The number of holidays in a year. Russia: Production calendar (2018). Legal Studio of Xenia Pak

In anticipation of the next calendar year, each person sooner or later thinks about what it will be like - simple or leap year? Of particular relevance this moment acquires in the case when we are planning an important event for a new calendar period - moving, buying real estate, a business deal or a long journey. It has long been believed among the people that years, numbering one day more than usual, are accompanied by all sorts of misfortunes and failures.

And they argue that the influence of leap years is reflected not only in luck ordinary citizens, but also on the development of countries and the world as a whole - the political and economic situation is aggravating, and the risks of conflicts are becoming more real. Not surprisingly, a leap year is a period in which for 366 days we are just waiting for dirty tricks (and spitting over our left shoulder more often than usual). An extra day in such a year is added due to the date February 29th.

The concept of "leap year" appeared due to the difference in calendar and astronomical calculus. Astronomers take into account in their calculations that a year (that is, the period during which the planet makes a full circle around the Sun) contains 365.25 days. In a normal calendar year, such calculations are not applicable, so it was decided that the year is equal to 365 days. However, the remainder of 0.25 days cannot just disappear, so every four years, when an “extra” day accumulates, it is added to the February calendar.

Is 2018 a leap year or not?

It is not difficult to determine whether a new period will be considered a leap year. It is enough to divide the digit of the year by the number 4. If the final value turns out to be an integer, the year is a leap year, and if, as a result of the calculations, we get the remainder, then it is quite normal. Thus, we can reassure you with the information that 2018 includes only 365 days, because 18:4 gives a total of 4.5. In addition, the leap year was quite recent - in 2016, and if you observe a period of 4 years, then you need to prepare for a difficult period no earlier than 2020.

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The procedure for recording working time at the enterprise requires employers to follow the established production calendar. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that it changes from year to year, and the production calendar for 2018 approved by the Government is seriously different from the previous ones, since depending on the dates of holidays, the location of weekends and other nuances, the number of working days and hours in a month and year may change . Therefore, downloading a production calendar for 2018 with holidays and weekends will be useful for every employer.

What is a 2018 production calendar and how to use it

Under the production calendar in the Russian labor practice It implies a system of accounting for working time, namely, days and hours in a month and a year. Wherein Special attention given to holidays and weekends. The use of this system greatly simplifies the work of the personnel and accounting department, saves the employer from possible problems associated with the establishment of a work schedule and provides an opportunity to effectively organize the work process without the risk of violating the established norms and requirements of labor legislation.

Production calendar for 2018 with holidays and public holidays seriously differs from the calendars of previous years, as it is established and approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in yearly. This is due to the fact that weekends and holidays fall on different dates in different months every year, which can lead to difficulties related to accounting for working hours.

In general, the use of the production calendar in labor practice has several different purposes, which include:

Legal regulation of the application of the production calendar in 2018, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, is provided by the provisions of the following normative documents federal level:

When compiling production calendars, it is also necessary to take into account regional legislation, since in some subjects Russian Federation Additional holidays and days off may apply.

Production calendar for 2018 - how residents of the Russian Federation relax

The questions of how the production calendar for 2018 should look like and how the inhabitants of the Russian Federation relax are quite simple to solve. The production calendar itself is most often presented in the form of two tables. The first uses a simple calendar that marks all weekends—Saturdays and Sundays for the standard five-day workweek, as well as public holidays and rescheduled weekends, in case national holidays fall on an already public holiday. This part of the production calendar for 2018 looks like this:

I quarter
Day of the week		January					February					March
Monday		1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26		5	12	19	26
Tuesday		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27		6	13	20	27
Wednesday		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28		7*	14	21	28
Thursday		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22*		1	8	15	22	29
Friday		5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23		2	9	16	23	30
Saturday		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24		3	10	17	24	31
Sunday		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25		4	11	18	25
II quarter
Day of the week	April						May					June
Monday		2	9	16	23	30		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25
Tuesday		3	10	17	24		1	8*	15	22	29		5	12	19	26
Wednesday		4	11	18	25		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27
Thursday		5	12	19	26		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28
Friday		6	13	20	27		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29
Saturday		7	14	21	28*		5	12	19	26		2	9*	16	23	30
Sunday	1	8	15	22	29		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24
III quarter
Day of the week	July						August					September
Monday		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24
Tuesday		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25
Wednesday		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26
Thursday		5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27
Friday		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28
Saturday		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29
Sunday	1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23	30
IV quarter
Day of the week	October					november					December
Monday	1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26		3	10	17	24	31
Tuesday	2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27		4	11	18	25
Wednesday	3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28		5	12	19	26
Thursday	4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29		6	13	20	27
Friday	5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23	30		7	14	21	28
Saturday	6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24		1	8	15	22	29*
Sunday	7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25		2	9	16	23	30

* - Shortened pre-holiday working days with a 40-hour working week (reduction by 1 hour).
January 1-6, 8	—	New Year holidays (rev. federal law dated April 23, 2012 No. 35-FZ);
January 7	—	Nativity;
February 23	—	Defender of the Fatherland Day;
March 8	—	International Women's Day;
The 1 of May	—	Spring and Labour Day;
9th May	—	Victory Day;
12 June	—	Russia Day;
November 4	—	National Unity Day

The second table should display the working hours in each month in full working days and hours - while in relation to individual positions and individual workers, and also in the case of different hourly duration of working weeks, separate rows of the table should be taken into account. This part of the production calendar for 2018 with weekends and holidays with a 40-hour, 36-hour and 24-hour five-day working week is as follows:

	January	February	March	I quarter
	days
Calendar days	31	28	31	90
Working day	17	19	20	56
Weekends and holidays	14	9	11	34
	Working hours
	136,0	151,0	159,0	446,0
	122,4	135,8	143,0	401,2
	81,6	90,2	95,0	266,8
	April	May	June	II quarter	1st half
	days
Calendar days	30	31	30	91	181
Working day	21	20	20	61	117
Weekends and holidays	9	11	10	30	64
	Working hours
With a 40 hour work week	167,0	159,0	159,0	485,0	931,0
With a 36 hour work week	150,2	143,0	143,0	436,2	837,4
With a 24-hour work week	99,8	95,0	95,0	289,8	556,6
	July	August	September	III quarter
	days
Calendar days	31	31	30	92
Working day	22	23	20	65
Weekends and holidays	9	8	10	27
	Working hours
With a 40 hour work week	176,0	184,0	160,0	520,0
With a 36 hour work week	158,4	165,6	144,0	468,0
With a 24-hour work week	105,6	110,4	96,0	312,0
	October	November	December	IV quarter	2 semester	2018
	days
Calendar days	31	30	31	92	184	365
Working day	23	21	21	65	130	247
Weekends and holidays	8	9	10	27	54	118
	Working hours
With a 40 hour work week	184,0	168,0	167,0	519,0	1 039,0	1 970,0
With a 36 hour work week	165,6	151,2	150,2	467,0	935,0	1 772,4
With a 24-hour work week	110,4	100,8	99,8	311,0	623,0	1 179,6

It must be taken into account that on pre-holiday working days, working hours should be reduced by one hour, as required by federal law. Usually, such days are marked in the production calendar with an asterisk.

It should also be borne in mind that for certain professions or working conditions there are additional restrictions on the total working time during the week, so the production calendar for 2018 should be drawn up taking into account all such professions and workers employed in specific working conditions.

Production calendar for 2018 with a six-day working week

If the enterprise adopted not a standard five-day work week, but a different work schedule, this will have a separate impact on the formation of the production calendar. In particular, with a six-day work week, it will look like this:

I quarter
Day of the week		January					February					March
Monday		1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26		5	12	19	26
Tuesday		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27		6	13	20	27
Wednesday		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28		7*	14	21	28
Thursday		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22*		1	8	15	22	29
Friday		5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23		2	9	16	23	30
Saturday		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24		3	10	17	24	31
Sunday		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25		4	11	18	25
Calendar days		31					28					31
Working day		20					23					26
Weekends and holidays		11					5					5
II quarter
Day of the week	April						May					June
Monday		2	9	16	23	30		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25
Tuesday		3	10	17	24		1	8*	15	22	29		5	12	19	26
Wednesday		4	11	18	25		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27
Thursday		5	12	19	26		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28
Friday		6	13	20	27		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29
Saturday		7	14	21	28		5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23	30
Sunday	1	8	15	22	29		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24
Calendar days	30						31					30
Working day	25						24					25
Weekends and holidays	5						7					5
III quarter
Day of the week	July						August					September
Monday		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24
Tuesday		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25
Wednesday		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26
Thursday		5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27
Friday		6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28
Saturday		7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29
Sunday	1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23	30
Calendar days	31						31					30
Working day	26						27					25
Weekends and holidays	5						4					5
IV quarter
Day of the week	October					november					December
Monday	1	8	15	22	29		5	12	19	26		3	10	17	24	31
Tuesday	2	9	16	23	30		6	13	20	27		4	11	18	25
Wednesday	3	10	17	24	31		7	14	21	28		5	12	19	26
Thursday	4	11	18	25		1	8	15	22	29		6	13	20	27
Friday	5	12	19	26		2	9	16	23	30		7	14	21	28
Saturday	6	13	20	27		3	10	17	24		1	8	15	22	29*
Sunday	7	14	21	28		4	11	18	25		2	9	16	23	30
Calendar days	31					30					31
Working day	27					25					26
Weekends and holidays	4					5					5

The production calendar for 2018 shows the norm of working hours for months, quarters and 2018 as a whole with 40-, 36- and 24-hour working weeks, as well as the number of working days and days off with a five-day working week with two days off.

According to Article 112 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) (as amended by Federal Law No. 35-FZ of April 23, 2012), non-working holidays in the Russian Federation are:

• January 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 - New Year holidays;
• January 7 - Christmas;
• February 23 - Defender of the Fatherland Day;
• March 8 - International Women's Day;
• May 1 - Spring and Labor Day;
• May 9 - Victory Day;
• June 12 - Day of Russia;
• November 4 is National Unity Day.

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation established that if a weekend and a non-working holiday coincide, the day off is transferred to the next working day after the holiday. Thus, in 2018, days off are postponed:

• from Sunday 4 November to Monday 5 November.

The exception is weekends coinciding with non-working holidays in January. In accordance with Art. 112 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation has the right to transfer two days off from the number of days off coinciding with non-working January holidays to other days in the next calendar year. In addition, part 5 of this article allows the Government of the Russian Federation to transfer days off to other days for the rational use of days off and other non-working days.

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated October 14, 2017 No. 1250 provides for the postponement of holidays in 2018:

• from Saturday 6 January for Friday 9 March;
• from Sunday 7 January to Wednesday 2 May;
• from Saturday 28 April to Monday 30 April;
• from Saturday 9 June to Monday 11 June;
• from Saturday 29 December to Monday 31 December.

In accordance with the "Procedure for calculating the norm of working time for certain calendar periods of time (month, quarter, year), depending on the established duration of working time per week", approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated August 13, 2009 No. 588n, this norm is calculated according to the calculated five-day schedule working week with two days off on Saturday and Sunday, based on the duration daily work(shifts):

• with a 40-hour work week - 8 hours;
• with a 36-hour work week - 7.2 hours;
• with a 24-hour work week - 4.8 hours.

The duration of the working day or shift immediately preceding a non-working holiday is reduced by one hour. Moreover, if a day off is transferred to such a working day, then the day off that becomes a working day is reduced by 1 hour. In 2018, working hours are reduced by one hour on the following days:

• February 22;
• March 7;
• April 28;
• May 8;
• the 9th of June;
• December 29th.

The norm of working time calculated in the specified order applies to all modes of work and rest.

An example of calculating the norm of working hours in December 2018 with a five-day working week with two days off (initial data: 21 working days, on December 29, the working day was reduced by 1 hour):

• calculation for a 40-hour work week:
  (8 hours x 21 days) - 1 hour = 167 hours;
• 
  (7.2 hours x 21 days) - 1 hour = 150.2 hours;
• 
  (4.8 hours x 21 days) - 1 hour = 99.8 hours.

In 2018, 247 working days, including 6 working days reduced by one hour. Calculation of the norm of working hours for 2018 with a five-day working week with two days off:

• with a 40 hour work week:
  (8 hours x 247 days - 6 hours) = 1970 hours;
• with a 36-hour work week:
  (7.2 hours x 247 days - 6 hours) = 1772.4 hours;
• with a 24-hour work week:
  (4.8 hours x 247 days - 6 hours) = 1179.6 hours.

Obviously, all accountants and personnel officers need a production calendar to work, because it contains all the necessary information about working days, weekends, non-working holidays, and working time standards established in a particular year.

What will be the production calendar for 2018 you will learn from our material.

Production calendar 2018 with holidays and days off

All holidays that are non-working days are listed in Labor Code. These include (Article 112 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation):

• New Year - January 1-6 and 8,
• Christmas - January 7,
• Defender of the Fatherland Day - February 23,
• International Women's Day - March 8,
• Holiday of Spring and Labor - May 1,
• Victory Day - May 9,
• Russia Day - June 12,
• National Unity Day - 4 November.

All these dates reflect the 2018 calendar with holidays. According to the rules of the same article 112 of the Labor Code, a holiday coinciding with a weekend is “shifted” to the working day immediately following the holiday. In 2018, such a day is Sunday November 4, which means that Monday November 5 will also be non-working.

But there is an exception to this rule that applies to New Year's "holidays": the days from January 1 to 8, coinciding with days off, can be transferred to other days of the year, as a rule, they are added to other holidays, thereby "lengthening" them and changing the calendar of working days. For example, in 2017, due to January 1 and 7, which coincided with the weekend, the February and May holidays increased by 1 day (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 08/04/2016 No. 756).

What transfers are offered in 2018? At the suggestion of the Ministry of Labor, a Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 14, 2017 No. 1250 was prepared, according to which the production calendar for 2018 contains the following days off:

• New Year and Christmas "holidays" will last from December 30, 2017 to January 8, 2018,
• "holiday" days off from January 6 and 7 are transferred to March 9 and May 2, respectively,
• holidays from Saturdays April 28, June 9 and December 29, 2018 are proposed to be moved to working days April 30, June 11 and December 31, 2018, so as not to break the "long" weekend.

If the Government adopts such a version of the resolution, then this is how everyone who works on the “five-day” will rest. For those working on a six-day week, they will remain working days on March 9, April 30, June 11 and December 31, since the transfer of weekends to these dates is planned from Saturdays that coincided with non-working holidays, and Saturday is not a day off for the six-day week.

Timesheet calendar for 2018: production time standards for "five days"

The norm of working time is calculated according to the schedule of a five-day working week with days off Saturday and Sunday, based on the duration of daily work or shift (Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2009 No. 588n). This calculation procedure is also applied to the “six-day period”.

For the “five-day” week, the timesheet calendar for 2018 indicates the following annual rates working time:

• with a 40-hour week (8 hours a day) - 1970 hours,
• at 36-hour (7.2 hours per day) - 1772.4 hours,
• at 24-hour (4.8 hours per day) - 1179.6 hours.

The duration of work before the holidays, according to the 2018 timesheet calendar, is reduced by an hour on February 22, March 7 and May 8. Also, working hours are reduced by 1 hour on working Saturdays April 28, June 9 and December 29, due to which the rest is postponed to Mondays.

The norm of working time for any month is calculated as follows: the number of hours of the working week must be divided by 5, multiplied by the working days of the “five-day period” in a particular month and subtract the hours by which work is reduced on pre-holiday days.

For example: the production calendar-2018 in June shows 20 working days, incl. 1 pre-holiday (June 9). Working time in June, with a 40-hour week, it will be 159 hours (40 hours: 5 days x 20 days - 1 hour).

The total number of working days on the “five-day period” in 2018 is 247, of which 6 are pre-holiday “reduced” days, and 118 days off with holidays.

The 2018 production calendar with holidays for the five-day work week can be seen below.

2018 calendar of working hours with a six-day working week

The norms of working time for the "six-day work" in 2018, similarly to the five-day week, cannot exceed 40 hours per week (Article 91 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

The reduction of pre-holiday working days by an hour, for those working six days a week, is provided for on February 22, March 7, April 30, May 8, June 11, November 3, December 31.

Working days with a six-day week will be 299 days, and non-working days - 66 days.

The 2018 calendar with holidays and weekends (six-day week) can be found in this post below.

Symbols in the calendar-2018 with holidays and weekends

Traditionally, weekends and holidays are marked on the calendar with a different color than weekdays, usually red. Pre-holiday days, when the work should end 1 hour earlier, are marked with an asterisk.