering the ends of the felling logs.
Sleg- a horizontal log embedded in the pediment.
Magpie- a dowel that fastens the horse's slug and okhlupen.
shutters- one- or two-leaf carved shutters for oblique windows.

material question

It's obvious that carving material is primarily wood. She has many advantages - she is beautiful, amenable to processing, plastic and durable. All this allows you to create complex sculptural figures of fairly large sizes. But there are also enough shortcomings - fire hazard, susceptibility to weathering, susceptibility to attacks by fungus and insects. The monuments of ancient architecture have come down to us only because the tree, before being put into use, was dried naturally for several years and only those rocks that were able to resist decay were taken. But now, with the development of the chemical industry, almost all types of wood can be used on facades. Here are the most popular:

Aspen and linden. These rocks are more workable than others, durable and resistant to chipping. Aspen, in addition, is almost immune to moisture, and products from it are suitable for staining with water-soluble paints.

Maple and oak resistant to chips and dents, solid, and therefore difficult to work out details. Another disadvantage is the high price. Pros - strength and respectable appearance.

Larch very hard and difficult to machine, prone to chipping and flaking. But on the other hand, it is resistant to moisture, and therefore durable. Over time, the wood acquires a very beautiful silver hue.

Pine elements

Spruce and pine- resinous rocks, when dried, prone to cracking. Working with them requires skill and extreme accuracy. The advantage is affordability. Spruce and pine wood is most common in the central part of Russia, and therefore is popular. With proper care, jewelry from it can serve for many years.

Only high-quality solid wood boards are suitable for house carving (adhesive seams are primarily prone to cracking when using products outdoors). Humidity of wood - no more than 8-12%, geometric parameters of the board: thickness 18-20 mm, width up to 190 mm. It is not recommended to take very long lamellas, 1.5-3 m - it is quite enough to make it convenient to work both when carving and when installing products. It must be remembered that the shorter the board, the less likely it is that the carved decors will break during installation. Yes, and it is easier to replace such an element.

Lumber is selected with a minimum of knots on the front of future products. And all of them must be alive and not fall out.

The protection of wood from aggressive influences is now provided by primers and impregnations. Flame retardants are capable of preventing fire, which give a long-term fire retardant effect. Antiseptic impregnations act as "medicines" for fungus, mold and woodworm insects. They must be applied in at least two coats, on a dry and clean surface. As a rule, craftsmen do this with a brush, roller or spray, and small parts are dipped into the solution. Special attention should be turned to the ends, which most intensively absorb moisture. It is desirable to process carved products before installation, otherwise the joints will not be protected by antiseptics. It is recommended to renew the protective coating every 3-4 years.

Well, after the carved decorations are installed in their places, they should be painted, protecting them from ultraviolet rays. If this is not done, the wood will age very quickly, crack and acquire an ugly gray tint. The market offers a huge amount of special paints for wood. There are glazing compositions that leave the natural texture of wood fibers visible, and covering ones that form a dense decorative and protective layer. Usually for relief carving take transparent paints, and for openwork - opaque.

Saving on protective and decorative compositions is at least unreasonable. It will be a shame to see how expensive wooden "lace" cracks just because low-quality cheap coatings were chosen

An alternative to wood can be wooden composite- sheet material made from wood shavings by hot pressing. The natural binder is lignin. Finished goods treated with eucalyptus resin.

This material is less susceptible to the vagaries of the weather than wood, and it is much cheaper. Among the obvious advantages, we also note the fact that large-sized decor items can be made from a composite supplied in fairly large sheets - openwork walls of gazebos, porch decorations, garden design elements, etc. But the main advantage of the material is that its strength allows you to cut very thin patterns. True, it can only be cut-out decorations. Relief or sculptural carving will not work - the composite sheet is thin, so the master's cutter simply has nowhere to roam. Process the material manually or on machines with digital control.

When decorating a house with carvings, it is very important to observe the measure. Having gone too far with decors, you can turn a respectable mansion into a gingerbread house

The price of wood composite products depends on the complexity of the carving - the more openwork option you choose, the higher the cost. And of course, products in which there are several layers will be more expensive than single-layer ones. Let's say a standard size platband can cost from 18,000 to 27,000 rubles. Decorative elements are delivered completely ready for installation, with the attached assembly diagram, but branded installation can also be ordered.

Ordering process and installation

Window design options

Facade decoration services are offered by both private craftsmen and a number of small companies. Wood artists working individually can create not only carved “lace”, cut in the old fashioned way with a jigsaw from thin, from 15 to 30 mm, planks, but also relief and sculptural decor items. But firms, as a rule, specialize in machine-made openwork products - using a laser machine and digitally controlled machines.

The choice of decors depends on many factors. This is the geometry of the building, and its number of storeys, and the design of the roof, and, of course, the shape of window and door openings. Obviously, there are very few universal decorations suitable for any building. Typically, house carvings are made to order, and the price is determined in each case, depending on the complexity of the products. The drawing can be designed in any of the traditional styles or made according to the sketches provided.

After the general concept is defined, a measurer visits the site. Based on the data received, the company's specialists develop a detailed design project, and the order is sent to work. It takes an average of one to three months to make a house carving.

Fasten the elements of house carving in a dry way - with nails or, preferably, with zinc-coated screws, which will protect against the appearance of rust streaks. Openwork decor items at the attachment points are recommended to be pre-drilled so that thin planks do not crack during installation. In some places, especially when installing light outer strips, it is possible to fix with outdoor glue. With proper installation and post-processing, carved jewelry will last for many decades.

Every housewife in the kitchen must have such an indispensable item as a cutting board.

Recently, handmade household items have become very popular, they are not only beautiful, but also functional. Handcrafted wood cutting boards with intricate patterns will be a worthy addition to any kitchen.

Wood carving is one of the ancient types of arts and crafts of many peoples.

In the 15th century, carving became widespread and was called carving.

It is unlikely that many everyday things made of wood could attract our attention if the hand of the master had not touched them.

Currently, there are many directions and styles of woodcarving.
There are still two main groups, and each has its own characteristics, styles and techniques.

relief carving

slotted

contour

Geometric

bracketed

Abramtsevo-Kudrinskaya

Tatyanka

Volumetric thread

brownie

Church

Bogorodskaya

sculptural

To decorate household items, folk craftsmen most often used geometric carving: trihedral-notched. For such a thread, the only tool used is a knife with a sharpened end.

The best material for trihedral-notched carving is soft hardwood - linden, alder and aspen. The wood of these trees is homogeneous and perfectly cut in all directions. After drying, it becomes durable and does not warp.

A curious world offers you a selection of carved cutting boards, look and be inspired!

1. Material selection
2. Made from solid material: saw cut wood, wide board or plywood sheet
3. Step 1: design
4. Step 2: Preparing the Tools
5. Step 3: woodworking
6. Step 4: details
7. Step 5: Protection
8. How to make a board from fragments
9. More ideas

The cutting board should be clean and sturdy. It can perform 2 functions: to be a decorative accessory, to serve as a cooking appliance.

Creating a kitchen board is a creative process that does not have a clear algorithm.

What can be a cutting board

The technical composition must be free of toxic impurities.

The groups are fastened with clamps, aligned with slats in the upper and lower planes (see photo).

When the glue dries, the group blanks are ground and planed to give evenness.

Dividing a large board into narrow fragments allows you to process workpieces on machines. They are guided by the width of the working areas of the planing equipment.

The processed group blanks are leveled in thickness, glued, lubricating the side ends with glue, and the structure is fixed with clamps.

Step 5: trimming and final sanding

When the glue dries, the board is cut to the desired size, the surface is sanded again. Corners can be rounded with a router.

A small groove is cut around the perimeter of the board. There will accumulate juice formed when cutting products.

Step 6: oil treatment

The finished product is treated with oil.

In a similar way, a board is made from fragments of any shape.

More ideas

For boards, you can use snags, unusual fragments of wood. Sometimes clear forms are avoided, they manage with grinding and impregnation of the product with protective oil.

In the finished board, you can cut a hole to remove scraps, grind the cut, attach legs to the board, and so on.

Care

Wooden boards absorb odors and accumulate bacteria. To prevent this from happening, grinding should be carried out, the product should be impregnated with oil at least 3 times a year. The service life of the board will increase.

Wood carving is an exciting hobby and an opportunity for additional income. For example, a 3d end cutting board can cost $500. If you are new to this area of ​​art, then you need to carefully study all the difficulties which you will encounter in the future. After all, this is only in a fairy tale - he said the magic word, and everything happened by itself - and boards, and tabletops, and carved platbands with valances. AT real life this is a painstaking task, it requires a keen eye and a faithful hand to cut, but the result is worth it.

products from the real natural wood, performed by the master manually, have been valued since ancient times.

Real wood products

Home interior design carved wood brings a lot of possibilities. Graceful, beautiful carved caskets, unusual picture frames and carved edging for mirrors. Environmentally friendly toys, platbands and furniture, carved cutting boards, decorations and board games - the range of everything that you can make from wood is endless. The larger the size of the product, the more time-consuming it is in the course of execution and, accordingly, the more expensive its price will be, but the less likely it is to quickly find a buyer. However, it is also very difficult to carve small, miniature works from wood.

To organize the work on the manufacture of wood products, some investments are needed. First of all, you need to purchase special tools:

Let's try to make out the composition of the carver's tool: how the tools are called and what they serve.

Cutters come in a variety of sizes and shapes with 35 degree angles. Finding a good cutter is a very difficult task, but it is the main tool with which the master performs most of the work and creates fine patterns and graceful forms of carved boards.

Joints are knives, they are used in the technique of flat-relief carving for cutting straight long lines, for rounding the contour. The cutting angle of the jamb is 60 degrees.

Chisels are straight and flat, semicircular, steep, sloping and medium, large and small. Each tool has its own purpose.

Rivets, they come in a variety of sizes and shapes of sharpening. Stick cutters are a group of tools, they have two bends of 125 degrees.

Geismuses have a bend angle of 45–50 degrees, and stichels have a bend angle of 20 degrees. The handles of these tools are made in the form of a fungus.

There are also spoon knives, they are used to remove a large amount of material in the manufacture of dishes. These knives are used for flat carving. For carving, there are a huge number of tools, and each has its own purpose.

You can save a lot of money by learning how to sharpen your own tools. Knives dull quickly when working with wood. If the master gives his tools for sharpening, this procedure takes about a week. But if you learn how to sharpen your tool yourself, you can save a lot, especially since it is not difficult.

To work with wood, you need a separate workshop. It can be any room, the main thing is that it well ventilated and heated. You will need a table with a wooden top, a cutting table for straightening, finishing tools, a couple of stools, a cabinet and shelves for materials, tools, sketches and paper templates. Sufficiently diffused, bright lighting and a directional lamp are needed for very small works - painting, carving, etc. Boards different types wood. And now the wood carving workshop is ready for you.

Depending on what product you are planning to make, you will need different kinds and pieces of wood. Beginners are usually advised to start with basswood, aspen, or alder. This wood is soft, well cut in any direction of the fibers. From linden and birch they make children's toys, figurines, cutting boards. This is a soft material, simple and uniform in processing, but fragile and splintery. In engineering geometric carving cedar wood is suitable for wood; it is malleable in work, with a homogeneous structure. But, in the southern regions of our country, it will not be easy to find cedar. For other types of carving (ship, house, or openwork, flat-relief sculptural, etc.), more common types of wood are suitable.

Finished crafts cover:

• gouache;
• stains;
• acrylic paints;
• tempera paints.

and then open with a safe oil varnish, but it is better to protect your hands with gloves

Unable to master carving technique without constant practice. It is better to work in the production of wooden products to master practices. There are schools of woodcarving, but they accept from 10-12 years old, as strength in the hands and accuracy and safety when using sharp tools are needed.

In order to start working on the production of natural wood, a considerable amount will be required. With this money you need to purchase the necessary tools, raw materials and consumable. The hottest product these are cutting boards. This money will pay off in about a month if you work hard.

Gallery: DIY cutting boards (25 photos)

Plywood products

And you can also make crafts from plywood using a manual jigsaw, electric jigsaw. Cutting out plywood seems to be just a hobby that is carried away in childhood. But with the help of a jigsaw, a craftsman can create a unique masterpiece.

The natural appeal and easy processing of natural wood allows it to be used to create beautiful wooden decorations for the interior and home. Created by nature, this eco-friendly material has been tested for centuries and continues to be used. in great demand in construction and life.

Original carved wooden box

Increasingly, even wealthy citizens prefer more expensive brick buildings or logs. And this is not only a tribute to fashion, wood is a unique material with live energy. Wood perfectly retains heat and creates a favorable microclimate in the room. Together with wooden houses, interest in is gradually returning.

In the old days, houses were decorated with carved elements not only for the sake of aesthetics - each pattern and ornament had its own meaning and served to protect the home and family from troubles, evil spirits and bad people.

The carving was applied to the elements of the facade of the house: cornices, shutters, platbands, towels, poles and supports. Today, few people think about the symbolism of carved decorations for houses.

Various carved decorations on the facades of houses

However beautiful patterns, invented by ancient masters, continue to live, acquiring new details. New technologies and high-precision equipment come to the aid of modern wood carvers, thanks to which it is possible to create complex and original wood products.

Carved roof decor

The upper triangular part of the roof (pediment) in the old days was called an ochelie. It was he who was decorated with decorative carvings especially richly:

carving on windows

They are considered an equally important element in decorating houses. With the help of not only a decorative effect is achieved, but also the gap between the window frame and the wall is closed, and the house is better protected from noise and drafts.

Example original carving on the windows

The carved decoration of windows in the old days also had a great protective value, because it is through windows and doors that evil spirits can enter the house. Carved amulets eventually turned into beautiful ornaments that have come down to us.

A carved platband could have a fairly simple design and consist of three, less often four boards, on which a simple repeating pattern or ornament was applied. A more complex and decorative frame of the window included various elements, multi-layered carved overlays and details:

House carving technique

The styles and techniques of house carving combine many schools, trends and methods of application. Wooden decorations of houses can be made in the following ways:

What wood to use for house carving

The most common, and in the northwestern regions the best, is pine. Strong enough and easy to handle, it is well suited for making carved decorations for the facade of the house.

Decoration with carved elements of the facade of the house

Unpainted pine eventually becomes a light yellow, almost honey. Aspen has been valued as a good ornamental material since ancient times. It has a soft pliable structure, slightly dries out, and is resistant to cracking. With age, aspen wood jewelry acquires a gray steel sheen that can be mistaken for metal.

Plastic, soft and very convenient for carving linden. The smooth, light linden wood is homogeneous and well suited for relief carving. However, the softness and porosity of the fibers make linden short-lived and demanding to care for.

Oak is a very strong and durable material, but it is very expensive and difficult to process because of the hard and dense wood. Larch is also a durable and hard type of wood, but rarely used for making carved jewelry, since linden easily splits.