Building clay: GOST requirements. Building clay: requirements of GOST 3226 93 refractory molding clay

30.11.2019

GOST 3226-93

Group A51

INTERSTATE STANDARD

MOLDING CLAYS REFRACTORY

General specifications

Mouldind refractory clays.
General specifications

Introduction date 1995-01-01

Foreword

1 DESIGNED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

INTRODUCED by the Technical Secretariat of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification on October 21, 1993

Voted to accept:


State name	Name of the national standardization body
Republic of Armenia	Armstate standard
Republic of Belarus	Belstandard
The Republic of Kazakhstan	Kazglavstandard
The Republic of Moldova	Moldovastandard
Russian Federation	Gosstandart of Russia
Turkmenistan	Turkmengosstandart
The Republic of Uzbekistan	Uzgosstandart
Ukraine	State Standard of Ukraine

3. REPLACE GOST 3226-77 regarding molding clays

1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

This standard applies to lumpy and powdered refractory clays of kaolinite and kaolinite hydromicaceous composition (hereinafter referred to as clays) used in foundry as mineral binders in the compositions of molding and core sands.

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

This standard uses references to the following standards

GOST 2226-88 Paper bags. Specifications

GOST 14192-77 Marking of goods

GOST 15846-79 Products shipped to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas. Packaging, marking, transportation and storage

GOST 22235-76 Freight cars of 1520 mm gauge mainline railways. General requirements for ensuring safety in the production of loading and unloading and shunting operations

GOST 3594.0-93 Refractory molding clays. General requirements for test methods

GOST 3594.2-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining the concentration of calcium and magnesium cations

GOST 3594.3-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining the concentration of sodium and potassium cations

GOST 3594.7-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining wet compressive strength

GOST 3594.6-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determination of dry compressive strength

GOST 3594.12-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining the granulometric composition of powdered clays

GOST 3594.10-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining colloidality

GOST 3594.11-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining the moisture content of powdered clays

GOST 3594.13-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determination of aluminum oxide

GOST 3594.14-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determination of iron oxide (III)

GOST 3594.15-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining the loss of mass on ignition

3 DEFINITIONS

3.1 The following terms apply in this standard.

Lump refractory clays are natural refractory clays of kaolinite and kaolinite hydromica composition, supplied with quarry moisture.

Powdered refractory molding clays are a product of processing natural refractory clays by drying and fine grinding.

Clay component - particles of clay materials and fragments of grains of quartz and other minerals less than 0.02 mm in size.

4 CLASSIFICATION

4.1 Classification of clays depending on chemical and physical parameters is given in table 1.

Table 1


Classification sign
	high	average	low
1 Mass fraction of AlO, %
2 Mass fraction of iron in terms of FeO			No more than 1.5
3 Weight loss on ignition, %			No more than 10.0
4 Colloidality, %
5 Concentration of exchangeable cations, mg eq/100 g of dry clay

5 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

5.1 Characteristics

5.1.1 Molding refractory clays shall comply with the requirements of this standard and specifications for clays of specific deposits.

5.1.2 In terms of physical and mechanical properties, clays must meet the requirements specified in Table 2.

table 2


	Ultimate compressive strength, Pa (kgf/cm), not less than
	wet	dry
	4.903 10 (0.5)	34,323 (3,5)
	4.903 10 (0.5)	24,516 (2,5)
	4.903 10 (0.5)	14,710 (1,5)
	3.432 10 (0.35)	34,323 (3,5)
	3.432 10 (0.35)	24,516 (2,5)
	3.432 10 (0.35)	14,710 (1,5)
	1.961 10 (0.2)	34,323 (3,5)
	1.961 10 (0.2)	24,516 (2,5)
	1.961 10 (0.2)	14,710 (1,5)
Note - Designation of brands: P - strong, C - medium strength, M - low strength; 1 - high binding, 2 - medium binding, 3 - low binding.

An example of a brand designation: P3 - refractory molding clay is strong in terms of compressive strength in the wet state and low-binding in terms of compressive strength in the dry state.

5.1.3 In terms of chemical and physical properties, clays must comply with the requirements specified in Table 3.

Table 3


Name of indicator
Mass fraction of AlO, %, not less than
Mass fraction of iron in terms of FeО, %, no more
Mass loss during ignition, %, no more
Colloidality, %, not less
Concentration of exchange cations, mg eq/100 g of dry clay, not less than

5.1.4 The mass fraction of the clay component for lump clays must be at least 65%.

5.1.5 In terms of particle size distribution and mass fraction of moisture, powdered clays must meet the requirements specified in table 4.

Table 4


Name of indicator
Residue, %, no more, on sieves with mesh size, mm:


Moisture content, %

5.1.6 The clay symbol includes the grade and designation of this standard, for example C3 GOST 3226-93.

5.2 Marking

5.2.1 Transport marking - according to GOST 14192 with the following additional data:

- grades of clay and the name of the deposit;

- date of manufacture;

- batch number;

- designations of the state standard.

5.3 Packaging

5.3.1 Powdered clays are packed in five-, six-layer paper bags of BM or PM grades according to GOST 2226 (valve or with a machine-sewn neck) or rubber-cord containers according to normative and technical documentation.

5.3.2. Net weight of clay in a bag should not exceed 50 kg.

5.3.3 Clay shipped to the regions of the Far North and equated to them is packaged in accordance with the requirements of GOST 15846.

6 ACCEPTANCE

6.1 Molding refractory clay is accepted in batches.

A batch is considered the amount of clay of one symbol (powdered - no more than 500 tons, lumpy - no more than 240 tons), drawn up by a quality document containing:

name of the manufacturer or its trademark;

name and symbol of the product;

number and date of issue of the document;

batch net weight;

lot number;

shipment date;

test results.

6.2 To verify compliance with the requirements of this standard, acceptance tests are carried out for each batch of lump clays according to the indicators of table 2, and powdered clays - according to the indicators of tables 2 and 4.

6.3 Clay tests according to the indicators of tables 2, 3 and the mass fraction of the clay component are carried out periodically, but at least once a month.

6.4 To verify compliance with the requirements of this standard, acceptance tests are carried out for each batch of lumpy and powdered clays by mass fraction of AlO, mass fraction of iron, and by weight loss on ignition according to table 3.

6.5 To check the compliance of the quality of a batch of powdered clay with the requirements of this standard, every 400th bag, but not less than 5 bags from the batch, is selected by random selection.

One point sample is taken from each cement truck or container.

The mass of the combined sample must be at least 2 kg.

6.6 To check the conformity of the quality of lump clays, a combined sample weighing at least 4 kg is taken.

6.7 If unsatisfactory test results are obtained for at least one of the indicators, repeated tests are carried out for this indicator on a combined sample of double the mass taken from the same batch. 7.8 Determination of weight loss on ignition - according to
Packed clay is transported by rail in accordance with specifications loading and securing cargo, approved by the Ministry of Railways and GOST 22235.

8.2 Powdered clays packed in bags are transported in covered vehicles or on pallets covered with shrink film.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to transport powdered clay in cement hoppers and cement tankers.

8.3. Lump clays are transported in bulk in covered vehicles.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to transport lumpy clay in open vehicles.

8.4 Clay should be stored in covered warehouses or bins protected from moisture separately by brand.

The text of the document is verified by:
official publication
M.: Publishing house of standards, 1994

INTERSTATE STANDARD

MOLDING CLAYS REFRACTORY

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

Foreword

1 DESIGNED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

INTRODUCED by the Technical Secretariat of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Minutes No. 4 of October 21, 1993)

3 INSTEAD OF GOST 3226-77 regarding molding clays

4 REVISION. September 2001

INTERSTATE STANDARD

MOLDING CLAYS REFRACTORY

General specifications

Mouldind refractory clays. General specifications

1 Purpose and scope

This standard applies to lumpy and powdered refractory clays of kaolinite and kaolinite hydromicaceous composition (hereinafter referred to as clays) used in foundry production as mineral binders in the compositions of molding and core sands.

GOST 2226-88 (ISO 6590-1-83, ISO 7023-83) Paper bags. Specifications

5.2 Marking

5.2.1 Transport marking - according to GOST 14192 with the following additional data:

Clay grades and deposit names;

Manufacturing dates;

Batch numbers;

Designations of the state standard.

5.3 Packaging

5.3.2 Net weight of clay in a bag should not exceed 50 kg.

5.3.3 Clay shipped to the regions of the Far North and equated to them is packed in accordance with the requirements of GOST 15846.

6 Acceptance

6.1 Molding refractory clay is accepted in batches.

A batch is considered the amount of clay of one symbol (powdered - no more than 500 tons, lumpy - no more than 240 tons), drawn up by a quality document containing:

name of the manufacturer or its trademark;

name and symbol of the product;

number and date of issue of the document;

batch net weight;

lot number;

shipment date;

test results.

6.3 Clay tests according to the indicators of tables 2, 3 and the mass fraction of the clay component are carried out periodically, but at least once a month.

6.4 To verify compliance with the requirements of this standard, acceptance tests are carried out for each batch of lumpy and powdered clays by mass fraction of Al2O3, mass fraction of iron and weight loss on ignition according to table 3.

6.5 To check the conformity of the quality of a batch of powdered clay to the requirements of this standard, every 400th bag, but not less than five bags from the batch, is selected by random selection.

One point sample is taken from each cement truck or container.

The mass of the combined sample must be at least 2 kg.

6.6 To check the conformity of the quality of lump clays, a combined sample weighing at least 4 kg is taken.

The results of repeated tests are extended to the entire batch.

7 Test methods

7.1 General requirements to test methods, sampling and preparation of samples for testing - in accordance with GOST 3594.0.

7.2 Determination of wet compressive strength - according to GOST 3594.7

7.3 Determination of compressive strength in a dry state - according to GOST 3594.6

7.4 Determination of the particle size distribution of powdered clays - according to GOST 3594.12

7.5 Determination of the mass fraction of moisture in powdered clays - according to GOST 3594.11

7.6 Determination of the mass fraction of aluminum oxide - according to GOST 3594.13

7.7 Determination of the mass fraction of iron oxide (III) - according to GOST 3594.14

7.8 Determination of mass loss on ignition - according to GOST 3594.15

7.9 Determination of colloidality - according to GOST 3594.10

7.10 Determination of the concentration of exchangeable calcium and magnesium cations - according to GOST 3594.2

7.11 Determination of the concentration of exchange cations of sodium and potassium - according to GOST 3594.3

8 Transport and storage

8.1 Clay is transported by all means of transport in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.

Packed clay is transported by rail in accordance with the technical conditions for loading and securing cargo, approved by the Ministry of Railways and GOST 22235.

8.2 Powdered clays packed in bags are transported in covered vehicles or on pallets covered with shrink film.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to transport powdered clay in cement hoppers and cement tankers.

8.3 Ball clays are transported in bulk in covered vehicles. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to transport lumpy clay in open vehicles.

8.4 Clay should be stored in covered warehouses or bins protected from moisture separately by brand.

Clay has been used from time immemorial for the construction of dwellings and outbuildings. Even today, in some regions of Russia, craftsmen independently extract clay and make raw bricks from it. They knead a clay-based mortar for bonding wall material, and also use it for plastering.

Masters rely on their experience and traditions. However, nothing stands still. Today developed laboratory methods determining the composition and quality of clay raw materials. Moreover, there are GOSTs for building clay.

Types of GOSTs for building clay

GOST 9169-75 allows classifying clay raw materials for the ceramic industry, including for the production of bricks. He prescribes to use for the manufacture of:

tiles and face bricks - uniformly colored clays of medium or moderate plasticity;
ordinary clay brick - fusible clay;
effective - medium and moderately plastic low-melting clays;
chemically resistant - refractory or refractory clays with a low level of coloring oxides, water-soluble salts and free silica. According to the mineralogical composition, these can be kaolinite, hydromicaceous, polymineral clays, or combinations thereof.

A number of additional documents have been developed to determine individual indicators of clay raw materials. For example, GOST 4069-69 was created to determine the degree of refractoriness, GOST 21216.10-93 - mineral composition, etc. Their complete list is given mainly by GOST 9169-75.

In addition, on July 1, 2013, GOST 530-2012 was introduced, which directly concerns the technical properties of bricks and ceramic stone.

PJSC Novoorskaya Keramira produces high-quality products that meet the requirements of GOSTs. Detailed characteristics of raw materials are given in the table on our website. We select several grades of clay so that you can choose best option for your production. Each batch is accompanied by a complete set of technical documentation.

INTERSTATE COUNCIL
ON STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION
Minsk

Foreword

1 DESIGNED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

INTRODUCED by the Technical Secretariat of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Minutes No. 4 of October 21, 1993)

3 INSTEAD OF GOST 3226-77 regarding molding clays

4 REVISION. September 2001

GOST 3226-93

INTERSTATE STANDARD

MOLDING CLAYS REFRACTORY

General specifications

Introduction date 1995-01-01

1 Purpose and scope

2 Normative references

GOST 2226-88 (ISO 6590-1-83, ISO 7023-83) Paper bags. Specifications

GOST 14192-96 Marking of goods

GOST 3594.7-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining wet compressive strength

GOST 3594.10-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining colloidality

GOST 3594.11-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining the moisture content of powdered clays

GOST 3594.12-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determining the granulometric composition of powdered clays

GOST 3594.13-93 Refractory molding clays. Method for determination of aluminum oxide

powdered refractory molding clays: A product of processing natural refractory clays by drying and fine grinding.

clay component: Particles of clay materials and fragments of grains of quartz and other minerals less than 0.02 mm in size.

4 Classification

4.1 Classification of clays depending on chemical and physical parameters is given in table 1.

Table 1

5 General technical requirements

5.1 Characteristics

5.1.1 Molding refractory clays shall comply with the requirements of this standard and specifications for clays of specific deposits.

5.1.2 In terms of physical and mechanical properties, clays must meet the requirements specified in Table 2.

table 2

	Compressive strength, Pa (kgf / cm 2), not less than
	wet	dry
	4,903 . 10 4 (0,5)
	4,903 . 10 4 (0,5)
	4,903 . 10 4 (0,5)
	3,432 . 10 4 (0,35)
	3,432 . 10 4 (0,35)
	3,432 . 10 4 (0,35)
	1,961 . 10 4 (0,2)
	1,961 . 10 4 (0,2)
	1,961 . 10 4 (0,2)
Note - Designation of brands: P - strong, C - medium strength, M - low strength; 1 - high binding, 2 - medium binding, 3 - low binding.

An example of a brand designation: P3 - refractory molding clay is strong in terms of compressive strength in the wet state and low-binding in terms of compressive strength in the dry state.

5.1.3 In terms of chemical and physical properties, clays must comply with the requirements specified in Table 3.

Table 3

5.1.4 The mass fraction of the clay component for lump clays must be at least 65%.

5.1.5 In terms of particle size distribution and mass fraction of moisture, powdered clays must meet the requirements specified in table 4.

Table 4

5.1.6 The symbol for clay includes the grade and designation of this standard, for example C3 GOST 3226-93.

5.2 Marking

5.2.1 Transport marking - according to GOST 14192 with the following additional data:

Clay grades and deposit names;

Manufacturing dates;

Batch numbers;

Designations of the state standard.

5.3 Packaging

5.3.2 Net weight of clay in a bag should not exceed 50 kg.

5.3.3 Clay shipped to the regions of the Far North and equated to them is packed in accordance with the requirements of GOST 15846.

6 Acceptance

6.1 Molding refractory clay is accepted in batches.

A batch is considered the amount of clay of one symbol (powdered - no more than 500 tons, lumpy - no more than 240 tons), drawn up by a quality document containing:

name of the manufacturer or its trademark;

name and symbol of the product;

number and date of issue of the document;

batch net weight;

lot number;

shipment date;

test results.

6.3 Clay tests according to the indicators of tables 2, 3 and the mass fraction of the clay component are carried out periodically, but at least once a month.

6.4 To verify compliance with the requirements of this standard, acceptance tests are carried out for each batch of lumpy and powdered clays by mass fraction of Al 2 O 3, mass fraction of iron and weight loss on ignition according to table 3.

One point sample is taken from each cement truck or container.

The mass of the combined sample must be at least 2 kg.

6.6 To check the conformity of the quality of lump clays, a combined sample weighing at least 4 kg is taken.

The results of repeated tests are extended to the entire batch.

7 Test methods

7.1 General requirements for test methods, sampling and preparation of samples for testing - according to GOST 3594.0.