Universal lathes for metal. Universal metal milling machines Specifications and scope of universal metal milling machines

Milling machines - a type of equipment used for processing various materials milling. It is used to perform operations such as:

• cutting material;
• cutting grooves, grooves;
• production of gears and gears;
• and other operations that basically require the removal of the source material from the surface of the workpiece.

A striking example of a part made by milling, as mentioned above, is a gear.

When processing a workpiece on a milling machine, the working tool (cutter) is rotated, which distinguishes it from lathe, in which the part rotates. A metal milling machine is equipment that allows you to process workpieces from various types of metals and alloys, which is difficult to replace. At Promo you can buy milling machines for work with any size of preparations: from small-sized milling machines to machines for processing of large-sized details. Any size: from a small machine for home and individual use to large-sized routers for small-scale production.

Vertical milling machine for metal

The most popular in its class is the vertical milling machine. It is called vertical due to the location of the spindle. The salient features of this type of equipment are:

• the possibility of processing any metals and alloys. Naturally, it is necessary to take into account the strength of the cutting tool.
• standard design, facilitating the repair and maintenance of equipment;
• due to a relatively simple design, brought to perfection during use, high reliability and unpretentiousness;
• a wide range of types of processing: boring, drilling, milling. At the same time, after the introduction of the rotary head, it became possible to manufacture parts with an inclination of up to 45 degrees relative to the plane of the table.

Vertical milling machines for metal can be without a console (consoleless) and with it (console milling). The latter are characterized by the presence of a console on which the table is located, moving horizontally and vertically, as well as allowing the workpiece to be rotated relative to the processing plane. To ensure high precision and processing speed in mass production, CNC vertical milling machines are provided.

Universal milling machine

Universal milling machines are a development of vertical milling machines. They differ in that they are equipped with a rotary table that allows you to set the workpiece at the required angle to the tool. At the same time, there are its varieties: a universal vertical milling machine and a universal cantilever milling machine. You can buy a universal milling machine for metal at Proma.

The presence of an additional head, in which another cutter is fixed, is a sign of a wide-purpose milling machine. At the same time, it can be used both simultaneously with the main one, and separately from it. Such machines are indispensable in the manufacture of parts of complex shape. Some types of such equipment do not have a cantilever panel: instead, there is a movable column on which the carriage is movably fixed.

The Promo company delivers machines to any region. New machines have a 12 month warranty.

Universal milling machines for metal are used everywhere for various metal industries. major works. Their advantage is that they have a specific mechanism for performing manual drilling and cutting work. To be more precise, all drilling and cutting operations for metal are performed using a cylindrical and disk cutter.

What's more, desktop universal portable metal milling machines have additional opportunity attaching special milling heads that are used for drilling and cutting metal work using vertical milling.

But it is also always possible to use horizontal milling cutters, which once again underlines the entire universality of this type of machine.

1 About wide-universal machines

Wide-universal desktop milling machines are quite different from all other types of milling machines. As a rule, they are distinguished by an additional spindle head, a spread of adjustment along the axis. In wide-universal machines, there is a different tooling (relative to conventional machines), which has many additional high-precision tools.

An additional spindle head on this type of device is mounted on the so-called retractable trunk.

This head can be rotated at different angles and along any axis, strictly in 2 mutually perpendicular planes. When working on a machine of this type, it is possible to perform operations separately or simultaneously with both spindles, which is unacceptable in conventional machines.

If a wide-universal manual is required make the machine even more versatile, then an overhead milling head is additionally installed on its rotary head. Thanks to its use, it becomes possible to create technologically complex parts on a machine of this type not only by milling, but also by drilling, countersinking and even boring.

Table-machines of this type can also be used for copy-milling work. And here it is important to understand that wide-universal non-specific machines are not inferior in efficiency to copy-milling machines in copy-milling work.

Additional equipment of a wide-purpose device allows you to modify it so that it becomes narrowly focused (in this case, copy-milling) and will not differ in any way from copy-milling machines.

Why then in copy-milling works rarely used widely universal machine tools for metal? The fact is that a wide-purpose machine and its additional equipment have a huge price due to the wide range of possibilities, while machines sharpened for copy-milling robots are relatively cheap.

The equipment of wide-purpose devices is usually more than diverse; the equipment of such a device is calculated in dozens of various additional devices. The machine itself consists of the following parts:

• base plate;
• bed;
• device console;
• sled;
• fixing portable table;
• the so-called "trunk" having the ability to move along the "X" axis and the "Y" axis;
• sending with a cutter.

In some machines of this type, a console is not provided, and instead a special carriage moves along vertical guides, the so-called bed.

This carriage is equipped with horizontal guides for the machine sled, having a working surface and special "T-shaped" grooves that can move along the "X" axis and the "Y" axis.

The wide universality of this type of machine, as well as its auxiliary tools (additional equipment, modifying devices, and so on) allow it to be used in tool and even experimental workshops, both for creating various conductors, dies and molds, and when equipment is needed and tools for other machines.

Simply put, this device is able to create tools for other types of machines.

2 Classification of machines

There is a special classification "ENIMS", which designed to systematize all existing machines. In this classification system, a universal metal milling machine belongs to the sixth group.

Each device of this type has an individual model designation, which is represented by a set of numbers and letters. The first digit in the designation is the number of the group to which this particular machine belongs, the second digit indicates its type.

The third and fourth digits assign the machine its size in the ENIMS classification system. And here it is important to know that if there is a letter between the first digit and the second, therefore, the design of the machine is a modification of the original. And if the letter is at the end of the device number, then this letter indicates the constructive type of modification of the basis of the machine model.

Example: "6P12B" is a high-speed model, while "6P82Sh" is a manual horizontal wide-universal milling machine.

There are also differences between machine types and accuracy classes. So "H" means that the device is of normal accuracy, "P" - that the device is of increased accuracy, "B" - high, "A" - extremely high, "C" - ultra-precise.

2.1 Most popular models

High-precision micro-milling machine model "Proxxon MF-70". This metal drilling and processing device is designed for extremely precise milling and subsequent processing of various metals. Such as:

• steel;
• aluminum;
• brass;
• cast iron.

In addition, this micro-milling the machine is capable of performing plastics of various types of wood.

This relatively small manual desktop micro-milling machine is made of cast iron and aluminum casting. Ironically, the surface of the device case is milled.

The Proxxon MF-70 machine is equipped with a spindle high speed, which has a balanced motor that allows the use of milling cutters of almost any diameter. The equipment of this drilling and processing device includes:

• milling head with a special fixing stand;
• coordinate table;
• a set of collets measuring 0.8 - 3.2 mm with locks (all collets are exclusively three-lobed);
• steel clamps;
• additional tools;
• instructions and operating manual and safety when using the machine.

Specifications Proxxon MF-70 models are as follows:

• voltage in 220 - 240 Volts;
• power: 100 volts;
• the rotation speed of the machine spindle is 5000 - 20000 rpm;
• adjustment on the X-axis: 134 millimeters, and on the Y-axis: 46 millimeters;
• The mass of the device is approximately 7 kilograms.

Copy-milling machine model "GALAXY-III", with triple drilling under the handle and special drainage channels.

This copy-milling device is used for drilling such elements and parts as:

• lock holes;
• handles;
• various metal loops;
• bolts;
• drainage channels (absolutely any size) on both aluminum and plastic profiles.

Distinctive features of this particular copy-milling machine model are:

• factory equipment (complete set) the table has special pneumatic clamps;
• built-in horizontal hydraulic drive, which has the ability to work in automatic mode;
• manual (horizontal) triple drilling system;
• this copy-milling machine the device is capable of drilling channels on two axes and at different angles;
• there is a function of independent operation of each of the available motors;
• there is a safety clip for cutting operations.

The technical characteristics of the GALAXY-III model are as follows:

• the rotation speed of the machine spindle is 15350 - 32000 rpm;
• the ability to use a drill of almost any size;
• adjustment along the "X" axis: 255 millimeters, and along the "Y" axis: 110 millimeters;
• device dimensions: 900 x 850 x 1500 millimeters;
• weight 190 kilograms.

2.2 Overview of the popular milling machine (video)

Universal lathes differ in functionality, representing one of the most advanced and modern types of machine tools. Machines of this type are designed for industrial operation, for small-scale production, various kinds metalworking in small batches. The main task that combined lathes perform is working with cylindrical blanks, processing shaped parts, conical products. The presented models of universal machines are distinguished by multi-purpose use, variety functionality and technical specifications.

Due to the universal design, this technique allows a wide range of turning operations, milling and drilling of holes. The use of universal machines significantly increases the productivity of the workflow, provides significant savings in the time required to manufacture a part or product.

Main Features of Universal Lathes

Unlike standard models, universal turning equipment is a multifunctional processing complex. Due to the presence of numerous functionals, special devices and fixtures on this equipment, it is possible to provide complex processing of workpieces in one working cycle. Generalists are able to perform the necessary technological operations without special equipment. In the course of work it is not required to reinstall details and to carry out replacement of tools.

Models of universal machines are used to work with large parts and workpieces, allowing you to reduce the number of additional operations and manipulations. According to their technical characteristics and parameters, station wagons are divided into the following types:

universal CNC machines, complex machining centers;

universal screw-cutting mechanisms.

Equipping models with a CNC system ensures the execution of several technological cycles simultaneously, increasing productivity in the manufacture of the same type of products in large series. The role of the operator in this case is reduced to providing control over the workflow. Universal screw-cutting lathes have a simpler and more reliable design, allowing you to increase the scale of complex processing of workpieces used in mass production during repair and restoration work. The presence of special devices in the design allows you to control the process in a semi-automatic mode, to carry out technological operations in a clear sequence with the terms of reference.

What is the versatility of this equipment? Additional heads for vertical milling can be installed on it. The expansion of functions also occurs due to additional heads (universal and slotting), a mechanism that cuts combs, a dividing table, etc.

The purpose of the universal milling machine

Processing workpieces from various materials with drills and various cutters: face, shaped, cylindrical and end.

Here are some of the operations that are carried out by universal machines:

• creating corners, frames, grooves, spirals, etc.
• work with various surfaces(horizontal, inclined, vertical and screw),
• work with blanks that require periodic division.

Design

The key structural element is the frame. It is here (inside) that the main units are mounted, and the gearbox and spindle assembly are located. From the electric motor, the torque is transmitted to the spindle (using a gearbox). The mandrel, on which the cutter is put on, is installed in the front plane of the spindle.

A feature of universal equipment is the rotation of the desktop by 45 degrees. It is this option that allows you to process at any angle.

Machine types

The most sought after are:

• universal

  it is worth buying if serial processing of surfaces of various sizes and types is required;

• universal

  with six different cutters, it processes surfaces (including curved ones), parts in the form of bodies of revolution, corners and grooves;

• vertical milling

  adapted for serial processing of small workpieces of a similar shape;

• wide universal

  processes a wide range of materials (from metals to plastics), cuts threads, performs drilling.

Benefits of a universal milling machine

• accuracy,
• strength,
• power,
• the possibility of expanding the original functions,
• wide range of prices.

Classification of universal milling machines for metal

Any model of the machine has a personal designation, which includes letters and numbers. What do they stand for?

• "First digit" - the group to which the machine belongs;
• "Second digit" - type of equipment;
• The letter between the "first" and "second" digits (if any) is an improved design;
• "Third" and "fourth" digits - one of the defining dimensions of the equipment;
• The letter at the end of the number is an improved design of the main model.

The technological capabilities of universal milling machines for metal can be expanded with the use of a vertical head, a universal head, a universal dividing apparatus, a round dividing table, a slotting head, a device for cutting combs and other devices and devices

Equipment characteristic

The machine can process vertical and horizontal shaped and screw surfaces, grooves and corners. Milling of parts that require periodic division or helical movement is performed using special tools.

All main components of the machine are mounted on the bed. Also inside it there is a spindle assembly and a gearbox. The console with the feed box moves along vertical guides. A slide with a rotary device moves along the guides of the console, which carries a longitudinal table and allows you to rotate the table around the vertical axis by 45 ° in both directions, so that it can move in a horizontal plane at different angles to the spindle axis. The mandrel with the tool is supported by a trunk with earrings.

Manufacturers produce equipment different sizes, power and, accordingly, purpose: from desktop milling machines for metal to professional high-performance machines for long-term hard work. When choosing and buying a universal milling machine, you need to pay attention to its following important characteristics:

Cost and order of the machine

The company "RuStan" offers to buy machine tools and components for favorable price. We remind you that a flexible system of discounts applies when ordering! Delivery in Moscow and Russia, self-pickup is possible.