Dedicated to the Day of Oil, Fuel and Gas Industry Workers. When is the day of oilmen celebrated in Russia When is the day of the oilman in a year

A year before the introduction of the professional holiday of oil and gas workers in the USSR, the 100th anniversary of the formation of the domestic oil and gas industry was widely celebrated. In the autumn of 1864, in the west of the Kuban region near Anapa, for the first time in Russia, mechanical percussion rod drilling of oil wells using a steam engine was used. In 1865, drilling work there ceased, as oil exploration began on the Kudako River.

On February 15 (February 3, old style), 1866, the first oil gusher in Russia gushed from a mechanically drilled well in the valley of the Kudako River.

The news of the first oil gusher in Russia attracted the attention of various circles of Russian society to the oil business.

Siberian industrialist Mikhail Sidorov in August 1868 began drilling the first oil well in the Russian North on the banks of the Ukhta River in the Pechersk Territory. In the same period, the first exploration work for oil with the use of machine drilling also began in the Ural-Volga region.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia ranked first in the world in oil production.

In the 1920s, the technical reconstruction of the oil industry was carried out in the USSR. Thus, the rotary (rotary) method of drilling gradually supplanted impact drilling. Downhole pumps began to be used in oil production; since 1924 - gas lift.

The industrial development of the oil and gas region between the Volga and the Urals began. Underground reservoirs with large reserves of natural gas have been discovered in the Middle Volga region. During the Great Patriotic War, it was decided to build a gas pipeline as soon as possible to provide defense enterprises with fuel. In 1943, the Buguruslan-Kuibyshev gas pipeline with a length of 180 kilometers was put into operation. In 1946, the first long-distance main gas pipeline Saratov-Moscow in the USSR, 843 kilometers long, supplied gas from the Elshanskoye field to enterprises and homes of Muscovites.

In the 1950s, reservoir pressure maintenance systems were common in the oil industry of the CCCP, which made it possible to increase oil production. The entire industry was re-equipped: new well drilling rigs, cone bits, turbodrills, submersible centrifugal electric pumps, etc. were created and introduced.

The turning point in the development of the CCCP oil industry was the discovery and development of fields in Western Siberia. In 1964, their commercial operation began, and in less than ten years, oil production with gas condensate was increased to 200 million tons.

Subsequently, the oil industry carried out automation of field technological installations, and industrial methods for the construction of technological installations were widely disseminated.

The development of oil fields is associated with the development of oil pipeline transport. Oil is transported through a network of main oil pipelines that connect all major oil regions with the country's oil refineries and other countries.

Today, the oil and gas industry is the backbone of the Russian economy and accounts for almost a quarter of the gross domestic product and two thirds of the federal budget's export revenues, as well as creating demand for high-tech equipment.

Russia is one of the world's largest oil and gas companies.

In 2015, oil and gas condensate production amounted to 534.1 million tons, and gas - 635.5 billion cubic meters.

The industry is doing a lot of work for the future. Geological exploration is expanding and new oil and gas fields are being discovered, including on the Arctic shelf. The largest energy concerns are introducing modern technologies for the extraction and processing of raw materials, storage and transportation of finished products at their enterprises.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Work in the oil and gas industry has always been prestigious in Ukraine.

It is known that developments in the field of oil have been carried out in Ukraine since the 18th century, and by the beginning of the 20th century, the total mass of oil in the Carpathian region alone reached 2 million tons.

The main gas field, from where this direction went, is located near the town of Dashavskoye. In the same place, in 1924, the first gas pipeline leading from Dashavsky to Stryi was built.

The country's oil and gas industry received the greatest development after the discovery of deposits in the regions of the Dnieper-Donetsk depression and in the regions of the Carpathian and Black Sea-Crimean regions.

Immediately after the war, the Ukrainian SSR, which was part of the Soviet Union, began to supply oil to Poland. To date, the country's pipeline system has a total length of over 37,000 km.

Despite the available oil and gas reserves, Ukraine lacks its own natural resources. It provides itself with only 15% of oil, and no more than 25% of gas.

In total, gasification of Ukraine has spread to 480 cities, almost a thousand towns and about 26 thousand small villages. More than one hundred thousand industrial consumers are supplied with gas, as well as almost 15 million apartments and houses.

There are five gas processing plants on the territory of Ukraine. In total, more than 1% of the able-bodied population works in the gas industry.

When is the Day of Oil and Gas Industry Workers celebrated in 2019? (date of)

In 2019, the day of oil and gas workers in Ukraine falls on September 8, and according to the Decree of the President of Ukraine of 1993, the holiday of oil and gas industry workers should be celebrated every second Sunday of September.

Oil, gas, fuel -
industry is the most important in the country,
Workers today in these industries
I congratulate you on the holiday triple.

You produce both gas, and oil, and coal,
And all the energy rests on you,
You accept congratulations today,
We wish happiness to each of you.

May all resources be obtained,
And tasks, workers, are only closed,
Happy holiday - great and brave,
Gas workers, skilled oilmen.

Let luck not resist
And the salary only gets higher
Let the boss appreciate, respect,
And the size of the premium - does not offend.

We wish you a great day
Conquer a new country step,
Go to the azure seashore
And taste the kebab there soon!

Oilmen - our heartfelt greetings,
Accept congratulations today
Let the whole white world rejoice,
Raise your flags higher!

Let oil always flow like a river,
And the gas goes, enriching the country,
To thunder your glory for centuries,
And all desires, immediately fulfilling!

Happy Oilman's Day, we congratulate you with the soul,
We will not tire of thanking you sincerely,
Let happiness be together, one path,
Will go with you, bring you joy,
And let health become stronger, stronger,
After all, your work is very necessary for us,
May good luck arrive in time for you,
And may all your dreams come true now!

Oil and gas is your path
Can't be underestimated
The importance of your work
The whole country is proud of you.

Congratulations on this day
Let everyone remember him.
Let your work be respected
And they raise wages.

There will be oil and gas in the bowels -
There will be cash.
And like fuel in a pipe
Let there be happiness in fate.

Friends with the bowels of the earth
And I know where their soul is
In the season of frost, blizzard and cold
Warmed so many of our souls

That the whole country is grateful
For heating hot heat,
For heat batteries and pipes,
For difficult and important work.

Let everything continue to work
To keep consumers warm.
We want reasonable prices
And only bright changes.

Let the oil flow like chocolate
Let the wages rise
Let health not let you down
And happiness at home is truly waiting.

Glorious city flourishes
Life goes on, rages, boils!
It's time for us to say "thank you"
To those who will not spare their strength
For comfort and progress,
For science - for all of us -
Knowing how always helpful
Oil and fuel and gas.

We sincerely wish you
Live without burdensome worries.
Let love keep you warm
Every hour and all year round.
Loaded with important work
May it never be.
Your work is valuable and honorable -
Be happy always!

What would we do without you?
Let's be honest, what?
Gas would not burn in the house,
The tank was empty in the car.

Would freeze in winter
In a home with no heat...
Your industry is simple
She gave us comfort.

And wish you now
peaceful labor,
Don't let the gas run out
Never in the bowels!

It's not hard for you to get oil and gas,
And it's easy for you to drill a well,
After all, you are brave, decisive, reliable,
You are masters of your complex work.

Thanks to your work
Always warm in our apartment,
And the flame is light blue
Warms the soul, like a native.

And this Sunday in September
I congratulate you with all my heart,
Let the profits take off
So that the gas pipeline is continuous!

What is life without oil and gas?
And without fuel, sorry, nowhere.
No matter how you press it, the car is an infection,
Does not run when water is poured.

That's why I congratulate you today
(Suddenly pour free gasoline?)
Let the Christmas tree burn for you
Fueled car lights!

Bearing in mind that on the first Sunday of September Russia celebrates the Day of Oil, Fuel and Gas Industry Workers, we wanted to find a serious, significant event for the entire industry in our new column "Accent". Of course, it turned out to be not easy to find - traditionally, the "big media" are silent. They do it so professionally that sometimes it just takes envy ... Even the Americans, led by Musk, showed how you can light (and the word "light" - without quotes) on the occasion of the approach of such a holiday, and we have silence.

Part 1.

The news found in the news sections of professional industry sites is more than just iconic, it can be simply epochal. But - it is "may", since the last word will be for the prospectors. Why can't you just take it and tell what exactly happened? Yes, because there is a suspicion that people who are not connected with the industry know little more about oil, its exploration and production than about the nuclear project. Are we used to reading about oil in the news? Yes, only about how prices jump and jump, sometimes throwing out such knees that the people of Kiev - and they only gasp enviously. We also know about billions of dollars and millions of barrels, fragmentarily about all kinds of pipes. Even particularly handshake gentlemen like to call Russia a "gas station country", about Arab sheikhs sitting on gold and platinum thrones, washed simply by the oceans of that oil. Well, and, of course, that extracting oil is the simplest and most common thing: you threw a pipe into the ground, and the oil flooded. So: to throw out the news is one thing, but to explain what it really means for the industry and for the whole of Russia is quite another.

Let's briefly "go over" oil - what it is, what they eat with and what stereotypes in their heads should be canceled once and for all. I propose to start with stereotypes. The most common of them, which journalists sin - "there are lakes and seas of oil underground, you just need to find them and immediately stick a pipe with a larger diameter."

Let's remember once and for all: there are no such oil lakes underground. The earth's crust is composed of rocks of different mineral composition and density. Rocks with a relatively low density, which have the ability to contain mobile substances (oil, water, etc.), are called reservoirs. These reservoir rocks, saturated with oil, form oil fields. Oilmen never deal with “lakes” of crude oil, they always have to figure out how to make this or that type of reservoir “give away” what it contains. To do this, the collector must also have such a property as porosity - to have pores, and pores that communicate with each other. It is quite logical that the main reservoirs of oil are sandstones, sands, dolomites, limestones.

Let's continue the reasoning, based on logic - our main tool in the search for truth in any natural science branch of knowledge. If the reservoir is a very thick layer, oil will have to be collected in the mode of a kind of “vacuum cleaner”, leading an imaginary “hose” along each crack. Comfortable? No. So, take out and put in oilmen not just a collector, but one that is limited from above and below by layers that are poorly permeable to oil - for example, layers of clay or gypsum. That's when everything is in order - there is a puff "pie", from which it is convenient to pick out the filling. But such oil-bearing layers differ from the jam pie of our childhood in the most important thing - the oil "pie" is always big and thick. Oil reservoirs are hidden underground at depths of a kilometer or more, which means that all this “kilometer or more” puts quite a lot of pressure on the reservoir layer, and the same solid “support” presses on the reservoir layer from below. This is the reason why oil literally escapes from the well: the collector is squeezed from both sides, and suddenly the drill gives a way out! And, again, it is logical that the reservoir layer cannot have an infinite area - sooner or later dense layers merge with each other. The oilmen call such a reservoir, squeezed from both sides and limited in area, without further ado, called a "trap".

Oil collector (diagram), Photo: gazprom-neft.ru

This is the same "trap". And the “gas bubble” at the very top is also not accidental in this diagram. After all, oil is formed not from the remains of dinosaurs (another stupid myth about oil), but from much smaller organisms - from phytoplankton, which, in the process of turning into oil, also releases gas. Gas is lighter than oil - so it squeezes it up, where it forms just such a "cap".

I hope that so far nothing complicated has appeared in the reasoning, so we continue - still relying on logic.

Before you start extracting oil, you need to find it, and in a decent amount. Yes, modern search methods have long since become strictly scientific - no dowsing. Aerial photography, seismic exploration - a lot is used. But let's fix the obvious: for the correct interpretation of all the data received, the most important tool in the world is required - the human head. Professional geologists who collect data, analyze them, draw conclusions - have been, are and will be a key factor in the successful discovery of new oil fields. Appreciate geologists, respect geologists, cherish them and cherish them, do not insult them by comparison with office plankton and other crackles, and - most importantly! Don't stop growing beards! Geologists are the salt of the Russian land, as well as its alkali, oil, gas and uranium. I beg you - make yourself a note-notch about this, okay?

The search for either oil or gas always has a probabilistic character - not because geologists eat their bread in vain, but because mother nature disposes of it this way. All theoretical research ends with a very exciting event: the drilling of test wells. Why gambling? Statistics show that one successful exploration well accounts for 5-10 empty wells. World statistics, not Russian. Do you remember, maybe, reports from the world's highest drilling rig "Troll" in the Norwegian part of the North Sea "walked" on the Internet?

Drilling rig "Troll", Photo: http://wwportal.com/

The field that is being developed with the help of this miracle of engineering is called Ekofisk. They were able to find it with the 200th (two hundredth - in words) attempts. 199 dry exploration wells and only after that - success, and a grandiose success.

But, since the decision has already been made to “run through the oil”, let's not deal with the search thoroughly, let's immediately move on to what is described in the world of crackles with the words “poke a pipe”. How are oil wells drilled? We start again with the destruction of another stereotype: oilmen do not drill wells, but ... build them. You may not believe me, but I have an unkillable argument in reserve. Representatives of the most cruel profession - employees of the tax authorities, attribute wells to the fixed assets of the enterprise, and the cost of their arrangement - to capital investments.

What is a well? Again we call on logic to help, again it is quite enough. A well is a mine working, the diameter of which is much less than its length, and the diameter is such that it does not provide for human access to it. What are the requirements for a well?

- its design should provide free access to the bottom of downhole equipment and instruments;

– the design of the well should prevent the collapse of the walls of the well;

– the design of the well should prevent the flow of oil from one layer to another;

- the design of the well should provide the possibility of sealing the wellhead, if necessary.

Yes, the terminology here is simple: the wellhead is the upper, surface part, the bottom of the well is its lower part.

“Poke the pipe” ... We drill 30 meters down with a large diameter, put a pipe with a diameter of 324 mm - we call this “direction”. We cement the space between the walls of the direction and the walls of the rock. We will not cement it - it will wash out the rock during further drilling. The direction is ready - we reduce the diameter of the well, drill to a depth of 500-800 meters. We lower a new pipe string - now with a diameter of 168 mm, again cement the space between the pipe walls and the rock walls. Done - built "conductor". Why is it needed? Up to a depth of 500-800 mm (depending on the region) - a zone of fresh waters with active water exchange, below - a layer of salty waters. We do not isolate - the Khan of that fresh water. We built a conductor - now you can go down to the target depth. Now pipes with a diameter of 146 have already gone, but we continue and continue cementing the same space. Two kilometers of cementing, three - as much as necessary, we will cement as much. Do you agree that the well is being “built” and not drilled?..

Do you think this is all "wisdom"? If only... Wells are of different types - study the diagrams, no additional words are required here.

Three types of wells, Photo: http://neftianka.ru/

Three drilling methods, Photo: http://neftianka.ru/

So, in short. I really hope that now, in response to the phrase “I poked a pipe - and the oil flooded,” you will begin to react a little differently than before.

Okay, let's keep running. So they "poked the pipe" - what's next? Oil flooded? At first - yes, it flooded, since no one canceled the laws of physics. The pressure at the bottom of the well is less than the pressure in the reservoir - the energy of the reservoir itself pushes the oil up. But gradually the pressure inside the reservoir decreases, and the oil itself does not want to move anywhere. What to do in order to select it from the reservoir completely and completely? A whole set of, let's say, special measures have already been developed: water, gas, steam, chemical reagents are pumped into the reservoir. Water is the cheapest and easiest way, but not very smart. The injection of water saturates the collector with water so much that the water begins to look for a way out and breaks to the bottom of the well - and instead of oil, water suddenly starts gushing out of it. You can pump gas into the same gas cap - but only in cases where this cap has a good volume. No cap - coolants are pumped: steam or chemicals that provide exothermic reactions in the collector. It does not work? Gases are pumped into the entire reservoir - carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen, flue gases. In recent years, they have learned how to pump surfactants, use polymer and micellar flooding. The last "squeak": microbiological methods, when bacterial products are introduced into the reservoir or ensure its formation directly in the reservoir.

Each well has its own “character”, a set of features, each requires an individual solution. All these methods provide the final result: production continues for years, its decline is gradual, by interest per year.

Probably, you have already noticed that so far the story is not at all "holiday". Well, what can you do: in order to understand what a holiday is, you need to understand well what gray everyday life looks like. And this is really an extremely compressed story, in which there is and will not be information about what happens after the oil has left the well. Oil pipelines, oil refining deserve completely separate stories, but for now the goal is completely utilitarian: to ensure that in response to the words “poked a pipe and flooded oil”, there was a desire to poke something harder into something softer for such a talker. The work of our oil workers, our geologists is hard and not easy, the search for and production of oil requires knowledge, skills and true love for this such a difficult and such a necessary profession. People who with their heads and hands have been ensuring for decades uninterrupted receipts of a lot of money into the treasury of the sovereign deserve our respect and respect.

Yes, as an announcement: the next note will be devoted to unconventional oil - the very one that, with the light hand of the Americans, they began to call names "shale". The path to one of them turns out to be thorny and intricate - well, yes, I want to be optimists, what can I hide! - one of the most important news of the XXI century. For those who are interested, please be patient.

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Oil is one of the most valuable minerals, and therefore those who extract it enjoy special respect and honor among the people. Do you know what date Oilman's Day 2019 will be celebrated? If not, then we will remind you of this now, and we also want to talk about the development of the oil industry in our country.

Of course, it would be impossible if people working in such an industry that is so necessary for our country did not have their own professional holiday. And they have it. In 1980, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union issued a Decree according to which the Day of the Oil Worker, or rather, the Day of the Oil and Gas Industry Worker, is celebrated annually on the first Sunday of September. The same tradition has been preserved in our time.

It is clear that this holiday is most solemnly celebrated in those cities and towns that are directly related to oil and gas production. And this is very unfair. After all, not only the filling of the budget of our country, but also the work of almost all other branches of Russian industry depends on how successfully the oil industry works. Thanks to oil and gas workers, light and warmth come to our homes in winter, in general, the contribution of oil workers to the normal life of Russian society is simply difficult to overestimate. Therefore, please remember the people of this difficult profession on the first Sunday of the first month of autumn. Oilman's Day 2019 will be celebrated on September 4th.

A few words from the history of oil production in Russia

The first mention of how local residents on the Ukhta River extract, or rather, collect oil, dates back to the 16th century. They collect - because then oil was collected - an oil slick that spilled over the surface of the water. In those days, oil was used for lubrication and also as a remedy. However, already in the middle of the 18th century, the first oil refinery in Russia was built on the same Ukhta. The first Russian oil well was drilled on the Absheron Peninsula in 1847, and since 1864 commercial well oil production began in the Kuban. But the largest amount of oil in Russia, of course, was produced in the Baku region of Azerbaijan, which in the 19th century was also part of the Russian Empire. The end of the 19th century, this time of powerful development of industry and transport, which means that entrepreneurs needed more and more oil and products of its processing.

However, Russian oil fields were extremely inconveniently located - they were all at a considerable distance from the main industrial areas, and therefore from the places of the main oil consumption, sometimes thousands of kilometers away. Oil was extracted mainly in the Caucasus - in the Grozny region, in Taman, in the Kuban, near Baku. Since 1909, the development of the Maikop deposit began, but its reserves were relatively small. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, Russia sure held the first place in the world in oil production.

Already after the Second World War, exploration and development of oil reserves began in the Volga and Ural regions, and in the 50s up to 45% of all Russian oil was produced here, but the peak of production was reached only by 1975 - 4.5 mil. barrels daily.

In the USSR, special attention was paid to oil production in the country, large-scale investments were made here, thanks to which the oil industry developed extremely actively. In the 60s of the last century, the first large oil fields were discovered in Western Siberia, which gave a powerful impetus to the development of this entire region. Thousands of people from all over the Soviet Union went to work here, to new deposits. Oilman's Day 2019 is also their holiday. Despite the fact that the weather and climatic conditions here were extremely difficult, the settlements of oil workers grew rapidly here, and oil production also grew at a record pace. By the mid-1970s, almost 10 million barrels of oil were being produced daily in the Soviet Union. And to this day, it is the region of Western Siberia that remains the main oil-producing region of our country. However, by the end of the 1980s, due to a decrease in investment in the industry, oil production began to gradually fall. The technological base wore out, there was nothing to replace it, practically no exploration of new deposits was carried out.

And even today it cannot be said that the oil industry has managed to fully overcome the consequences of this crisis, which were further aggravated by the collapse of the USSR. However, it remains the driving force of the Russian economy, and is also the main source of income from Russian exports.

Oilman's Day 2019

And now let's talk about people who continue to extract oil, despite the sometimes very difficult conditions of this process. Oil and its extraction plays a huge role not only in the Russian economy, but also in the economy of many other countries of the world. That is why the oilman is a profession that has a special social significance in society. An oilman can almost always find a job with a good salary, but in most cases, he has to work on a rotational basis and quite far from home.

An oil worker is not only a physically demanding job, but also a dangerous one. It is not uncommon for oil, an extremely flammable substance, to ignite right at the well, resulting in injuries to people and even death. In addition, oil workers servicing drilling rigs have to work at high altitude, in difficult weather conditions, which also entails certain health and even life risks. And there are oilmen who have to work at sea, on drilling platforms, in any weather and in any storm. In general, an oilman is certainly a heroic profession.

Of course, the oilmen make good money. But their work is really worth it. An oilman needs to be extremely strong physically, be able to handle a variety of tools, have a good reaction to any changes in instrument readings, and also have various other skills. And, to be honest, the level of salaries in different companies can be completely different and sometimes differ by an order of magnitude. At the same time, specialists in various fields can find work in the oil industry. Chemists, mathematicians, geologists, accountants, economists, lawyers, financiers, of course, drillers, technologists, fitters, power engineers and even mathematicians work here. And all of them are called by one proud word - oilman.