McDonald's menu and prices. History of McDonald's. "McDonald's": the history of the creation, development and success of McDonalds official

  • 11.03.2021

Ray Kroc is the man behind 29,000 restaurants in the world today. fast food serving more than 45 million people a day. But he met the MacDonald brothers at the age of 52, having an impressive list of illnesses and problems behind him. The history of the development of McDonald's is at the same time the history of the development of which managed to earn $ 600 million at a very respectable age! This man managed not only to get rich quickly and fabulously, but also to significantly change the lifestyle of many people in the world.

The beginning of the journey - the McDonald's brothers

The McDonald brothers are the founders of the famous restaurant chain. It was with their help that the history of McDonald's began. They opened their first fast food restaurant in 1940. In the cafe of that ancient time, 25 dishes were traditionally served. The brothers greatly simplified the menu, leaving it with hamburgers and cheeseburgers, pies, chips, coffee, and all this was prepared and served very quickly in McDonald's restaurants. History of creation famous brand also began with a shift to self-service customers, and a reduction in food prices.

By the way, in those days, girls could not work in such establishments, as the brothers believed that they would distract the male staff from work. The McDonalds were able to capture the desires of people in the difficult post-war period. Their business was doing great. The brothers were very active in promoting the McDonald's restaurant. The history of the logo began its journey in the mid-50s, it was then that the well-known red-yellow arch icon appeared. But the institution still lacked scope. It was then that Ray Kroc appeared - the man who changed the fast food restaurant forever.

Who made McDonald's grow?

Ray Kroc is not the inventor of fast food or anything else. The only thing he knew how to do well in his life was to trade. For a long 17 years he sold paper cups of a well-known company, and then created own business engaged in the sale of ice cream machines. True, competitors soon released a new model of the device, and Ray had to close the company. In desperation and looking for work, he began to travel around the country and one day he heard interesting news.

A small restaurant ordered as many as ten of his ice cream machines. When asked about what is happening there, his friend replied: "People make money." Krok, without a moment's hesitation, got behind the wheel and drove off to sunny California. McDonald's, whose history began in 1940, was in for big changes.

Franchise in San Bernardino

Once in the small town of San Bernardino, Ray hurried to see the coveted cafe. McDonald's turned out to be a small roadside establishment with a fast service system and disposable tableware. Ray saw iron kitchen counters and a very small menu of nine items. But most of all, he was surprised by the prices, which were half the prices of competitors. The McDonald brothers, who, unfortunately, were real mattresses, ran all the affairs here. The income that they had was quite suitable for them, and they did not want to achieve great success. If Kroc had not appeared in their lives, the history of McDonald's would simply have stopped. The brothers did not look for investors, and those sponsors that appeared on their way themselves were dissuaded from investing large sums in the construction of restaurants.

Selling a franchise for the right to open for very little money (up to 2.5 thousand dollars), they did not even demand a percentage of the income of this institution. Bankrupt Ray Kroc took matters into his own hands and offered the brothers new scheme interactions.

The history of McDonald's: the sale of franchises by Croc

Kroc invited the owners of the establishment to sell franchises throughout the country with his help. The price for 20 years was $950. Moreover, each cafe must pay a percentage of the profits, which was divided between the McDonald brothers and the enterprising Kroc. The percentage was given by the new owners for the use of the logo, brand and fast food system invented by the brothers.

At the time when Kroc and McDonald's significant acquaintance took place, all known chains of fast food restaurants were already selling franchises. It was believed that this is an easy way to earn good money. Many people who sold franchises were not interested in the further development of the brand and did not follow all the terms of the contract. They only cared about getting money. Kroc, on the other hand, wanted the history of the McDonald's brand to follow a different path. He wanted the restaurant to bring a steady income without dishonoring the brand across America.

He abandoned selling franchises in large areas, trading the right to open only one restaurant. If the owner of the establishment showed that he could be trusted with the brand, Ray allowed him to open another cafe. He did not cash in on restaurateurs, forcing them to buy equipment and products of his choice, but strictly monitored the quality of all purchased products. She had to meet the standard standards of McDonald's.

True, such conditions did not please buyers. Wealthy investors wanted to purchase a license for an entire state, while people with fewer opportunities were not satisfied with the fact that the franchise was only valid for 20 years under the strict control of Kroc. Ray only sold 18 franchises in his first year of new business. Moreover, half of the restaurateurs did whatever they wanted, selling even pizza and hot dogs in cafes. Ray Kroc dreamed of something completely different. An unexpected incident helped him - acquaintance with Sanford Agate.

McDonald's: The Success Story of Sanford Agate

46-year-old journalist Agathe had saved up $25,000 and wanted to start his own business. Kroc sold him a franchise to open a restaurant in the town of Waukegan. Agaté paid the construction fee, bought the equipment, and his money ran out.

In May 1955 small restaurant opened and had an unexpected resounding success. Every day his income was about a thousand dollars. The man who leased the land was outraged. He had no idea that a small establishment in a small town would bring the owner an income equal to 30 thousand a month. He himself received only one thousand for rent. Soon, Agate bought himself a luxurious house and began to live for his own pleasure. This success inspired many people who had little savings but a great passion for work and wealth. People began to line up for Kroc, hoping to repeat the success of Sanford. The history of McDonald's has moved forward. Krok sold to people not new business, he gave them success! The restaurant paid off in about six months, starting to bring excellent profits. For the sake of this, people were ready to fulfill all the instructions and requirements of Ray, as he wanted. His dreams began to come true.

Buying out the rights from the founding brothers

The history of McDonald's took a new path when, in 1961, its founders agreed to sell Croc and the right to manage it independently without their participation. The letter "M", which is considered the sign of all institutions, they estimated at 2.7 million dollars. The former salesman, of course, did not have that kind of money. Although the restaurant chain brought in a huge income, Ray's percentage was negligible. In addition, the amount of existing debt already exceeded $ 5 million. Kroc urgently needed a large loan. Sonneborn (network financier) persuaded several well-known universities to invest 2.7 million in business development. But the day before receiving the money, a refusal came, motivated by the unreliability of this enterprise. Then Sonneborn came up with the idea of ​​combining the restaurant business and the real estate market. The goal of the company was to obtain ownership of all restaurant buildings and the land on which they stood. And it was very difficult!

Acquisition of land and buildings

The history of McDonald's would not have been so radiant if not for Harry Sonneborn. He made a huge contribution to the development of the network. By finding an experienced accountant, Harry creates on paper the appearance of a very successful company. This was necessary in order for the banks to agree to give a good loan. By telling creditors that the firm's main business was not fast food, but the sale of real estate, Kroc was able to take out a $2.7 million loan in 1961. Finally, the brothers received their compensation and retired completely. The history of McDonald's has moved on without its founders.

hamburger university

In the 70s, the fast food chain became extremely popular. Croc's income is growing day by day. The famous edition of Forbes published a note stating that his fortune is equal to 340 million dollars. But the former salesman did not even think of stopping! Despite enough, he does not stop working and improving.

In 1961, he opens a laboratory called "Hamburger University". There was a study of all the parameters of cooking potatoes, buns and cutlets. The "University" is still working, however, top managers of the company are trained in it. In the 60s, a famous clown named Ronald came to replace Speedy. The history of McDonald's currently means nothing without this character loved by all children in many countries of the world. Toddlers go to the restaurant on weekends, wanting to see this fun guy!

Ray Kroc died in 1984. Today, a huge corporation is run by James Skinner (the fourth person to cope with such a complex task).

Fast food restaurant in Russia

For a very long time, the people of our country could not taste the same cheeseburgers as the Americans. The owners of the network explained the refusal to sell the franchise by instability Russian economy and politics. The history of McDonald's in Russia began with long negotiations in 1976. This happened during the Olympic Games in Montreal. The Soviet Union eventually signs an agreement with a large chain of fast food restaurants. In 1990, the first McDonald's in Russia was opened, located on the success of the institution was amazing - on the first day of work, a queue of 30 thousand people lined up in front of the doors! This has never happened in the history of the network. Now many of these restaurants are scattered across the territory of our country, and the management plans to open many more establishments.

The history of McDonald's was briefly reviewed by us in this article, and now you can devote time to interesting and unusual facts about this corporation:


Raymond Kroc fulfilled his dream of becoming a millionaire, initially with only $950 in cash. To achieve the ultimate goal, he needed: a passion for victory, a sharp mind and insight, as well as a little providence. He became a great example for many people going towards their goal. The corporation's products are now loved and chosen by millions of people around the world, because it meets all quality standards! And the taste of the Big Mac hasn't changed since it was first made.

Today, McDonald's is the world's most popular representative of the fast food industry. This is the place for family holidays and romantic dates, meetings with friends and just quick snacks at lunchtime. At the same time, the presence of McDonald's eateries in our lives has become so familiar, and the system of their work and service is so flexible and streamlined that it is difficult for us to imagine that it was not always like this.

Meanwhile, the founder of McDonald's, whose biography abounds not only successful ideas and realized desires, but also a series of failures and crises, at one time made an incredible amount of effort to keep this system safely afloat. Of course, it's not just about Ray Kroc, who managed to adopt and improve the fast service system in the McDonald's restaurant chain. We are talking about those huge teams of workers who worked in this system. And of course, about the brothers Dick and Maurice McDonald, whose name and technologies Ray Kroc borrowed in his business.

Founder of McDonald's

The biography of Ray Kroc (1902-1984), an American businessman, the discoverer of fast food restaurants, is proof that you should always believe in success at any age, despite various vicissitudes of fate. The beginning of work on the organization of the McDonald's network fell on Ray's solid years. By that time, he already had several serious physical illnesses (diabetes was one of them). However, this did not stop the entrepreneur in his career. Activity, creativity and discipline are the main components of Ray Kroc's success.

Carier start

Ray Kroc was born on October 5, 1902 in Illinois (Chicago). He was the eldest of three children. The difficult financial situation in the family did not give the boy the opportunity to receive a good education(Ray finished only ten classes). However, young Kroc believed that hard work would eventually lead him to success. He tried to start his first business at the age of 15, selling musical instruments and notes with his friends.

After returning from the front (the period of the First World War), Krok got married and began working as a seller of paper cups. During this period, his entrepreneurial spirit and creative approach to business begin to appear. So, the future founder of McDonald's comes up with the idea of ​​organizing the delivery of water to the house. However, his idea is not supported. Then Croc arranges the first trial delivery of water for free. This marketing ploy not only worked, but was a huge success. Krok's next invention is the multimixer, a device that allows whisking five cocktails at the same time (1937). Ray even runs his own multifunctional mixer business. However, it took two years before the product began to gradually conquer the market.

Getting to know McDonald's

In 1954, Kroc met the McDonald brothers, Dick and Maurice, who owned a small restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Eight of Ray's multi-mixers were used in this establishment. But this is not what attracted the attention of the businessman. A feature of the restaurant was the system of high-speed customer service: serving fried potatoes, hamburgers, milkshakes, etc. For example, 40 milkshakes were prepared at the same time. High-speed service was built at the expense of an in-line production line for order servicing. In addition, all dishes were inexpensive, and therefore accessible to the general population. The restaurant itself was clean and tidy, all employees wore uniforms, which also made a positive impression.

What he saw surprised Kroc so much that he offered the MacDonald brothers cooperation. Dick and Maurice refused to expand production. But they agreed to an agreement according to which Croc gets the right to replicate the McDonald business using their name, and they receive 0.5% of the proceeds.

The rebirth of McDonald's

In the process of implementing a new type of eateries, Ray improves the system of high-speed service. Now each employee had to perform exactly one operation. Since the menu included a rather limited number of dishes, such a move was fully justified. In addition, strict discipline was required from all employees. The founder of McDonald's liked to repeat the phrase that later became famous: "A man in himself is nothing. The main thing is organization.

Accurate calculation was also used by Croc in cooking. So, for example, a hamburger patty was made strictly according to specifications: weight - 1.6 ounces (about 45 g), diameter - 3.875 inches (about 10 cm), fat content - no more than 19%, etc. All burgers had the same size and high quality. In order to maintain accuracy production process Kroc even creates a special laboratory. And in 1961, the founder of McDonald's conducts classes on a special training program (the so-called Hamburger University). Licensees and vendors were introduced to new scientific methods for successful fast food restaurant management.

Ray introduces army-style white uniforms for his employees. The discipline in the organization also resembled that of the army. By the way, this was the main reason why Krok did not hire women for the first time, fearing amorous deeds that could violate the strict military order. Subsequently, the girls were still allowed to work, but they preferred to take less attractive ones.

In 1961, the McDonald brothers agree to completely transfer ownership of their brand to Krok, giving him freedom of control. It should be noted that the letter "M" (the famous McDonald's logo) was valued at $2.7 million.

The first Big Mac

The high performance of Kroc's restaurants, which could hardly have been different from the first McDonald's, nevertheless had its drawbacks. For fear of slowing down the pace of the distribution line, Ray was forced to refuse to include new dishes on his menu. Gradually, visitors began to complain about the monotony of the diet - they were tired of eating the same foods every day. All attempts to improve the quality of existing dishes have led to nothing. And this despite the fact that more than 3 million dollars were spent on the secret of the special roasting of potatoes alone!

History of creation

Over the decades, Scrooge McDuck has gone from a supporting character in the Disney universe to the titular character in the Disney universe of the same name. The comic book series " Uncle Scrooge" (eng. "Uncle Scrooge"), which are still being published. With the rise in popularity, the character began to appear on television, in films and video games. Scrooge, along with some other characters in the city of Duckburg (Eng. Duckburg) began to gain popularity around the world. His comics have been translated into many languages.

Uncle Scrooge's name is based on the miserly Ebenezer Scrooge, a character in Charles Dickens' novel " Christmas song". There is also an opinion that the Scottish industrialist Andrew Carnegie, who immigrated to the United States at the age of 13, could serve as a prototype for Scrooge McDuck.

Character

Wealth

Scrooge McDuck bathes in money

Scrooge went from humble immigrant to the richest drake. As a child, he polished very dirty boots and was disappointed when he paid only 10 cents for it. However, Scrooge keeps his first 10 cent coin as a talisman and believes that it brings him wealth and good luck.

Scrooge keeps part of his wealth in his own vault on the outskirts of the city of Duckburg. Scrooge's vault is equipped with a special protection system against the Gavs brothers - well-known swindlers and criminals. Also in the storage building is Scrooge's office, from where he manages his business.

The amount of Scrooge's wealth is highly debatable. According to Carl Barks, McDuck's fortune is one multipligillion nine obsquatumtillion six hundred twenty-three dollars sixty-two cents. At the same time, the creator of the comic Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck artist Don Rosa notes that Uncle Scrooge's wealth is five multipligillion nine impossibidillion seven fantastictrillion dollars and sixteen cents. In 2007, Forbes magazine estimated Scrooge's net worth at $28.8 billion. Regardless of the amount, Scrooge always believed that he did not have enough money and continued to look for a variety of ways to replenish his wealth.

Education

Officially, Scrooge is not educated, as he left school at an early age. However, he has a good mind and is always ready to learn something new.

Thanks to his hobby - treasure hunting - Scrooge often plays the role of a research scientist and amateur archaeologist. Starting with Carl Barks, some writers began to explain how Scrooge learns about the treasure, which he then goes in search of. They attribute this to periods of research into written sources. Often Scrooge tries to find grains of truth in ancient traditions and legends, looking for information about the activities of ancient conquerors, rulers and explorers.

As a result of his research, Scrooge collected an extensive personal library, which includes many rare books, manuscripts and diaries. It also contains an almost complete collection of ship logs of the Spanish and Dutch fleets for the 16th-17th centuries, which allows Scrooge to find sunken treasure ships.

Scrooge also knows how to speak several languages, which he learned on his business trips around the world.

Morality and behavior

As a businessman and treasure hunter, Scrooge is distinguished by the ability to set himself and others tasks, as well as the ability to face new challenges. Scrooge's main motto "Work smarter, but not harder".

As a businessman, Uncle Scrooge often resorts to aggressive tactics and lies. He has considerable experience in manipulating people, facts and events to his advantage. It is also worth noting the cynicism of Scrooge, especially when the question is about business or achieving a goal.

Nevertheless, Scrooge has a certain, his own concept of honor and dignity. In achieving his goals, he tries to remain within the framework of the law and honesty, does not resort to violence unnecessarily. It is these qualities that distinguish him from the main competitor of Flinthart Glomgold, who acts tough and without regard to the law, honesty and mutual respect.

Scrooge loves his nephews and his family and values ​​them more than his wealth. In some episodes of the DuckTales animated series, he loses all his money for the sake of family and friends, but in the end the wealth always returns to him.

Comics

In the comics from the Mickey Mouse magazine, Scrooge is presented as mean and honest as in the series " DuckTales". He constantly evaluates Donald as stupid, because he is stupid in various matters. However, in spite of everything, Scrooge still takes care of his family and tries to help in everything.

Cartoons and television

Screensaver of the animated series "DuckTales"

Scrooge McDuck first appeared in the animated film " Scrooge McDuck and Money”, released in the year. In this cartoon Uncle Scrooge teaches his nephews some financial tricks.

The next appearance of Scrooge in animation occurs only in 1983 in the cartoon " Mickey Mouse Christmas Song" (eng. Mickey's Christmas Carol) is an animated version of Charles Dickens' novel " Christmas song". There he played the role of Ebenezer Scrooge.

But most of all in the world Scrooge McDuck is known as one of the main characters of the animated series " DuckTales", in which he acts as a guardian over the ducklings Billy, Willy and Dilly (eng. "Huey, Dewey and Louie"). The animated series is based on the comics by Carl Barks and follows the adventures of Scrooge McDuck and his family and friends.

video games

With the advent of PCs and game consoles, Scrooge McDuck also began to periodically appear in video games. He appears as a minor non-playable character in Kingdom Hearts II, a joint game between Square Enix and Disney. Also present as the main character in games based on the animated series Duck Tales (Duck Tales, Duck Tales 2 and DuckTales: The Quest for Gold).

Notes

Links

  • Virtual tour of Scrooge McDuck's house (Russian)
  • Who's who in Duckburg (English)

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "McDuck" is in other dictionaries:

    mcduck- McDonald's fast food restaurant. I'm going to the McDuck to piss. Youth slang … Dictionary of modern vocabulary, jargon and slang

    Scrooge McDuck Information ... Wikipedia

    English Scrooge McDuck and Money ... Wikipedia

    - ... Wikipedia

    Ducksburg (or Duckburg, English Duckburg) is a fictional city in the United States in the fictional American state of Calisota on the Pacific coast. Made by Carl Barks. Contents 1 History 1.1 Founding ... Wikipedia

    This article is proposed for deletion. An explanation of the reasons and a corresponding discussion can be found on the Wikipedia page: To be deleted / November 8, 2012. While the discussion process ... Wikipedia

    Genre family, adventure Director Bob Hatchcock James T. Walker Alan Zaslov Terrence Harrison Steve Clark David Block Jamie Mitchell Rick Leon Producer Alan Zaslov ... Wikipedia

    DuckTales Publisher: Egmont ... Wikipedia

    - "DuckTales" DuckTales (English) Abbreviations DT Genres ... Wikipedia

    Valery Kukhareshin Name at birth: Valery Aleksandrovich Kukhareshin Date of birth: December 7, 1957 (1957 12 07) (55 years old) Place of birth: Leningrad ... Wikipedia

Books

  • Uncle Scrooge and Donald Duck. The last of the McDuck Clan, Rosa Don, The Beginning of Something Great! Uncle Scrooge McDuck is the richest drake in the world! He loves his money, because he knows exactly where he earned each of the coins that he so carefully ... Category:

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The company "MAK-DAK" is engaged in the trade of cosmetics and perfumery. The company's "portfolio" includes dozens of contracts with the world's most famous manufacturers. Currently, 10 branches and 5 representative offices of the Company operate in the regions of Russia. The mission of the company is to be the leading supplier of a wide range of quality products and best service to meet the needs of people in beauty, youth, cleanliness and comfort.

Contact Information

Company management

CEO: Dmitry Kamensky

history of the company

Date of "birth" of the company - October 1991. Almost from the very beginning of its work, the company began to trade in cosmetics and perfumes. The first supplier of the company was the domestic factory "Freedom". The first contract with a foreign supplier is a contract with Gillette. The following years showed that the company made its choice then extremely successfully. Today, the "portfolio" of the company includes dozens of contracts with the world's most famous manufacturers. The first warehouse is a rented sports hall converted into a warehouse on Volgogradsky Prospekt. Today, Trade House "MAK-DAK" has at its disposal modern warehouses and small wholesale centers in many cities of Russia. The first store of its own network retail stores"Kapriz-M" was opened in 1997. In subsequent years, the number of stores in Moscow and the regions increased to 80. In 2004, it was decided to create a network of retail stores of a new format "Ol! Good", the first of which was opened in October 2004 The new network is developing rapidly, and by 2007 it is planned to open 400 All Good stores in the Russian Federation. The first branch of the company was opened in Yekaterinburg on August 23, 1998. The company began its participation in exhibitions from a small stand at international exhibition perfumery and cosmetics "InterCharm" in 1996. Already in the next year, 1997, the pavilion "MAK-DAK" occupied one of the central places at the exhibition. In the future, the Company's participation in this central event for beauty industry specialists became a regular event. The company logo appeared in 1997. The red chamomile is a symbol rising sun, and rays-petals, rounded clockwise, symbolize dynamism and constant movement, the desire for leadership. The smooth lines in the image highlight the flexibility with which the Company responds to market changes. The number of petals is six, according to the number of distribution channels, as well as in accordance with the six core values ​​​​of the company, spelled out in its philosophy.

Company details

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